天津师范大学考试试卷2013 —2014学年第二学期期末考试答题纸（A 卷）科目：英美概况学院：外院专业： 2013 级英语副辅修班级：姓名：学号：American’s role in the two World WarsAbstract:American experienced two world wars.Through two world wars American’s ecomomic，political have taken place great changes.Established the position in the international stage .The eassy discuss the time,development,result of two world wars and research the American’s role in the two world wars.Keyword: world ward；American；role1.Introduction1.1The significance of topicThe eassy talk about the two world wars’ cause,development and the results.Thinking American’s role in two world wars.Researching the internationalsituation changes and Americ an’s state in the international changes.1.2Research MethodThe main methods for the study are reading the relevant literature and querying the relevant information and combing with introduces the contents of the book.On the basis of this analysis and research,some history understanding are to be summarized.Put some context of myself.2.American and World War I2.1The cause of World War IWorld War I broke out in july 1914.The war was launch between two groups of imperialist powers,Allies and the Central European Power.The basic cause of the war lay in the political,economic and colonial rivalries of the great powers,stretching back into the late 19th century.First were the economic rivalries.Most of the European power competed the foreign market.The most serious economic rivalry taken place between Britian and Germany because of the latter’s rapidly developed of industrialization in the later 19th century and Germany’s industrial scale had beyond britian’s capacity and took the first place in economy in Europe by the 20th century.Economic rivalries brought colonial disputes.They were redividing the world according to their economic strength and the competition was restricted to Britain and Germany.The immediate cause of the War was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria at Sarajevo,Serbia on june 28,1914.It was use as an excuse for declared war on Serbia by Austria.2.2American in World War IWhen the war began,American just to observe strict neutrality until 1917 Wilson was leading the country into the war.In general,there were there reasons for the us to join the war so late.First,America’s traditional distrust of standing armies,the military power was too slight to join the war.Although the navy was strong,the air force was slight can only national defense.Then the national Security League andthe National Defense Act were passed between 1914 and 1916,which doubled the standing army,recorganized the National Guard,and provided for the military training of officers.A series bills was passed,the navy was expand.Second,it was the American financial and industrial commitment to the Allied cause.The American hold Allied powers’ bonds and stocks through sold war material to them.In order to prevented paper become worthless the Amerian have to join the war.Finally, the Germany’s submarine campaign against merchant ships helped the amerian turning the neutral opinion to against Germany.2.3the impact between war and AmericanIn the war,the navy was playing a decisive part .By the close of the war,American naval vessels,mostly destroyers and submarine chasers,wre in service in European water.In the meanwhile,the American’s air force was made huge improve.As American entered the war the Allues began to act on the offensive and finally victoried.3 American and WWII3.1 The cause of World War IIThe Great Depression serve a pavement for World War II.It was a major factor in bring about Nazism and World War II. World War II finally erupted in 1939,as a result of German aggression.3.2 American in World War IIBefore World War II,Congress passed three Neutrality Acts which prohibited the sale of munitions and the lending of money to the nations at war.TheAmerica -n explicated his neutrality state in the coming war by isolationist policy.At the beginning of World War II,the Congress repealed the arms embargo and substituted a “cash-and-carry” policy.This policy still seemed neutral but it was to the advantage of England.In 1940,when Franklin Roosevelt tried for a third term as President while the World War II was comprehensive fired.When the US was taking action to support the Allies,Japan attacked the US naval base at Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7,1941.This made America formally plunge into the war.3.3 The conferences during World War IIDuring World War II,navy was not the only power .Because of the the number of plane was increase,the air force played an important part,the availability of aircraft made frequent meeting possible between the leaders of the Allied countries.Those meeting is important for the war. Roosevelt and Churchill maooed out plans for the flighting against Japan until her unconditional surrender.The conference in Teheran on Nov.28,1943,was the first meeting at which Roosevelt,Stalinand Churchill were all present.And the Yalta Conference in Feb. 1945,developed and adopted the official charter of the United Nations Organization which was conclude 50 nations.The sharp contrast to the case after World War I,the US Senate,after a brif debate,ratified the UN Charter on July 18,1945.3.3 the impact of World War II to AmericaAs far as I am consider,there are four impact the World War II to America.First of all,the World War II improved the international status in the United States, became the world's leading powers of capitalism.Western Europe and Japan had to stick after the war. war Second benefit from the World War II,the U.S. economy is strong, has the world's most abundant gold reserves, dominated by the capitalist world monetary system, the bretton woods system.Third during the war the America established the dominance of dominant the establishment of a new international order, the Yalta system after the war.The United Nations was founded early manipulation by the United States..Last ,the American has the world's most powerful military force.The most powerful, conventional weapons are set up more than 500 military bases around the world.And it has a monopoly on the atomic bomb.4. ConclusionBefore the first world war, the United States is not strong.The army is only a total of 8000 people, but the navy is already the world's third is its main battle effectiveness.Early war on arms trade to make money quickly, and expansion of the army, the army's strength is also improved.Because the U.S hold a lot of the Allies’ stocks and bonds in order to prevent the Allies defeated, maintenance period of self-interest.1The United States took part in the war at the end of the first worldwar.Thus the army began to increase,.six months after the end of world war I, the United States grow into the world's big powers, but the influence is still unable to compare with the western powers.However, in the second world war the United States arms industry was very complete and continue to rely on arms industry to make money, use the plight of the expander arms trade, arms in the world market demand for more stimulus.The development of the industrial powers of military industry, the world currency inflows and scientific and technological personnel to join the United States economic development of the catalyst, nationalist sentiment in the United States are inspired after 1941, the United States using the accumulation of a large number of dollars into war bonds arms production, war double-digit economic growth, the rich human resources and material resources allow us to power delivery in Europe and the Pacific, the war in 1945, the United States economy into the saturation state, the United States at a cost of $2 billion and a group of scientists are likely to fail the atomic plan is a good one, at the end of the war with the United States has control of the world, almost the Marshall plan the implementation of the control of the Europe and the United States, the United States became the first world powersReference：1.Xu Luzhi.，《Understanding the US and the UK》，Qingdao：China oceanpress，2012：70-832.Glenn p.Hastedt:American Foreign policy:past,present,future[monograph]Upper Saddler River,N.J. Prentice Hall,c2000.。