北宋王希孟《千里江山图》赏析Appreciation of Wang Ximeng's "thousand miles land map" in the Northern Song DynastyThe Northern Song Dynasty Wang Ximeng "Trinidad jiangshantu" volume, Kinumoto green colors, 51.5 cm vertical, horizontal 1191.5 cm, the Imperial Palace Museum in Beijing. Speaking of this masterpiece, we have to mention the pioneering work of Song Huizong's painting education in Northern Song Dynasty - painting, and Wang Ximeng is one of the fruits of this school.The Northern Song Dynasty had three people on the first climax, Fan Zhongyan is the direct management and Qingli education innovation, the local state funded schools; the second is the school of Wang Anshi and Xining and Yuanfeng reform, personnel training and selection on the system; the third is Cai Jing Chongning schools, on the one hand vigorously implement the cultural dictatorship, on the other hand vigorously to cultivate cultural and artistic talents. The painting and Book Studies of the Northern Song Dynasty were established in this context. The art of management is planned and forward-looking. In order to continuously improve imperial art academy and Imperial College were established artistic skill, painting and calligraphy painting and calligraphy is the royal school school, it can not be said to be a very insightful cultural achievements. At the time, and painting andcalligraphy corresponding to the school as well as mathematics and medicine, said "four studies", has formed a considerable scale.In order to improve the comprehensive talent training in painting, the artistic accomplishment of imperial art academypainter in the future, Chongning three years (AD 1104), Song Huizong created a special training school, painting painting, its purpose is to educate the public. This is the palace of fine arts educationinstitutions the earliest history of the ancient, is the only official art school. Painting also attaches great importance to improve students cultural literacy, to their professor "Shuowen" Er "" dialect "and" release "and other basic courses.In order to improve the painting skills and design ability of Zhu Sheng, Hui Zong personally set the topic for examination and enrollment, and often took the poem as the title, asking the students to do their best and daydream unlimited. Especially the "test of painting, in imitation of predecessors, and the modal shape out if natural, high pen rhyme for jane". The picturesque "butterfly dream home thousands of miles, the cuckoo branch last month three", the winner of the idea is painting history "Su Wu of the Han Dynasty, Su Wu shepherd" is a painting. Painting flowers fragrant return on horseshoe "sentence, the winner is painted butterfly tail with horseshoe upside down. Huizong painting idea that rejection is black and white, graphic, which promoted the court painter of literary accomplishment, to elaborate the creation atmosphere.Wang Ximeng was a member of the painting apprentice, scroll the Trinidad jiangshantu "is his only surviving work. By the tail when heleft Prime Minister Cai Jing's book you pushe postscript: "Zheng and three years after April 1st has eighteen years old and was Meng,painting for pupils, called into the forbidden Chinese library, offering hundreds of paintings, not very. On the teaching, then instruct the oracle of the Qinshou, itsmethod. No more than half a year old. For the sake of giving thanksto Beijing, it is only for the people of the world to do so." That Wang Ximeng's birth year for 1096-1115 years? When he was young, he was a student of painting. He was called into the Palace Library after his study. That is the central archives of the Song Dynasty. This department stores the six archives of the officials, households, rites, soldiers, prisoners and workers. However, the painting is worth to try to figure out, in their talents to the imperial art academy,But Wang Ximeng failed to enter the imperial art academy, presumably for two reasons, one: he failed to enter the academy examination; second: the painting "not very" Huizong requirements for painting students isthe most basic form of precision, realism, lack of his realistic skills also brought him adverse effects. Wang Ximeng painting school "graduation" not backward imperial art academy, the "distribution" work only to the library service, the creation of institutions documentlibrary is not court painting, just take account, copy cataloging clerks work. In order to change the destiny, he often only painting presents,Huizong caused concern. Huizong see Wang Ximeng so persistent and wisdom, but can be made of wood, so the professor personally. In Zheng and three years (AD 1113) in April of this year before, the eighteen year old Wang Ximeng to avoid the disadvantages of less work, carefully plotted in the figure, less than half the time it formed such a high head big, visible by his diligence; so large scale, is also to cater to the Huizong "halcyon days" to enjoy the requirements. Little painter full of desire into Yu Danqing, all in silence. Song Huizong received the map, the map is quite commendable, reward to Cai Jing. Then only Cai Jing Tiba, sothat today that WangXimeng is very brief life. Unfortunately, Wang Ximeng is likely tobe overworked or frail and other reasons, twenty years old when he died, the painting is a pity.Full volume, green landscape, green stone mainly used azurite, light rendering high altitude and water, at the foot of the mountain and theair show from the background, Dayton was sunny feeling, the scene of a composition is open, take perspective with traditional scattered, its composition belongs to the northern landscape painting series, with a slight downward angle transverse panoramic mountain flood, grand. Comparison of the volume and mass as Huizong's "snow Jiang GUI Zhao mountain map" volume modeling, "Trinidad jiangshantu" volume composition is the volume up, left and right extension. Each paragraph combines the main peaks with many auxiliary peaks, and many of them are a complete vertical picture of a large landscape. The painter of mountains and vastmajestic Taihang Mountain Jianghuai area the water potential and the twists and turns of the Gulf Stream integrated overview map: the surging, like the black dragon rolling; rivers flowing, like ping Jingying day. Map types in the pavilion pavilion and Bridge pavilion, villages, monasteries and other buildings and ships are very rich, combined with the natural landscape organically, form the visual focus, such as the Long bridge lying wave, Luan Song academy, Shanwu, Songtao Reservoir, willow leaf, fishing, Gaotai, Mochizuki Lin Xi Cao Ge, pincha Bo boat etc.. The activities of the characters mostly around the surface, with white embellishment, is quite distinct, such as Pingjiang, Du Tingbridge view flow, boat waves, river Shangyu hidden, the Northern Song Dynasty painter Guo Xi feasible, is expected to travel in the realm of.The painter's Apprentice directly from Huizong's realistic ideas, traditional methods with specific color cannot do without the Tang Dynasty Li Sixun, Li Zhaodao and his son, but previous to some elegant, slightly exposed by the painter Guo Xipo stone painting influence dyeing without place, such as cirrus cracked, chapped faces, showing theartistic function of landscape painting was the mainstream style.Unfortunately, the painter's artistic language is single, lack of power lines outline, thin line of weakness,Perhaps this is a reflection of his weak body. As the painter's life experience is limited, if the ship is full of cargo, the draft is very shallow, but the activities of the people are still lacking in organization. However, xiabuyanyu, this is a eighteen year old boy atthe beginning, after him, almost none of the green landscape painting style and reach extraordinary height.。