18
'I Have a Dream': The Speech
19
⒈Many Blacks were elected to important offices in States ⒉Many laws were passed to eliminate racial discrimination, and Southern racism was soon in full retreat ⒊There are thousands of black millionaires, not only athletes and entertainers, but also in business and other professions
12
By the 1800s, the southern states had stopped the slave trade, but there were nearly a million slaves on the plantations of the South, and the U.S. Constitution had not changed their status.
→
The U.S. Constitution 1865
14
Slave family picking cotton near Savannah, Georgia, in the early 1860s.
15
→
The dominant whites in most of the South were still finding ways of excluding black citizens from real equality
6
Major ancestries
7
Types of immigrants in terms of time
Early immigrants: settlers in North America before the founding of the United States; mainly from northern and western Europe; whites and blacks; from Protestant countries
3
Racial and ethnicity in the United States
4
Questions for discussion
What are the major ethnicity in America? Can you briefly introduce the Europeans in American? How much do you know about the history of the black people? What is the Civil Rights Movement? What does Hispanics refer to? How much do you know about them? where did the Asian Americans come from? Briefly introduce the history of Native Americans.
Unit 3 American Identity
objectives

Get a general knowledge of the diverse cultures of the Learn the impact of immigration on the American culture Be familiar with the major events of the Civil Rights Understand basic values and beliefs of American Learn some cultural concepts concerning American
Civil War 1861-1865
→
The Emancipation Proclamation 1862 《解除黑 · 人奴隶宣言》
It was then amended to outlaw slavery, and to grant automatic citizenship to any person born in the United States

8
Change in the origin of immigrants over the past three decades More from Latin America and Asia Less from Europe
9




Mainstream culture WASP: White Anglo-Saxon Protestants British influence: religion, language, architectural design, legal system, etc. European influence: religion, music, cookery, philosophy, etc.
13
From 1861 to 1970: Afro-American Taking Part in Polities and Opposition to Discrimination
In order to win the Civil War, they need blacks to join the army President Lincoln signed it and it abolished slavery in the United States.
Civil Rights Movement


Between the late 1950s and the 1960s, the United States witnessed active protests, both non-violent and violent, against racial segregation of all kinds in most of its major cities. During the Kennedy and Johnson administrations, many laws were passed to eliminate racial discrimination, and southern racism was soon in full retreat.
11
From 1619 to 1860: The tragic history of African Americans
When Africans were brought to the American South in the early 1600s, they were initially treated as indentured servants rather than as permanent slaves.

5
Europeans


about three-quarters (67%) of all American citizens are descended wholly and directly from people born in Europe a small number (under 5%, mostly elderly) were themselves born in Europe.
10
Black Americans




Different appellations of the race African, Afro-American; the Colored; Negro; Nigger; Black; African American Demography Once: the largest minority group in US Now: second to Hispanics


Old immigrants: immigrants who arrived in America before 1880s; from northern and western Europe; whites; from Protestant countries New immigrants: between 1880 and 1920; mainly from eastern and southern Europe

21
Latinos / Hispanics （西班牙裔）
Origins In terms of regions: Caribbean, Central and South America In terms of countries: Mexico, Puerto Rico（波多黎哥）, Cuba Demography The largest minority group Illegal immigrants
USA

Movement

people

character
2
A nation of immigrants
There are two good reasons for this. Historically, the country was settled, built, and developed by generations of immigrants and their children. currently, a country taking in more immigrants than any other country in the world.
17
Martin Luther King, Jr.(1929 – 1968)