南京财经大学成人高等教育网络课程大学英语综合教程（第二册）试卷2* 本试卷满分为100分，答题时间为90分钟。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------一、阅读判断(共10小题，共计20分)二、单项选择题(共45小题，共计80分)Ⅰ. Reading Judgment (True or False) ( 20＇)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the following 10 questions. If the statement agrees with the information given in the passage. You choose A for True; and if statement contradictsthe information given in the passage, you choose B for False.Ability to LearnPeople differ in their ability to learn. They differ in the amount of ability they have, as well as in the kind of ability they have. Some students can barely get passing marks in high school, while others earn all A’s. Certain students are successful in mathematics and science but do poorly in literature and history. Other students do well in literature and history and poorly in science and mathematics.It is hard to find out what causes these differences. Are they due to the person’s background— tothe kind of home or neighborhood in which he grew up and the kind of experiences he had? Or is a person’s ability to learn passed on to him from his ancestors, along with such traits as the texture of his hair and the color of his eyes?Most studies of these questions seem to point to the fact that both the conditions under which a person grows up (his environment) and the traits passed on to him from his ancestors (his inheritance) determine how well the person learns. It is true that some families have an unusually large number of gifted members. But these families may live in homes in which there are books and other opportunities for learning. The parents may be concerned with their children’s success in school. In other families there are generations of people with very modest abilities. In these families, interest in learning may not be encouraged.Differences between boys and girls in ability to learn have also been reported. Generally, however, the differences have been small. Girls tend to have slightly better grades in elementary school, and they re slightly better in work skills than boys. Boys, on the average, get higher scores on mathematical learning tasks and in science and mechanics.It is doubtful that the differences reported in learning reflect physical differences between boys and girls. It is more likely that the differences in learning reflect a general feeling among people in the Western world. Certain tasks are popularly felt to be best suited to girls and others best suited to boys.It is thought by many people that children learn more easily than adults. But children are not necessarily the best learners. The ability to remember numbers, to memorize poetry, or to learn school subjects increases as people grow older. In many of these tasks a person can achieve nearly twice as much at the age of 20 as he can at the age of 10. After the age of 25 the ability to acquire new learning begins to drop somewhat. This drop continues for the rest of one’s life. But it is not the same for all subjects. The ability to learn routine tasks falls off faster than the ability to learn meaningful material. It also seems to be true that people who are intelligent and well educated show less of a drop than others in ability to learn as they grow older.The rapid growth of technical and other information in this century has made learning particularly important. But many questions wait for answers. Much research is going on in psychological laboratories. Psychologists want to know how memory works. In what way is an ability to learn affected by the skills we have learned before? Do human beings have certain inborn abilities that make it possible for them to learn some skills more easily than others?The need for learning and remembering is especially important to students. Perhaps your task as a student will be made easier as more is discovered about learning.1. Different people have different abilities to learn.A. TrueB. False2. A person’s ability to learn, as well as the traits of the texture of his hair and the color of his eyes, is inherited from hisancestor.A. TrueB. False3. The two factors — both the environment and the inheritance — play a crucial role in deciding a person’s ability tolearn.A. TrueB. False4. The parents of the families which have an extremely large number of capable members pay more attention to theirchildren’s achievements in study.A. TrueB. False5. Due to their physical distinctions, boys and girls make an enormous difference in their ability to learn.A. TrueB. False6. It is widely believed that some tasks are appropriate to girls as well as boys.A True B. False7. It is universally accepted that children can learn better than adults.A. TrueB. False8. All people’s ability to acquire new things will decline at the same speed after they are 25.A. TrueB. False9. No questions about people’s ability to learn remain to be resolved.A. TrueB. False10. The more about learning is revealed, the easier the students study will be.A. TrueB. FalseⅡ. Reading Comprehension ( 80＇)Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 5 questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter. Passage 1The key to any successful garage sale (家庭旧物出售) is to get the word out. The best means of advertising your sale is to place an ad in the local newspaper. If you have a city and neighborhood paper, make sure you advertise in both. The ad should be large enough that it stands out. It should also include information on where the sale is located with directions, the “hot” items you’re selling and the time the sale will start and end. An ad should be placed at least two days before the sale and run until the day of your event. That way people can plan their route(路线) to the sale in advance.Signs are another great way to inform your community. Post them in places where people gather, such as stores and community centers. Some businesses have a central bulletin board (布告栏), which is the best place to advertise. Other places to post are at the local college or university campus. This is especially helpful if your sale is happening in August or early September when students have returned to school and are looking for cheap finds.Post signs around your neighborhood. You should also place both ads and direction signs, especially if you’re located on a side street without a major presence. Signs will attract and direct people. Just make sure you print in bold letters and use large direction signs so people can read the information from the front seat of their car.1. The best way of getting out the news of your garage sale is to ______.A. publish the news onlineB. visit people door-to-doorC. advertise in the local newspaperD. make phone calls to your neighbors2. You should place an ad at least two days before the sale so that people can ______.A. get enough cash for the saleB. compare prices of the itemsC. select the items they will buyD. decide on their route in advance3. Why should signs be posted in a community center?A. Schools are nearby.B. There are many stores.C. Students often meet there.D. More people gather there.4. What advice is given for printing the signs according to the last paragraph?A. Colored signs are preferred.B. Bold letters should be used.C. Large pictures should be included.D. Phone numbers should be provided.5. The best title for the passage might be ______.A. Advertising Garage SalesB. Advantages of Garage SalesC. Importance of Garage SalesD. Printing Ads for Garage SalesPassage 2In the eighteenth—century one of the first modern economists, Adam Smith, thought that the “whole annual produce of the land and labor of every country” provided revenue to “three different orders of people: those who live by rent, those who live by wages, and those who live by profit”. Each successive stage of the industrial revolution, however, made the social structure more complicated.Many intermediate groups grew up during the nineteenth century between the upper middle class and the working class. There were small—scale industrialists as well as large ones, small shopkeepers and tradesmen, officials and salaried employees, skilled and unskilled workers, and professional men such as doctors and teachers. Farmers and peasants continued in all countries as independent groups.During the ni neteenth and early twentieth centuries the possession of wealth inevitably affected a person’s social position. Intelligent industrialists with initiative made fortunes by their wits which lifted them into an economic group far higher than that of their working—class parents. But they lacked social training of the upper class, who despisedthem as the “new rich.”They often sent their sons and daughters to special school to acquire social training. Here their children, mixed with the children of the upper classes, were accepted by them, and very often found marriage partners from among them. In the same way, a thrifty, hardworking laborer, though not clever himself, might save for his son enough to pay for an extended secondary school education in the hope t hat he would move in a “white-collar” occupation, carrying with it a higher salary and a move up in the social scale.In the twentieth century the increased taxation of higher incomes, the growth of the social services, and the wider development of educational opportunity have considerably altered the social outlook. The upper classes no longer are the sole, or even the main possessors of wealth, power and education, though inherited social position still carries considerable prestige.6. What criterion did Adam Smith seem to go by in his classification of social groups?A. The amount of wealthB. The amount of moneyC. The social statusD. The way of getting money7. If you compare the first and second paragraph, what groups of people did Adam Smith leave out in his classification?A. Officials and employees’B. Peasants and farmers.C Doctors and teachers’ D. Tradesmen and landlords.8. Who were the ‘new rich’ during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?A. They were still the upper class people.B. They were owners of large factories.C They were intelligent industrialists.D They were skilled workers who made their fortune.9. According to the passage, what did those people do who intended to make their children move up in the socialladder?A. They saved a lot of money for their children to receive higher education.B. They tried to find marriage partners from the children of the upper class.C. They made greater fortunes by their wits.D. They worked even harder to acquire social training.10. In the twentieth century class differences have been partly smoothed out by ____.A. Increased income and decreased taxationB. Taxation, social services and educational opportunitiesC. Education, the increase of income and industrial developmentD. The decrease of the upper class populationDirections: There are 10 incomplete statements in this section. You are required to complete each statement by choosing the appropriate answer from the four choices A, B, C and D.11. She didn’t know to express her ideas clearly when she was invited to speak at a meeting.A. whereB. whyC. whatD. how12. The representative of the company demanded that part of the agreement revised.A. will beB. isC. to beD. be13. his surprise, the manager found nobody in the meeting room..A. AtB. ToC. ForD. With14. I was almost asleep last night when I suddenly heard someone at the door.A. be knockingB. knockingC. to knockD. having knocked15. She didn’t go to the party last night,she had to finish her term paper.A. ifB. thoughC. tillD. because16. They regard as their duty to provide the best service for their customers.A. thisB. whatC. itD. that17. up at the clock on the wall, the secretary found it was already midnight.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked18. I tried to get out of the business I found impossible to carry on.A. whyB. whichC. whatD. where19. The scientists wanted to keep people about the breakthrough in his experiment.A. in formB. informedC. informingD. to inform20. The advertising company recently hired a designer had once won a prize in a national contest.A. whoseB. whichC. whomD. whoDirections: There are 20 blanks in the following passages. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the one that Best fits into the passage.People could not go into space without computers. Computers a lot of information. They solve many problems quickly in order to bring people back safely to earth.Apollo 13 was sent into space on April 11, 1970, three astronauts on board. They were on their way to the moon. The trip went well for two days. , when Apollo 13 was 200,000 miles from earth, there was a sudden problem. The spaceship oxygen. The men might die without enough oxygen they could return to earth.Very quickly, the scientists in the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, went to work on the problem. How could these men quickly and safely to earth? they have enough oxygen left to return?It months of work for scientists alone to study all the possible answers to these problems. They could use one thing—a computer. One of the largest and computers in the world was at the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston.Scientists quickly thought up all possible ways to save the men in Apollo 13. They the information into the computer as fast as they could. They did not stop to eat or rest. For 12 hours, scientists and the computer worked without stopping. every possible answer to the problem, the computer how long it would take, how much fuel, how much oxygen, and the chances of or failure.Finally, the computer came the best answer. The three astronauts came back to earth safely. They landed in the ocean only one-half mile from the ship, picked them up.This is just a typical example of the importance of computers. The computer is so important to space travel scientists do not want the computer to when they need it. It is built to work approximately six years without repair. The spacecraft Center has a second computer just like the first one. They can use the second computer there is any trouble with the first one. Computers are necessary for a safe, successful trip into space.21. A. could receive B. can hold C. could reveal D. can indicate22. A. carrying inside B. taking with C. holding inside D. having23. A. However B. Moreover C. Though D. Therefore24. A. off B. away C. round D. across25. A. had lost B. have lost C. lost D. was losing26. A. when B. if C. before D. since4627. A. turn back B. be returned C. turn D. return28. A. Would B. Will C. Can D. Did29. A. could take B. took C. would have taken D. had taken30. A. almost B. only C. nearly D. approximately31. A. safe B. portable C. most quickly D. fastest32. A. installed B. put C. entered D. transmitted33. A. For B. As C. About D. Since34. A. made judgments B. informed C. told D. foretold35. A. successor B. success C. successes D. succeeding36. A. up with B. out with C. up to D. out for37. A. the one B. which C. that D. it38. A. that B. the C. those D. these39. A. break out B. break off C. break up D. break down40. A. when B. while C. until D. now thatDirections: Choose the best translation for each of the sentences from the choices marked A, B, C, and D.41. Party B has the right to cancel the contract with a written notice to Party A under the following conditions.A. 乙方在下述情况下有权以书面通知甲方取消合同。