一、A型选择题：（每题1分，共25分，请在五个备选答案中先一个最佳的）1.护理理论的框架是······················································································（ A ）A.人、健康、环境和护理B.人、健康、疾病和护理C. 人、健康、家庭和护理D. 人、健康、关爱和护理E. 病人、健康、环境和护理2.正确的走姿下述哪项不妥···········································································（D ）A.头正颈直B.两臂前后摆动C.两肩外展放松D.左右脚沿直线小步前进E.行走时以胸带步3.下列属于主观资料是··················································································（D ）A.病人坐立不安B.病人肺部有口罗音C.病人满头大汗D.病人诉：“我的头很疼”E.病人血压下降4.对前来门诊的病人首先应进行····································································（B ）A.安排就诊B.预检分诊C.卫生指导D.安排候诊E.健康教育5.冬季病室内适宜的温度为···········································································（C ）A.16～18℃B.24～26℃C.18～22℃D. 26～28℃E. 50～60℃6.某门诊病人肝功能检查报告中血清转氨酶增高，且病人诉肝区隐痛，乏力，食欲减退等症状，护士应立即给予···························································（ D ）A.安排提前就诊B.转急诊室诊治C.做好心理护理D.将患者转至隔离门诊E.给患者测量T、P、.R、BP7.病人出院前的护理哪项是错误的·································································（ E ）A.通知病人和家属B.家属到出院处办理出院手续C.指导病人用药D.征求病人意见E.床垫、被褥等日光下曝晒2h8.胃切除术后病人采取半坐卧位的目的是······················································（E ）A.减少局部出血B.使静脉回流减少C.减轻肺部瘀血D.减少炎症的扩散E.减轻切口缝合处的张力9.急诊收治了一位神志不清的敌敌畏中毒病人，为了减少毒物吸收，需立即洗胃，护士应为其安置··································································（ D ）A.半坐卧位B. 坐位C.中凹卧位D. 左侧卧位E. 俯卧位10.下列哪项违背无菌技术操作原则·······························································（A ）A. 手持无菌容器时，应托住边缘部分B.取、放无菌持物钳时，将钳端闭合C.打开无菌容器盖时，盖的内面向上放置D.倒取无菌容液时，手不可触及瓶塞的内面E.戴好手套的手不可触及另一手套的内面11.穿脱隔离衣时要避免污染··········································································（D ）A.腰带以上的部位B.袖子的后面C.腰带以下部位D.衣领E.胸前、背后12.下列哪项不符合护理诊断的书写要求………………………………………（ B ）A、诊断明确、书写规范、简单易懂B、一个诊断可针对患者多个健康问题C、护理诊断必须以客观资料作依据D、护理诊断必须是护理措施可以解决的E、列出护理诊断应贯彻整体护理观点13.老年人沐浴最可能发生的意外情况是························································（C ）A.受凉B.烫伤C.滑跌D.低血糖E.晕厥14.褥疮炎性浸润期的主要特点是··································································（C ）A.局部出现红、肿、热B.皮下产生硬结有触痛C.表皮有水泡D.浅层组织感染E.溃疡形成15.病人汪某，男，55岁，左上臂脂肪瘤摘除术后第4天，为其更换上衣的合理步骤是·································································································（ E ）A.先脱左侧后穿右侧B. 先脱左侧后穿左侧C. 先脱右侧后穿左侧D. 先脱左侧后穿右侧E. 先脱右侧后穿右侧16.袖带缠裹太松导致血压值偏高的主要原因是·············································（C ）A.未注气前血管已受压B.血流阻力减少C.有效测量面积变窄D.需用较高压力阻断血流E.大段血管受压17.下列哪一组菜谱适宜作大便隐血试验饮食·················································（C ）A.菠菜、红烧鱼B.油豆腐烧肉C.茭白炒粉丝D.大蒜炒猪肝E.豆腐丝炒肉丝18.为昏迷病人插管至15cm处要将头部托起，其目的是································（A ）A.加大咽喉部通道的弧度B.以免损伤食道粘膜C.减轻病人痛苦D.避免出现恶心E.使喉部肌肉放松便于插入19.静脉痉挛导致输液滴速不畅的处理方法是……………………………………（ E ）A、减慢滴速B、加压输液C、抬高输液瓶D、调整肢体位置E、注射局部热敷20. 列哪项不是长期医嘱（）A、吸氧prnB、病危C、测血压q2hD、安定5mg HSE、雾化吸入Bid21.为防止脑水肿，用冰帽降温时，病人肛温应保持在···································（ C ）A.28℃B.30℃C.33℃D.35℃E.37℃22.测定17－酮类固醇的尿标本中应加入防腐剂·············································（ A ）A.浓盐酸B.甲苯C.稀盐酸D.甲醛E.乙醇23.防止青霉素过敏反应的措施，下述哪项错误·············································（ E ）A. 青霉素现配现用B.对青霉素有过敏史者禁做皮内试验C.用药过程更换药物批号须重做皮试D.停用青霉素3天以上须重做皮试E.过敏试验阳性者应做对照试验24.输血前准备工作中哪项有错······································································（D ）A.作血型鉴定及交叉配血试验B.血液从血库取出后勿剧烈震荡C.须由两个进行三查八对D.如输血量多，可将库血加温以免寒冷刺激E.输血前，先静脉滴注生理盐水25.敌百虫中毒，使用碱性药物洗胃可···························································（D ）A.增加毒物的溶解度B.对心血管和神经系统有抑制作用C.损伤胃粘膜D.生成毒性更强的敌敌畏E.抑制毒物排出体外二、填空题（每格0.5分，共10分）1、Orem的自护理论中设计的三个护理系统为、、。