thyroid/o
thyroid 甲状腺
thyroiditis thyroidectomy hypothyroidism
ovari/o
ovary 卵巢
ovariotomy ovaritis ovariopathy
-trophic
nutrition,growth, neurotrophic nourishment thymotrophic 营养（的） adrenotrophic
meaning
内胚层 内镜 内质
甲状腺炎 甲状腺切除术 甲状腺功能减退
卵巢切开术 卵巢炎 卵巢病
神经营养性的 促胸腺的 促肾上腺的
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contents
01 Brief Introduction 02 Classification 03 The major factors 04 Pathogenesis 05 Clinical Manifestations 06 Complications 07 Diagnosis 08 Antidiastole 09 Therapy
肾上腺炎 抗肾上腺素的 肾上腺病
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Terminology
Combining form meaning prefix and suffix
pancreat/o
pancreas 胰腺
gluc/o
sugar 糖
glyc/o
sugar 糖
insulin/o
insulin 胰岛素
terminology
6
02 Classification
2.1 Type 1 diabetes
The pancreas undergoes an autoimmune attack by the body itself,and is rendered incapable of making insulin.Abnormal antibodies have been found in the majority of patients with type1 diabetes.Antibodies are proteins in the blood that are part of the body‘s immune system,the patient with type1 diabetes must rely on insulin medication for survival.
insulinase
胰岛素酶
insuloma
胰岛素瘤
hyperinsulinism 高胰岛素血症
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Terminology
Combining form prefix and suffix
meaning
terminology
endo-
within 内
endoderm endoscope endoplasm
Figure1：Main symptom of diabetes
5
01 Brief Introduction
Diabetes mellitus, or simply diabetes, is a group of metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. This high blood sugar produces the classical symptoms of polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), and polyphagia (increased hunger).
meaning
pancreatic pancreatin pancreatogram
胰腺，胰脏的 胰酶 胰造影摄片
glucagon glucogenesis glucolysis
胰高血糖素 葡萄糖生成 糖酵解
glycopenia glycosuria hyperglycemia
低糖，糖过少 糖尿 高血糖症
adenitis adenoma adenopathy
腺炎 腺瘤 腺病
endocrinology hypercrine crinogenic
内分泌学 内分泌机能亢进的 促分泌的
hormonal
激素的，激素性
hormonogenesis 激素生成
hormonology 内分泌学
பைடு நூலகம்
adrenitis adrenolytic adrenopathy
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Terminology
Combining form prefix and suffix
aden/o
crin/o
hormon/o
adren/o
meaning
gland 腺
secrete 分泌
hormone 激素
adrenal glands 肾上腺
terminology
meaning
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02 Classification
2.2 Type 2 diabetes
It previously referred to as non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus,or adult onset diabetes mellitus.patients can still produce insulin,but do so relatively inadequately for their body‘s needs,particularly in the face of insulin resistance as discussed above.In many cases this actually means the pancreas produces larger than normal quantities of insulin.A major feature of type2 diabetes is a lack of sensitivity to insulin by the cells of the body.