5.ruin n. 废墟；毁灭
例句：我们看到了那座教堂的废墟。 We saw the ruins of the church.
Vt. 毁灭；使破坏 暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。 The storm ruined the crops.
in ruins 荒芜的,成为废墟 一般用作表语或状语
lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
② 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。 Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. injury n. 损害；伤害 injured adj. 受伤的
7. destroy vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭
① 这场火灾毁坏了整个森林。 The fire destroyed the whole forest.
rescue workers = rescuers n. come / go to one’s rescue来援救某人
We _c_a_m__e_t_o_h_i_s_r_e_s_c_u_e （来救他）and pulled him out of the lake.
10. trap
Vt. 使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 be trapped in 被困于
22.表示许多的短语及用法 只接可数名词的有：a large/great number of
a good/great many
只接不可数名词的有：a great deal of a large amount of
既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词的有： a lot of，lots of，plenty of ，a large/great quantity of
The hunter set a trap to catch foxes.
11.dig out 掘出；发现
① 他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。 They dug out an old vase.
② 我设法探出真相。 I tried to dig out the truth.
dig into 挖掘 dig up 找出；查明
例句：他们被困于着火的楼里。 They are trapped in the burning building.
trap sb. into （doing） sth. 诱使某人做某事 例句：警察设圈套使他招供。
The police trapped him into a confession . n. 圈套 设圈套，设陷阱 set a trap
② 飞机坠毁起火了.
The plane crashed and burst into flames.
③ 他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来/唱起来. All of them burst out laughing/crying /singing. =All of them burst into laughter/tears/songs.
8. bury
vt. 埋葬; 葬 The boy buried the dead bird in the backyard. 男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。
vt. 使沉浸（或专心于） be buried in…= bury oneself in…埋头于; 专心于
be buried in thought 沉思 bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习
爆裂；爆发
burst in/into a door/ room /building 突然进入门/
房间/大楼 burst into sth. = burst out doing 突然…起来
① 他没有敲门就突然进入房间.
He burst into the room without knocking at the door.
vt. 使震惊 使震动 be shocked at 对……感到震惊
• People w_e_r_e_s_h_o_c_k_e_d (shock).
• 我们对这个消息感到震惊。
We __w_e_r_e__s_h_o_c_k__e_d_a__t _ the news.
The news is __s_h_o_c_k_i_n_g__(shock)
burst out +v-ing :suddenly begin doing sth
扩展: burst into leaf burs into flower
长出叶子 开花
n. a burst of ...一阵... a burst of laughter /thunder /applause(欢呼）
② 他所有的希望都破灭了。 All his hopes were destroyed.
The storm _d_e_s_tr_o_y_e_d_ buildings and crops. （毁灭）
8 .shock n. 休克；震惊；打击
例句：他的突然去世对他的家庭来说是个沉重 的打击。
His sudden death was a great shock to his family.
seen a ghost.
2)陈述语气,时态一致 （是事实或可能性很大） ② 看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气) It looks as if it`s going to rain．
4. at an end= finished 结束，终结（作表语）
★ We were very happy when the work was at an end. Compare: at the end of
3. as if = as though 好像…
① It seemed as if the world was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。
② She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我
似的。
as if 后的从句可用两种语气 1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）▲
Unit 4
Words and Expressions
1.right away 立刻；马上
例句：警察马上就要来了。 The police will be here right away.
at once 立刻；diately adv. 立刻；马上
2. burst vi. (burst---burst---burst)
come to an end 结束
end up with
以….而告终
① The job came to an end last month. ② 她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。
Her sudden arrival put an end to their meeting.
③ 在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道 是水果。 At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.
与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去式 与过去事实相反，从句要用完成式
① 当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it
looks as if it were broken．
② 他吓得直打哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。 He was shaking with fright as if he had
表示情感的动词 excite, surprise, interest, bore, move, shock, disappoint, satisfy, (惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动， 失望 ，满意） 变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加ed (指人）
9. rescue n. 搭救；解救;营救
The rescue team reached the mines at once after the accident happened. v. 解救；救出；营救 He rescued the man from drowning.
by the end of in the end
★at the end of “在…尽头；在…末”
★by the end of “到/截止……末”；主句一般用完成 时
★in the end 意思“最后、终于”= at last/ finally
① Wash your hands _a_t__th_e__e_n_d_o_f____ the experiment.
知识回顾 Knowledge Review
② How many English words had you learned _b_y_t_h_e_e_n_d__o_f_ last term?
③ He tried various jobs and i_n__th_e__e_n_d became a teacher.
其他词组：
bring/put an end to 使终止
An earthquake left the whole town in ruins. His career is in ruins .
6. injure vt. 损害；伤害
① 他打篮球时膝盖受伤了。 He injured his knee when ( he was) playing basketball.