高电压防雷保护的设计学生姓名：***专业班级： 2013级机电指导教师：***完稿日期： 2016.01.02目录摘要·······························- 1 - 1雷电的基础知识··························· - 1.1雷电形成及放电过程······················1.1.1雷云形成························1.1.2雷电原理························1.1.3雷云放························1.2雷电形成相关联的原理·····················1.3 雷电的波形及参数·······················1.4雷电的危害··························1.4.1雷电热效应的破坏作用··················1.4.2雷电流电动力的破坏作用·················1.5雷电的静电感应和电磁感应···················1.5.1雷电的静电感应作用···················1.5.2雷电的静电感应原理图··················1.5.3雷电的电磁感应原理··················· - 6 - 2电力系统防雷的基本知识·······················2.1雷击分类···························2.2变电站防雷保护························2.3架空线路的防雷保护······················2.4避雷针····························2.5关于避雷针、避雷线运行中注意的问题··············2.6 线路的耐雷性测定·······················2.7线路防雷设计的选定原则···················· - 9 - 3雷电流压降导致的高电压······················3.1接触电压··························3.2跨步电压·························· 3.3地电位分布不均与地电位的反击················3.3.1直接雷击伤害·····················3.3.2感应电压的伤害····················3.3.3感应电流的伤害····················3.3.4旁侧闪击的伤害····················3.3.5接触电压的伤害····················3.3.6跨步电压的伤害····················致谢参考文献摘要随着我国电力事业的蓬勃发展，高电压防雷保护也不断的扩大。