12定语从句知识结构图解3概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，4充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指5人的先行词6⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词7②指物的先行词8★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
9He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. 0(which替代前面所叙述的事情)1先行词2①替代前面的先行词3（替代作用）4关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从5句（连接作用）6③在定语从句中作句子成分7（成分作用）8定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词9标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类12关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，3定45（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）6关系副词：在从句中作状语7(When/where/why)8⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
9①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
1定 He is a teacher who works at our school.2定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用 (先行词与定语从句之3间有逗号隔开)4语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with 5a long history.6比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only 7two sons.)8从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he 9has two more sons)1句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语2She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)3②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 4 限定性定语从句 ③ 关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略5Housing price is a problem (that/which) people 6are interested in.7比较: Housing price is a problem in which people are 8interested.9（此时只能用which 且不能省略）1① 以疑问词who 开头的句子中 2定语从句几个难点 Who is the man that is 3shouting there?4② 关系代词在从句中作表语时 5用that 的情况 She is not the girl that she used 6to be.7③ 先行词被the very, the right, the only 修饰8This is the very person that we are looking for.9⒉先行词是人that/who 的1区别 ①先行词是one, 2 ones, anybody, all, none, those 等34 Those who want to go to the cinema5 will have to6wait at the gate of the school.7②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了8 that,另外一9用who 的情况 个用who1 Who is the boy that won the gold medal?2③在there be 结构中3There are many young men who 4 are against him.5④ 在非限定性定语从句当中 6Tom, who is my best friend, has gone 7abroad to study.89① 在非限定性定语从句中.1She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.2②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语. 3 The pen with which you write is 4Jack ’s.5③先行词是that 或定语从句中套67Let me show you the novel that 890 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little,12few, much,3⒊先行词是物 anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等4that / which的区别She did all that she could to 5help us.67②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, 8much, the only, the very, the right，9the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I 1want.2③先行词中既有人又有物时3She described in her 4compositions the people and5用that的情况 the places that impressed her 6most.7④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级8修饰时。
9This is the best book that I 0have ever read.1This is the first film that 2I’ve seen since I came here.3⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一4个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that5He built a factory which6produced things that had never been seen before.7定⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which, 8另一个用that9Who is the person that is 0standing at the gate?12语定语从句10个难点①As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定3句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
常用于以下句型当中4从★ Such/so..... as.... 像.....一样the same . (5)as…和…...同样的6A computer is so useful a machine as we can use 7everyday.8句⒋As引导定语从He is not the same man as he was.9句的用法②引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。
可以放在句首，句中或句末。
1As I remember, there were a net bar here.2Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known 3to all.4★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别5This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事6物)7This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同8类事物）9①When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的1time, day等2I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 3（when=on which）4②Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的5place, spot等6Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)7③Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.8⒌关系副词的运用 I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. (why = for which)9★★Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名1词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地2步）等3What are the situations where body language is 4the only form of communication?5在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。
（此6时where = in which）789① way that / in 1which / 不填2The way in which / that / 不填 he explains the 34比较: The way which /that/不填he told to us was quite 5simple.6（★way在定语中作tell的7宾语）8time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that 9引导定语从句⒍几个特殊②先行词time This is the first time that the president has visited the country. 1的先行词 time作“一段时间”讲时，应用关系2副词when3This was the time when there were no 4radios, no telephones or no TV sets. （★此时when = during which 5在..期间）67③先行词reason84种引导方式9why/for which/that/不填This is the reason why/for which/that/不填 he can not 1come here.2比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he 3explained to us for his absence from the conference. （★4reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语）56★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词+which（指7物）介词+whom（指人）8★该结构介词的选用原则：9①根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配This is the book on which I spent $ 8.1This is the book for which I paid $ 8.2②根据先行词的搭配习惯3I remember the days during which I lived there.4I remember the day on which I graduated from 5university.6⒎介词+关系代词③根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定7The colorless gas without which we can’t live 8is called oxygen.9④英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关0系代词。