3. 宾语 ( Object )
常指及物动词或介词后面使之意思完整的词或短语。 常由名词、代词、动词不定式或doing短语等充当。 例如： 1. She has finished doing the experiment. 2. We like English and are good at it.
past thirty years.所发生的事情— 变化）
2. 谓语 ( Predicate )
说明主语“做什么” “是什么” 或 “怎么样”。 通常由动词或动词短语结合时态、语态、语气等充当。 要弄清两个概念： 及物动词：后面直接接宾语的动词； 不及物动词：后面不能直接接宾语的动词。
例如： 1. Children like playing games. 2. They were talking about a new film.
7. 宾语补足语 ( Object Complement )
常指补充说明宾语的成分，逻辑上与宾语是“主谓” 关系。常由形容词、名词、介词短语、动词不定式 或分词短语等充当。
例如： 1. She keeps the house clean every day. 2. Nobody calls me a liar. 3. We last saw him playing on the playground.
02知识梳理
五种基本句型
1. 主语+不及物动词 Everybody smiled. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语 He knows everything. 3. 主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 I showed him my passport. 4. 主语+系动词+表语 The boy looks healthy. 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语 What made you angry?
3. 主语+不及物动词+副词(构成成语动词) The engine broke down. How did the accident come about? The bomb blew up.
4.主语+不及物动词(有被动意思) Is the book selling well? Does this cloth waive )
与系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质特征等。 常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、短语或从句等充当。 英语中常见的连系动词有: look; sound; feel; seem等。 例如： 1. Her grandfather is an engineer. 2. The two countries were at war then. 3. The fact seems that he didn’t notice the car.
5.主语+及物动词+从句 (做宾语) He claimed that he saw the accident. I suggested (that) we (should) leave early. Do you see why I did it? She asked if she might call and see me. I’ll do what I can. I don’t remember when that happened.
5. 定语 ( Attributive )
常指修饰名词的词或短语。 常由形容词、形容词性物主代词、名词、数词、副词、 介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。 例如： 1. The black sweater is mine. 2. We have eight classes every day. 3. The coffee cup on the table is mine.
二 主语+及物动词+宾语
1.主语+及物动词+名词(代词)
Do you know them? He loved ice-cream.
2. 主语+及物动词+反身代词 Now I will introduce myself. They blamed themselves for the accident.
英语的基本句型
01课堂导入
课堂导入
什么叫简单句？
想一下？
有主语!
有谓语!
有形容词!
02知识梳理
1. 主语 ( Subject )
表示句子说的是“什么人” 或 “什么事”。 通常由名词、代词、主语从句或doing短语等充当。 例如： 1. My teacher hates telling lies. （指老师这个人） 2. Great changes have taken place in China in the
祈使句的主语一般都省略掉
一 主语+不及物动词
1.主语+不及物动词 The sun is rising. It will snow. Can you fly?
2.主语+不及物动词+状语 Did you sleep well? She often dreams. You go first and I will follow behind.
3. 主语+及物动词+不定式(做宾语) We can’t afford to pay such a price. You must try to improve. He forgot which way to go.
4.主语+及物动词+doing(做宾语) Would you mind waiting for a few minutes? I prefer standing. I propose resting for half an hour.
6. 状语 ( Adverbial )
常指修饰动词、形容词或副词的成分，修饰动词时 表示动作发生的时间、地点、目的或方式等；修饰 形容词或副词时表示它们的程度等。状语常由副词、 介词短语、动词不定式或分词短语等充当。 例如： 1. The miners work very hard. 2. She often helps Mike at school. 3. Hearing the news, he couldn’t help jumping.