副词+现在分词 副词+过4.复合代词 动词+动词 介词+副词 副词+名词far-seeing 有远见的 we I I -known 著名的everyone somebodynothi ngmaybe forever upsta i rsdownsta i rswho Ie-hearted Iy二派生词★前缀1. 一般情况，加前缀只改变词义，不改变词性2.能改变词性和词义的前缀5.复合副词形容词+名词sometimes英语中最常见的构词法：「合成法: Y 派生法: j 转化法: 由两个或两个以上的词合成新词 『前缀：加在单词前的词缀后缀：加在单词后的词缀 「由一种词类转化为另一种词类 一合成词A 由两个或两个以上的词合成新词，前一个词起修饰后一个词的作用。
B 合成词有的有连字符连接，有的不用。
C 合成词的词义通常能从单词表面看出来。
合成词的构成：1.复合名词 名词+名词 形容词+名词 形容词+分词 动词+名词 副词+名词 动词+副词2.复合动词名词+动词 形容词+动词 副词+动词basketba 丨I bedroom h i ghway bI ackboard good-looking pIaygroundovercoatbreak-in 闯入 get-together 聚会 babys i t sIeepwaIk whit ewash 粉刷 overcome 克月艮3. 复合形容词 名词+形容词 形容词+名词 形容词+名词+ ed 形容词+形容词 数词+名词 数词+名词+形容词 worIdw i de fuI I-t ime part-t ime wh ite~ha i red bI ack-white 灰白的 four-hourf i ve-year-oId构词法，词形转换（编辑整理by Luna ）名词+过去分词man-madeinventio n associat ion permissi collectionsolutionattentionpronunciationdiscussioncongratulationpollution descriptionsuggestionsituationadvertisement argument2.变表示抽象名词(1) + ion/ tion / sion / ationdonation/dodneijn /犒赠，赠送瀕款瀕赠物satisfaction满意；满足(2) + meritagreement appointment development environmentcommitment equipment excitement(3) + y/tysafety popularity difficulty activity beauty(4) +thdeath growth truth youth wealth health length warmthbirth(5) +nessIll-illness good-goodness busy-business kind-kindness dark-darkness happy-happiness sad-sadness great-greatness lonely-loneliness careful-carefulnesscareless-carelessness friendly-friendliness tired-tiredness bitterness meaninglessness laziness weakness politeness rudenessshyness ugliness sweetness cleverness selfishness(6) +anceappearance enter—entrance(7) shipfriendship hardship 艰难；困苦leadership relationship leadership领导层；领导membership会员资格ownership物主身份；所有权scholarship学术，学识，奖学金sportsmanship运动员精神(D+erfarmer worker teacherwaiter player reporterrunner owner foreignercleane winner engineer robberwaitress 女服务员 actress 女演员构成的新词与原词词义有联系dancer photographer writer readerprogrammer leader cooker 炊具⑵+ordoctor visitor actor conductor inventor director translator professor monitor operatordonor 捐赠者，［医］供血者，输血着(3) +ianmusician librarian veterinarian / vetari'nearisn /(国籍；国人；语言)AustralianCanadian Indian BrazilianAmerica n(4) +istartist pianist violinist scientist psychologist dentisttourist journalist specialist terrorist/'tersnst/ 恐怖主义者；恐怖主义的 optometrist / up tomatrist /验光师，视力测定者(5) + manpostman fisherman fireman milkman Englishman Frenchman★后缀一般改变词性, T 变名词1.变表示职业的名词interviewer 面试者;会见者;采访者 villager manager 注：waiter 男服务员 actor 男演员singer listener speake r⑹+ingshopping beginning crossing warni ng greetingrealistic 现实的;［艺］现实主义的，［哲］实在论（者）的;逼真的;relaxingrelaxe d tiring frustrating embarrassing frustrated exciting worrying9. +iveactive creative aggressive 侵略餡，侵犯的，攻势的；（美）有进取心的，积极行动的; 有进取心的 en ergeticscie ntific 栩栩如生的10.+ing/ed interesting boring interested bored excited worriedT 变反义词 1. un +unhappy unfriendly uncomfortable unusual unlucky unpleasan tunableunforgettableuncrowne d unfair2. dis+d is likedishonestdisadvantagedisagreedisagreement3. inn-inexpensiv e indirec tincorrectinhuman4. im +impossibleimpolite imperfect5. +lesshomeless hopeless helpless careless useless fearless8. +al natural personal national medical professionoriginal normalrural physicalchemicaltraditionaeasternwesternn orthern southernim porta nt —im porta neeconveniemconveniencehigh —height speak speech⑻t 变cedifferent —differe nee confident->confidence silent^-silence(9)其它fa —failure please — pleasure proud-»pride weight-weight fly-*f light succeed —success hungry —hunger free —>freedom wise^wisdom-4变形容词i. +ysunny funny foggy noisy tasty cloudy windyhealth luc thirsty snowy saltyhungry sleepycrispytourist y 适宜游览的，适合观光的，旅游者常去的 2. +ly friendl y livel y lovely daily lonel 3. +fulcareful usefu successful beautiful hopeful helpfulgratef thankful colorful wonderful forge 廿peacefulpainful cheerful playful 闹着玩创;爱玩的;戏谑甸4. +ableenjoyable terrible adjustable comfortable knowledgeable5. +ousdangerous humorous mysterious famous serious anxious enormous 6. +enwooden woolen golden earthen (地面或墙)泥土做的，土制的 7. +ern真题演练:(%1)词汇1(2014.甘粛白银〉He hopes to live a simple and (peace) life.2.(2014.甘貳白恨>h's raining __________ ( heavy ) outside. You'd better not go out.3.(2014.甘肃白銀〉You need hard work and a little luckif you want to achieve _________ (successful).4 (2014.浙江宁A) Reading a _________ e very morning isa good way to improve your English.5.(2014,贵州铜仁〉Zhang Ping is very c _________ . Heusually makes mislakes in his exams・6.(2014.广州〉I'm feeling _____ now. Where can 1 get something to ent?7.(2014.山东威海〉Gui Lin is in the/'sAdan/part of China.8.〈2014,4ft 州〉For your _____ (safe)«you'd better nottravel to Vietnam.(%1)单项选择l〈2014,山东东营〉The air in Dongying is much worse than lhai in many other cities. We must do _________________________________________ t oproiect our environment・A.nothingB.anythingC.somethingD.everything 2.<2014.江苏盐城〉It was raining ________ whenmysister and I got to the museum.A.badlyB.softlyC.hardlyD.heavily3.(2014.-K沙〉My sister is old enough to dress ______ nowA.himselfB.herselfC.myselfJ <2014. 东德州〉—Would you like some cakes.Allen?—Yes, please. And 1 also want some water. I'm so .zyB.hungryC.sleepyD.thirsty(2014.四川宜宾〉_________ m ny have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.A.NoneB.NobodyC・ SomebodyD.Everybody1<2014.浙江绍兴〉一Guess what! Teresa makes her own clothes.—Wow.she is so _________ ・】could never do that.A.simpleB.creativeC・ popularD. energetic7, < 2014.湖北随州>—Who helped you sweep theclassroom yesterday?—I did it all by myself.A.SomebodyB.AnybodyC.NobodyD.EverybodyT变副词1. 一般情况下，直接加lyimmediately slowly2. 以y结蒐的，变为i再加lyluckily happily easily healthily3. 以e结亘的，一般不省略。