Fashion,which is as old as time and as new as tomorrow,is one of the most powerful forces in our lives .It influences what we wear,the way we talk,the foods we eat,the way we live,how and where we travel,what we travel,what we look at,and what we listen to.Fashion is what lead us todiscard a product that is still useful but is no longer ―in‖.It is also what makes us sometimes wear more clothes than we may actually need,and sometimes less than is needed to product us from the ccold or the sun.流行是这样一种事物，是我们抛弃了还可以使用，但不再时髦的产品。
有时候使我们穿比我们真正穿的衣服多，有时候比我们穿抵御严寒酷暑的少。
If there is one absolute constant pertaining to fashion,it is the fact that it is always changing-sometimes rapidly,sometimes slowly,but it is never static or dormant.This element of change is recognized in the definitions of fashion itself cited earlier,by the use of such words as ―prevailing‖or ―a given period of time.‖To ignore the element of change is like looking at a still photograph in place of a motion picture.The still tells you what is happening here and now ;the motion picture shows you what came before and what may lie ahead.如果存在着一种符合流行的绝对永恒，那就是流行是永远变化着的这一事实，（这种变化）时快时慢，但绝不会固定下来或呈休止状态。
“Fashion is a social phenomenon which reflects the same continuing change that rides through any given age .‖Change in fashion ,he emphasized,‘correspond with the subtle and often hidden network of forces that operate on society……’“流行是一种社会现象，它反映了任何特定年代同样都要经历的持续变化。
‖他强调说：“流行变迁与那些作用于社会的影响力量所具有的微妙，而又常常是暗藏着的系统是一致的。
”It is only in restrospect that fashion changes seem marked or sudden .Autually ,they come about as a result of a series of gradual shifts from one season to the next.For example ,when women’s skirts began inching up from midcalf in the 1960s,this gradual shortening was not particularly noticeable at first .It was only when skirts moved thigh-high,in the form of minis and micro-minis ,that people took notice of the approaching extreme.Similarly,when men begin to abandon ultrannarrow ties and suit lapels in favor of more and more width,the changs are not noticed at first.只有当追溯过去的时候，流行的变迁才显得特别引人注目或突然，实际上，这些变迁的发生是从一个季节到另一个季节的一系列逐渐变化的结果。
例如，女裙的逐渐变短的时候并没有被注意到，。
…………………………………………………………Color can be the basis for a whole group or line .It is the first element to which consumers respond .People relate personally to color,usually either selecting or rejecting a garment beccause of its ccolor appeal.Therefore,designers must cconsider their customers and provide colors that are both appealing and flattering.色彩是整个款式系列中的基本要素，它是能够引起顾客回应的第一要素。
人们把色彩和个人联系起来，他们往往根据颜色来选择或拒绝一件衣服，因此设计师必须考虑他们的顾客，并且提供出令他们喜爱和满意的色彩，消费群体。
In clothing,neutrals such as beige,tan,brown,white ,gray,and black are even more popular than the ccolors just mentioned.The reason is probably that they present a pleasing background for the wearer without completing for attention. Neutrals are part of every season‖s fashion picture ,as either a strong fashion statement or a way to round out a color story.在服装中，中色调例如灰中色，深褐，褐色，白灰和黑色，甚至还有比刚刚提到的更多的颜色。
原因大概是因为这些中间色调不会因被关注而引发攀比，从而为竞争者提供了一个满意的穿着环境，每季时装系列中都会运用一部分中间色调，不是用以加强时装的表达，便是使色彩系列搭配更趋完善。
The Brewster and Prang therories define red ,yellow,and blue as the three primarries from which all other colors are derived.Mixing yellow and red paints creats orange ;red and blue creat purple ;and blue and yellow creat green—the three secondary colors.Mixtures of primary and secondary colors creat every color in between.布鲁斯特和普朗定义红，黄，蓝为三原色，即所有颜色的起源。
将黄色和红色的颜料混合变成橘黄，红色加蓝色变成紫色，蓝色和黄色变成绿色，三种二次色。
混合原色和二次色将会变成两色之间任何一种颜色。
Monochromatic or tonal color schemes employ varying values and intensities of one hue .(Mono,means one and chroma means hue or color.)The resulting look is very refined .However ,textural,variety is needed to created interest.单色调或同色调的色彩设计方案是在同一色相下变幻同一色彩的明度和纯度（Mono是“一个”“单”的意思，Choroma 是色相或颜色的意思）这种方法会达到极强的效果，构成上的变化要能够使人产生兴趣。
29页Color is interpreted in the medium of fabric.If colors are chosen first,then prints are colored in the desired scheme are solids dyed to match.Sometimes,however,the fabric itself will inspire the color group.色彩以面料为媒介得以体现，先选择颜色，然后按要求的方法去印花和染色，然而有时面料本身就会激发出色彩的组合。
The adaptation of a trend depends on the particular group of people whp are potential consumers. Sources of influence and methods of adaptation vary with the consumers’age range,income level ,lifestyle,and fashion preference.产生影响的来源和采纳（流行）的方法因消费者的年龄层，收入水平，生活方式以及对时装的偏爱而异。
54页It would impossible to ask all consumer what they will want two or three years from now .Therefore,producers and manufacturers must anticipate cconsumer wants and needs .Before they do any designing,manufacturing,or retailing,they undertake market studies to determine who ccurrent or potential customers are,what factors influence their buying decisions,and ultimately what they will want.However,market research,with or without advertising,can only guide.It doesn’t show how to fill consumer wants and needs.我们不可能了解所有的消费者从现在开始的两年或三年内他们打算买什么样的商品。