一、现在完成时的构成现在完成时态讲解及练习肯定句：主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years.一般疑问句：Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它He has not finished his homework.过去分词的构成方法如下:1.一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加–ed.work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted2.以不发音的-e 结尾的动词只加–d.Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。
则将y 改i 加ed.study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied4.以重读闭音节结尾的词，这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加–ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表一、AAA. （原形，过去式和过去分词一致）二、ABB（过去式和过去分词一致）3)过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d6）过去式、过去分词改为-eltrecently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段；in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句He hasn’t done his homework yet.just(刚刚)They have just left.ever(曾经)Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不)I have never seen him .before(以前)Have you seen the film before?since(自从…以来)I’ve worked in the school since 1999.for(长达)He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…)recently(最近)I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)三、现在完成时的用法1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。
常与a l r ea d y(已经),y e t(已经),j u s t(刚刚),eve r(曾经)等词连用.A l r ea d y，y e t的用法a l r ea d y:常用于肯定句中.y e t:常用于否定句,疑问句尾.Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的)I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙)I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容)I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的)3)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，常与 for, since 引导的时间短语或从句连用.since , for 的用法:since: (自…以来)1)s ince+时间点He has stayed here since 5 o’clock.2)s ince+ 时间段+ ago3)s ince+ 从句for+ 时间段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.She has learned English for 5 years.He has lived in Beijing since he was born .Have you stayed here since 3 o’clock?四、have/has been to; have/has gone to; have/has been inhave /has been to 曾经去过某地，人已经回来了have /has gone to 去了某地，人还没回来have /has been in 去了某地并一直待在那1. 我去过上海。
I have been to Shanghai twice.2.---Where is Jim？--He has gone to England．（尚未回来）3. I have been in Shanghai for three years．我到上海已有三年了。
1、现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时的"完成用法" 指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
例如：He has turned off the light. 他已把灯关了。
( 动作结束于过去，但说明的是现在的情况-- 灯现在不亮了。
)现在完成时"完成用法" 的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示不定的过去时间状语( 如：already ，yet ，before ，recently 等) 、频度时间状语( 如：never ，ever ，once 等) 、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语( 如：this morning / month / year... ，today 等) 连用。
例如：Have you found your pen yet ？你已找到你的钢笔了吗？2、现在完成时的" 未完成用法"现在完成时的" 未完成用法" 指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。
例如：1.He has lived here since 1978/he moved here. 自从1978 年以来，他一直住在这儿。
( 动作起始于1978 年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。
)2.I have been in the army for more than 5 years. 我在部队已经呆了五年多了。
( 动作开始于5 年前，一直延续至今，有可能还要继续下去。
)此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语( 由since 或for 引导) ，或表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语( 如：up to now ，so far 到目前为止) 等。
例如：I have heard nothing from him up to now. 到目前为止我没有他的任何消息。
1.他的爷爷已经去世2 年了。
His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.2.N ick 参军3 年了. Nick has been in the army for 3 years3.他离开深圳好长时间了。
He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.4.这本书我已借了4 个月了I have had/kept the book for 4 months.五、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别(1)一般过去时的谓语动词用过去式，而现在完成时的谓语基本构成是" 助动词have /has + 过去分词" 。
如：The film started at 7 o'clock. He has been a teacher for many years.(2)一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。
如：yesterday, last week, two years ago, just now, in 2002 等；而现在完成时则常与just, already, ever, never 等副词和these days, this week, since..., for.../since...ago/ up to now/so far 等表示一段时间的状语连用。
(3 ) 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作。
说话的侧重点只在于陈述一件过去的事情，不强调对" 现在" 产生的影响。
如：He visited Guilin in 1998. 他1998 年参观过桂林。
( 只说明去桂林的时间)(4)现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成了影响或产生了结果。
不与确定的过去时间状语连用。
如：Jill has bought a new computer. 吉尔买了一台新电脑。
( 着重点是现在有了一台新电脑) 看看以下的几组句子，有什么区别？(A) Have you seen the film? (B)Did you see the film?[说明] 你看过这部电影吗？(A)句强调的是被问者对剧情是否了解；(B)句强调的是看这部电影的动作是否发生过，并不强调是否知道其内容。
(A) He has lived in Beijing for 8 years. (B) He lived in Beijing for 8 years.[说明] 他在北京住了8 年。
(A)句讲的是到目前为止他在北京住了8 年，可能还会继续在北京住下去。
(B)句讲的是他在北京住过8 年，现在不在北京了。
一、抄写动词以及过去式和过去分词。
1. be -2. come -3. go -4. do -5.have -6.drink -7.give -8.eat -9.know -10.run -11.say -12.see -13.find -14.draw -15.get -16.hear -17.begin -18.buy -19.leave -20 become - 练习21break -22bring -23build -24bite -25catch -26choose -27cut -28fall -29fly -30forget -31grow -32hit -33hurt -34keep -35lend -36lose -37meet -38put -39read -40ring -二、用for 或since 填空1.Mr. Brown has had his TV 15 years.2.I’ve taken driving lessons last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone a month .4.My friends haven’t visited me my birthday.5.We haven’t used our car a long time .6.She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee years.7.Tom has worn glasses he was 7 years old.8.Jill has been in Ireland Monday.9.Mr. Jason has been in Paris three days.10.My aunt has lived in Australia 15days.11.Margaret is in her office. She has been there 7 o’clock.12.India has been an independent country 1974.13.Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty many years.14.Mike has been ill a long time. He has been in hospital October.三、改写句子，使原句的意思不变，每空一词。