一.1.1)differences between A and B A和B之间的不同★★make some/no difference 有一些/没有作用/影响A is different fromB A和B不同A andB are different in．．A和B在某方面不同differ vi . 不同；有分歧2)be happy with sth./sb. 对某物/某人感觉愉快/幸福/满意be happy to do sth. 乐于做某事3)mean vt. 意味着；有……的意思★★★mean doing 意味着……★★★mean to do 打算做某事★★means n. 方法，手段（单复同形）by this means = in this way 用这种方法by no means =not at all 决不by all means 一定，务必，不惜一切地by means of 通过；用；借助于4)be prepared for 已为……做好了准备prepare sb. for sth. 使……有思想准备prepare sb. to do sth. 为某人做某事做准备in preparation (for) 在准备中make preparation s． for 为……做准备5)encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事encourage sb. (in sth.) 鼓励或支持某人discourage sb. 使某人泄气6)more than = over 超过，多于more than+名词/动词/形容词/从句不仅仅；不只是no more than +数词仅仅not more than +数词至多，不超过not more……than 不比……更no more……than 和……不一样more……than 与其说是……不如说是……7)★turn out to be sb./sth. 结果是……e.g. But it turn out to be fine.8)★try to do sth. 努力做某事★try doing sth. 是做，尝试干某事9)attend (on) sb. 照料/看护某人attend to sb. = take care of10)win/earn/gain the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬have a deep respect for sb. 深深敬重某人respect sb. for doing sth. 因为……而尊敬某人11)blame sb. for doing sth. 因为……而责备某人scold sb. for doing sth. 因为……而责骂某人12)devote oneself to 献身于devoted adj.e.g. a devoted father 一个慈爱的父亲devotion n.e.g. her devotion to her job13)miss doing sth. 错过做某事missing = lost = gone14)earn one's living 谋生15)in the end = finally = at last 最后at the end ofat the beginning of16)approve (of) doing sth. 赞同做某事approve (of) sth.disapprove17)be in charge of = take charge of 掌管in the charge of 由……掌管take charge = in charge18)inform the parents of the eventsinform sb.of sth. 通知某人某事★★★★★e.g. You should keep me informed．．．．．．．． of the recent news.19)expect sth. from sb. 从……期待……e.g. He could expect help from his friend.expect sb. to do sth.★hope to do20)be supposed to do = be expected to = be required to do21)★★★★★sb be required to 某人被要求做某事sth. require doing/to be donerequire to be donerequire doinge.g. My shoes require to be washed.My shoes require washing.22)come up with = think of 提出，找到（答案，方法）等e.g. A question came up at meeting yesterday.23)run into = come across = meet with 偶遇24)go out 灯火等熄灭；出去e.g. The light in the room suddenly went out.25)be upset about sth. 为……难过26)★be hard on sb. 对某人苛刻27)might as well 倒不如，不妨28)feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth. 想要做某事29)★★★★★have difficulty (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难30)struggle for 为……奋斗struggle with/against 与……进行斗争struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来31)trade A with B 交换trade B for Atrade with foreigners 和外国人做生意trade mark 商标32)deserve v. 值得deserve to dodeserve to be donee.g. deserve to be praiseddeserve praising (praise )33)as if = as though 好像even if = even though 尽管e.g. Although he is very young,he acts as if he were．．．． an adult.★★★★★虚拟语气与现在的事实相反，be→were/do→did；与过去的事实相反，do→had done；e.g. They treat the little child as if he were．．．． their own child.They look．．．． the story ahead of time.．．．． very happy as if they knewThey looked．．．．．．．． the story ahead of time.．．．．．． very happy as if they had knownI wish I were a bird.I wish I had been there before.I wish I could get a beautiful Berz.insist 坚持（认为）/坚持（要求）e.g. He insists that he (should) not be sent．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． to hospital.→虚拟语气The thief insisted that he hadn't stolen．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．into．．．．．．．．．．．．the wallet,and that he (should) not to put prison.It is required that(形式主语结构）everyone (should) work．．．．．．．．．．．．hard at every subject.→虚拟语气34）whose + n.=the +n.+of +whom/which =of +whom/which +the +n.35)speak of = talk aboutspeak to = talk to/withspeak highly of 高度赞扬36)rob sb. of ．．sth. 抢某人某物37)work out = exercise = do/take exercise 锻炼38)contain(容纳)/include(包括)e.g. The water contains many vitamins.They all went to the cinema ,including Tom.39)treat sb. very well 对某人很好treat sb. as 把某人当做treat sb. 's illness 给某人治病40)do harm to = do damage to41)prefer A to Bprefer to do sth.prefer to do A rather than do Bprefer doing A to doing B42)regret -regretted 后悔regret doing sth. 后悔做某事regret to do sth. 遗憾做某事43）be worth doing44)the same ……thatthe same ……ase.g. I have bought the same watch as you have bought.我买的手表和你买的是一样的。

This is the same watch that I lost.这手表和我丢的是同一块。

45)★★★★★as is known to all = as we all know = as everyone knows 众所周知★★★★★as is often the case 这是常有的事as is mentioned above 正如上面所提到的as ．．引导的从句是百搭从句，既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后，甚至可以．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．放在从句之中。

．．．．．．．46）lose control of sth.get sth. under control=take control of sth.out of control47)count on=depend on 依靠，取决于48）★★★★★So+．．．助动词．．．/．系动词．．．/．情态动词．．．．+．主语．．表示上述肯定情况也适用于该主语．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．Neither/nor +．．．．．．．．．．．．助动词．．．/．系动词．．．/．情态动词．．．．+．主语．．表示上述否定情况也适用于该主语．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．☆☆☆☆☆He failed in the exam, so he did.So+．．．主语．．+．助动词．．．/．系动词．．．/．情态动词．．．．表示对上述肯定情况的赞同和肯定，前后主语一致．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．so sb. do 某人的确这样so/neither do sb. 某人也这样49）direct one's attention on sth. 集中注意在某物上concentrate one's attention on sth.50)★★★感谢某人thank sb. thanked sb. be grateful to sb. owe thanks to sb.51)★★★★★due to 由于；预期assume 假定；认为base be base on 以……为基础52)★★★There is a puzzled look on her face.53)take steps to do sth. 采取行动做某事search sb. for sth. 搜身search for=look forin search of=in one's search for 寻找54)develop one's interest inshow/take/find/have/feel interest in55)★★★It occurs/occured to sb. to do sth.It occurs/occured to sb. that某人（突然）想到e.g. It suddenly occurred to her that Joe was afraid of being alone.56)★★★convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事convincing adj.become/be convinced of sth.make sb. convinced of57)link A to B 与……有关联connect A with B58)head for =make one's way to 前往59)be limit to 被限制60)A married BA was/got married to B61)★A is similar to B in sth.★A is differs from B in sth.A differs fromB in sth.62)★★★shouldn't have sb. doing=shouldn't allow sb. to do63)★have sb. do=get sb. to do 请某人做某事64)★★★common sence 常识65)★★★large quantities of water - have 大量的水large quantity of water - has66)★★★★★This is．． the first(second /third /n th …)time (that)+ subj.+have/has+done．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．.↓↓That was．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． the first(second /third /n th …)time (that)+ subj.+had+done 67)★provide sb. with sth. offer sb sth. supply sb. with sth. 提供某人某物provide sth. for sb. supply sth. to sb.68)★be about to do sth , when …正要做某事69)★★★★★do whatever sb. can [to do]do what sb. can [to do]do all sb. can [to do]=do one's best to do70)explain sth. to sb.explain to sb. Sth.71)arrange for sb. to do sth. 为某人安排某事72)many+c.n.much+u.n.so few+c.n.so little+u.n.a great deal of+u.n.lots of+c.n./u.n.a large amount of+u.n.a large number of+c.n.plenty of+c.n./u.n.many a+c.n. 谓语动词用单数．．．．．．．dozens of+c.n.73)in the dark74)as long as 只要75)in order that=so that76)take your time 别着急，慢慢来77)be curious to do sth. 对某事好奇be curious about sth.78)by“到…的时候为止”常与完成时连用(had done、have/has done、will have done、have been doing)79)preserve(protect) sth./sb. from 保护某人80)★be know as 作为……而闻名be know for 因为……而闻名be know to 为（某人）所知81)A along with B （除……之外）还有；与……一起82)★★★★★Upon their entering the tombUpon/On returning/his return．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． from Britain,he began his work.→As soon as he returned．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． from Britain,he began his work.→The moment he returned．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． from Britain,he began his work.→Immediately he returned．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． from Britain,he began his work.83)★★★★★only to do．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．“结果却…”往往表示出乎意料的结果e.g. He made a long speech only to show his foolishness.84)★★★★★If breathed in．．．．．．．． illness or even death.．．．．．．．．．．．．,they can result inif breathed in = if they are breathed inresult in =lead to 导致result from…由……引起，产生e.g. ①His carelessness resulte．．．．．．．．． the failure of the experiment.．．．．．．．d in/led to②The traffic accident resulted from．．．．．．．．．．．． his carelessness.as a result=because of=due to 因此as a result of 作为……的结果85)★though 放在居中意为“但是”86)★would go （肯定）要去．．．．．．was/were going to do sth. 原本打算要去做某事，实际没有做．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．87)★★★★★manage to do sth. 设法做成某事=succeed in doing=be successful in doing=have success in doing=be able to do=do sth. successfully /with success88)★compare A to B 把A比作B；把A和B进行比较compare A with B 把A和B进行比较89)★use up all the money 用完所有的钱run out of the money90)★★★当陈述部分的must表示“一定，想必”等推测意义时，附加疑问部分不用must，而要根据must后面的动词所发生的时间，对该动词提出相应的疑问。