line
•Passion + Execution = Fast and Lasting Results
Six Sigma - Goal
s
•Process •Capability
•(Distribution Shifted ±1.5s)
•PPM
•2 •308,537
•3 •66,807
•4 •6,210
•Special cause variation •Common cause variation
•20
•0 •0
•Original zone of process control
•Chronic Waste •(an opportunity •for improvement)
•Improvemen t
•99.99966 %
•Long-term
A Problem Solving Methodology
•.... To Produce
•Reduced Variation In Our Processes / Products •Improved Rolled Throughput Yield, Defects Per Unit, &
•Levels of Analysis:
•1. We only use experience, not data. •2. We collect data, but just look at the numbers. •3. We group the data so as to form charts and graphs. •4. We use census data with descriptive statistics. •5. We use sample data with descriptive statistics. •6. We use sample data with inferential statistics.
•ENG •PURCH.
•MAINT.
•MFG..
•As long as there is a process that produces an output whether it is •a manufactured product, data, an invoice, etc... we can apply the Six Sigma
Deming’s Contribution to Profitability
•QUALITY
•-Better products & services •-Improved pCheck
•PRODUCT QUALITY
•-Reduce scrap •-Increase product life •-Eliminate incoming testing
such characteristics as defects-per-unit, parts-per million defective, and the probability of a failure/error
•Six Sigma corresponds to parts per billion if process is centered
•Control
•Time •Lessons Learned
•New zone of process control
Crosby
Crosby taught:
• Customer requirement is performance standard
• Quality maturity is a journey • Preventive action as basic approach
•Upper Specification Limit
What Are the Limits to Improvement?
•Basic Tools Wall
•Design Wall
•Clean Sheet
•Design for Six Sigma (DFSS)
•Basic Quality Tools
business?
Overview-Four Quality Gurus
Historically companies have focused on quality issues for customer satisfaction
Prior to six sigma there were four key quality gurus that most companies’ quality programs followed Deming Juran Crosby Taguchi
•5
•233
•6
•3.4 •Defects per • Million Opp.
•Sigma is a statistical unit of measure that reflects process capability. The sigma scale of measure is perfectly correlated to
•Region of •Customer •Complaints
•Co st
•Region •of
•Questionable •Performance
•Lower Specification Limit
•Nominal Value
•Region •of
•Questionable •Performance
SixSigma培训讲义
Outline
Quality level What is Six sigma? Why we need Six sigma? Development and Deployment strategy How Six sigma merges into our daily
Six Sigma?
Six Sigma is not a business fad tied to a single method or strategy, but rather a flexible system for improved business leadership and performance.
It is not about theory, it’s about action.
Six Sigma Focus
Delighting the customer through flawless execution
Rapid breakthrough improvement Advanced breakthrough tools that work Positive and deep culture change Real financial results that impact the bottom
Change
•“People do not resist change, people
resist being changed.”
•
Beckhard
•“It is not the strongest that survive, nor the fittest,
•but those •most able to adapt to change.”
•LSL
•USL
•T •LSL’
•USL’
• Breakthrough
• Customer Focused - Both Internally & Externally
Which Business Function Needs It?
•SERVICE
•DESIGN
•ADMIN. •QA
•6 Sigma •Methods
Taguchi
Taguchi taught:
u Cost of poor quality is loss to society as a whole
u Robust quality is designed for consistent production
u Design control is more important than production control
Defects Per Million Opportunity •Reduced Cost of Poor Quality (COPQ) •Improved Capacity and Productivity
•$$’s
The Strategy
•LSL
•USL •T
•LSL
•USL •T
• Characterize • Optimize
•
Charles Darwin
•
The Origin of Species
Challenge
Resistance-the universal reaction to change.
Technical resistance Political resistance Organizational resistance Individual resistance
•PROCESS QUALITY
•-Reduce rework •-Eliminate in-process inspection
•CUSTOMER •SATISFACTION
•-Compete with value
•MARKET •SHARE
•EXTERNAL •INTERNAL
•PRICE
•-Compete with Price
Juran’s Contribution
•Cost of Poor Quality
•(Percent of operating costs) •Production Begins