➢简单句---五种基本句型1）主语+ 不及物动词【主谓】The dog died.2) 主语+ 及物动词+ 宾语【主谓宾】I teach English.3）主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语【主谓宾宾】She sent me a present. 4）主语+ 及物动词+宾语+ 宾语补足语【主谓宾宾补】5）主语+ 系动词+表语【主系表】➢并列句---由并列连词【fanboys】连接的句子。
fanboys: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so1. 注意就远原则、就近原则2. 注意逻辑语义关系。
➢主从复合句从句的语序：陈述语序--- 引导词后紧跟从句的主语。
【注意特例】：特殊疑问词本身做主语的时候，改为宾从的时候，语序不变。
what’s wrong / the matter/the problem (with…)which is the way to…what is the most beautiful ….what is happening over there…who is standing there…3) 时态主现从不限，主过从必过，真理永一现。
注意：在改写宾从的时候，1）如果主句是一般过去式，从句要用相应的过去时态。
2）注意人称变化；3）注意时间状语的变化3.定从考点梳理注意：只能用that 的情况1. 先行词是all, few, little, much, something, anything, everything 等不定代词2. 先行词由only , very 修饰3. 先行词被最高级、序数词修饰4.先行词中既有人又有物非限制性定语从句：特点：先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开which引导：先行词既可以是一个单词，也可以是一整个句子as 引导：可参考常见搭配：as sb expectedas is mentioned beforeas is well-known4. 状语从句重点连接词时间状语从句since---自从；与现在完成时连用as soon as –一…就not … until…直到….才…原因状语从句since；as目的状语从句so that让步状语从句：though/although/even if/ even though, 不与but 连用条件状语从句：if, unless, as/so long as方式状语从句：as(按照)，as if/as thoughPart Three 倒装句--- NAOSHI原则NAOSHI----N--- negative words 【当句首出现否定意义成分，需要进行部分倒装】●NAOSHI----A (as / though 引导的让步状语从句)分词/名词(无冠词)/短语+ as/though + 主语+ 谓语Although/Though I was very tired, I tried to help them.= Tired as/ though I was, tried to help them.Though she is a girl, she behaves like a boy.= Girl as/though she is, [ 此处强调部分为a + n单时；倒装时不用加a]●NAOSHI—o : only + 状语（adv./ 介词短语/状从）+ 助动词+主语+动词（部分倒装）Only then did he realize his mistake.Only in this way can you learn English well.Only when you finish your homework can you watch TV. [从句不倒装，主句倒装]注意易错：Only you can go to school. 【only 后不接状语，不用倒装。
此句only 修饰的是主语】●NAOSHI—s==so, neitherSo did I . 我也是So I did. 确实如此I did so. 我做过这件事。
1.So+ 助动词+主语；表示“也…” Neither/Nor + 助动词+主语: 表示“也不…”【拓展固定结构】：So it is with… 表示前面提及的事也适合后者。
Man can’t l ive without water or air. So it is with animals.人不能离开水和空气。
动物也是如此。
NAOSHI—H：Here 等引导的地点状语（方向）、时间状语，位于句首时，要用完全倒装。
Here comes the bus.In front of you sits Timy.Hearing Timy’s homework, away fled the students.常见标志词：here, there, now, then, away, off, in, out, up , down 等+ 介词短语易错：当主语是人称代词的时候，不用完全倒装。
Away they went.Away went the students.Out went the man.Out he rushed.*NAOSHI—I : if 引导的虚拟从句;若省略if,从句要用倒装结构来表达结构：Were +主语+其他；Had +主语+过去分词+其他；should +主语+动词原形+其他= were +主语+ to do + 其他If I were a boy, I would marry you.Were I a boy, I would marry you.If I had known this, I would have told you.Had I know this, I would have told you.________ here tomorrow, he would show us his new pictures.A. Were he to comeB. Should he comeC. Had he comeD. A and BPart Four 时态综合1. 一般现在时：表示经常，习惯的动作/状态；真理；名人名言标志词：often, always, usually, sometimes, once a week, every day考点：1)真理永一现Our teacher told us the earth _goes____ around the sun. (go)2)时间/条件状从：主将从现，主祈从现，主情从现If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park.2.一般过去时：过去发生的动作或状态标志词：yesterday; last… , …ago, in 1998, just now, used to do考点：used to do sth 过去常常做be used to doing sth 习惯于做某事be used to do sth 被用来做某事3. 一般将来时：将要发生/计划发生的动作标志词：tomorrow, next week, in the future, in + 时间段, in 2100,考点：be going to →主观判断据现有迹象判断将发生will →客观必然; 无迹象He is seriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.4.进行时✓现在进行时：1）说话时正在发生的动作2）最近一段时间持续进行的动作标志词：现在此刻看和听；最近在哪要小心。
（now, at this moment; look; listen; these days; where is …; Be careful! ）✓过去进行时：1）过去某个时刻的动作2）过去某个时间段持续的动作标志词：then, at that time, yesterday, at ten yesterday6.现在完成时：标志词：already, yet, since, for, never, ever, just , before, so far, until now, in the past few years 考点：1)现在完成时→过去发生的事对现在有影响2)瞬间动词不能与for+ 时间段；since+从句/过去时间点，how long;瞬间动词转换成延续动词7. 过去完成时：过去的过去构成：had +done (过去分词)标志词：by + 过去的时间点；by the end of + 过去时间点；before + 过去的时间点固定搭配：had no sooner done than sb did sth ; had hardly/scarcely done when sb did sth考点：直接引语→间接引语She said, “My brother came to see me last week.”→She said (that) her brother __________to see her the week before.8. 过去将来时：从过去某时看，将要发生的动作或者状态构成：would do ; was/were going to do标志词：soon, the nest day, the next month, the next year。