、常用句型一）原因1. A number of factors might contribute to （lead to ）（account for ） the phenomenon（problem）.2. The change in rgely results from the fact that...3. We may blame ...，but the real causes are...4. Another contributing factor （cause ） is ...二）比较1. The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.2. For all the disadvantages ，it has its compensating advantages.3. A and B has several points in common.4. People used to think ... ，but things are different now.三）批驳1．There is a grain of truth in these statements ，but they ignore a more important fact.2．Some people say ...，but it does not hold water.3．It makes no sense to argue for ...4．Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...四）后果1. It may give rise to a host of problems.2. The immediate result it produces is ...3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...4. Its consequence can be so great that...五）举例1．A good case in point is ...2．Such examples might be given easily.六）证明1．No one can deny the fact that ...2．Recent studies indicate that ...3．There is sufficient evidence to show that ...七）开篇1．Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...2．Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.3．Faced with ...，quite a few people argue that ...4．According to a recent survey ，...5．With the rapid development of ....八）结尾1. From what has been discussed above，we can draw the conclusion that ...2. It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...3. With the efforts of all parts concerned ，the problem will be solved thoroughly.九）解释原因的1. to begin with ，then，furthermore ，finally（强烈推荐）2. to start with ，next，in addition ，finally（强烈推荐）3. first and foremost ，besides，last but not least（强烈推荐）4. most important of all ，moreover ，finally5.on the one hand, on the other hand（适用于两点的情况）6. for one thing , for another thing（适用于两点的情况）十）前后连接词then，therefore，consequently，accordingly ，hence，as a result，for this reason，so that二、词汇替换I. individuals , characters, folks 替换（people , persons）2. positive , favorable, rosy （美好的）promising （有希望的）,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding ,superior 替换good3. dreadful, unfavorable , poor , adverse , ill （有害的）替换bad。

如果bad 做表语，可以有be lessimpressive 替换。

Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games ，enjoying romanee with girls/boys or killi ng time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduati on ，as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive4. （an army of，an ocean of，a sea of, a multitude of ，a host of，many，if not most）替换many. 注：用many，if not most 一定要小心，many 后一定要有词。

Eg. Many individuals ，if not most，harbor the idea that 同理.用most，if not all ，替换most.5. a slice of，quiet a few ，several 替换some6. harbor the idea that，take the attitude that，hold the view that，it is widely shared that，it is uni versallyackno wledged that）替换th ink （因为是书面语，所以要加that）7. affair ，bus in ess，matter 替换thing8. shared 替换com mon9. reap huge fruits 替换get many ben efits ）10. for my part ，from my own perspective 替换in my opinionII. lncreasing（ly），growing替换more and more（注意没有growingly 这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth isin creas in gly popular with the adva nceme nt of sth.12.little if anything ，或little or nothing 替换hardly13. beneficial，rewarding 替换helpful14. shopper，client，consumer，purchaser，替换customer15. exceedingly，extremely，i ntensely 替换very16. hardly n ecessary，hardly in evitable 替换unn ecessary, avoidable17. sth appeals to sb，sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in18. capture one ' s atte替换attract one ' s attention.19. facet，demension，sphere 替换aspect20. be indiicative of ，be suggestive of ，be fearful of 替换indicate，suggest，fear21. give rise to，lead to，result in，trigger 替换cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth23. desire 替换want.24. pour attention into 替换pay attention to25. bear in mind that 替换remember26. enjoy，possess替换have（注意process是过程的意思）27. in teract ion 替换com mun icati on28. frown on sth 替换be against，disagree with sth29. to name only a few，as an example 替换for example，for instanee30. next to / virtually impossible 替换nearly / almost impossible31. believe，claim，maintain，argue，insist，hold the opinion/ belief that 替换thinkthe rapid developme nt of economy/稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's living standardadva need scie nee and tech no logybe faced with new opport un ities and challe ngesthe adva ntages far outweigh the disadva ntages.lead to/ give rise to/ con tribute to/ result ina complicated social phe nomenonsense of resp on sibility/ sense of achieveme nt sense of competiti on and cooperati onwide n on e's horiz on/ broade n on e's visi onacquire kno wledge and skillsfinan cial burde n / psychological burde ntake many factors into acco unt/ con siderati on from ano ther perspective make joi nt efforts be ben eficial / con ducive to…make contributions to the society lay a solid foun dati on for comprehe nsive quality blameless / bey ond reproach be committed / devoted to Admittedly ,un shakable duty satisfy/ meet the n eeds of a reliable source of in formati onvaluable n atural resources 46. 方便快捷 c onvenient and efficie nt 47. 在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life48. 环保(的) environmen tal protect ion / environmen tally frien dly49. 社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updati ng of scie nee and tech no logy51. 对这一问题持有不同态度hold differe nt attitudes towards this issue52. 支持前 /后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latter opinion 53. 有/提供如下理由 /证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidenee 54. 在一定程度上 to some exte nt/ degree / in some way三、常用短语1•经济的快速发展 2•人民生活水平的显著提高 3.先进的科学技术 4•面临新的机遇和挑战5. 人们普遍认为 It is com monly believed/ recog ni zed that6. 社会发展的必然结果7. 引起了广泛的公众关注8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that9. 热烈的讨论/争论 10. 有争议性的问题 11. 完全不同的观点 the in evitable result of social developme nt arouse wide public concern/ draw public atte ntio n a heated discussi on/ debate a con troversial issue 12. 一些人…而另外一些人… 13. 就我而言/就个人而言 14. 就…达到绝对的一致 15. 有充分的理由支持 16. 双方的论点a totally differe nt argume ntSome people …while others … As far as I am concerned , / Pers on ally , reach an absolute consensus on …17. 发挥着日益重要的作用 18. 对…必不可少 19. 正如谚语所说 20. …也不例外 be supported by sound reas ons arguments on both sides play an in creas in gly importa nt role in 21. 对…产生有利/不利的影响 be in dispe nsable to … As the proverb goes : …be no exception exert positive/ n egative effects on22.利远远大于弊 23. 导致，引起24.复杂的社会现象25.责任感/成就感26.竞争与合作精神 27.开阔眼界28.学习知识和技能29. 经济/心理负担 30. 考虑到诸多因素 31. 从另一个角度 32. 做出共同努力33. 对…有益 34. 为社会做贡献 35.打下坚实的基础36. 综合素质 37.无可非议 39.致力于/投身于 40. 应当承认41.不可推卸的义务42. 满足需求43. 可靠的信息源44. 宝贵的自然资源叮叮小文库55. 理论和实践相结合in tegrate theory with practice56. -必然趋势an irresistible trend of …57. 日益激烈的社会竞争the in creas in gly fierce social competiti on58. 眼前禾U益immediate in terest/ short-term in terest59. 长远禾U益in terest in the long run60. -有其自身的优缺点…has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages61. 扬长避短Exploit to the full on e's favorable con diti ons and avoid un favorable ones62. 取其精髓，去其糟粕Take the esse nee and discard the dregs.63. 对…有害do harm to / be harmful to64. 交流思想/情感/信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65. 跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / keep abreast with the latestdevelopment of66. 采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth.67. -的健康发展the healthy development of …68. 有禾U有弊Every coi n has its two sides. No garde n withoutweeds.69. 对…观点因人而异Views on …vary from person to person.70. 重视attach great importa nee to …71. 社会地位social status72. 把时间和精力放在…上focus time and energy on …73. 扩大知识面expa nd on e's scope of kno wledge74. 身心两方面both physically and men tally75. 和…直接/间接相关be directly / indirectlyrelated to …76. 提出折中提议set forth a compromise proposal78. 缓解压力/减轻负担relieve stress/ burden79. 优先考虑… give (top) priority to sth.80. 与…相比compared with …/in comparis on with81. 相反on the con trary.82. 代替replace/ substitute / take the place of83. 经不起推敲cannot bear closer an alysis / cannot hold water84. 提供就业机会offer job opportu nities85. 社会进步的反映mirror of social progress86. 毫无疑问Undoubtedly , / There is no doubt that …87. 增进相互了解enhance/ promote mutual un dersta nding88. 充分利用make full use of / take adva ntage of89. 承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure90. 保障社会的稳定和繁荣guara ntee the stability and prosperity of oursociety91. 更多地强调put more emphasis on …92. 适应社会发展adapt on eself to the developme nt of society93. 实现梦想realize on e's dream/ make on e's dream come true94. 主要理由歹U举如下The main reasons are listed as follows :95. 首先First, Firstly , In the first place , To begin with96. 其次Second, Secon dly, I n the sec ond place, besides, in additi on , additi on ally ,furthermore moreover,97. 最后Fin ally，Last but not the least，Lastly，98. 总而言之All in all ，To sum up，In summary，In a word，99. 我们还有很长的路要走We still have a long way to go.100. 加大了…的可能性in crease the chances of四、谚语1. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。