Principles of Comminution
粉碎原理
Because most minerals are finely disseminated and intimately associated with the gangue, they must be initially “unlocked” or “liberated” before separation can be undertaken.
因为大多数矿物细浸染和煤矸石紧密联系在一起,他们必须首先“解锁”或“解放”之前可以进行分离。
This is achieved by comminution, in which the particle size of the ore is progressively reduced until the clean particles of mineral can be separated by such methods as are available.
这是通过粉碎,矿石的粒度逐渐减少,直到干净的矿物颗粒可以分离等方法是可用的。
Comminution in its earliest stages is carried out in order to make the fresh excavated material easier to handle by scrapers, conveyors, and ore carriers, and in the case of quarry products, to produce material of controlled particle size.
粉碎在最初阶段是为了使新鲜出土材料更容易处理由刮刀,输送机,和矿石运营商和采石场的产品,生产材料的粒度控制。
Crushing is accomplished by compression of the ore against rigid surfaces, or by impact against surfaces in a rigidly constrained motion path.
矿石的破碎是通过压缩对刚性表面,或在严格受限的运动路径对表面的影响。
This is contrasted with grinding which is accomplished by abrasion and impact of the ore by the free motion of unconnected media such as rods, balls or pebbles.
这是是通过与磨磨损和影响矿石的自由运动的独立媒体如棒、球或鹅卵石。
Tumbling mills with either steel rods or balls, or sized ore as the grinding media, are used in the last stages of comminution.
暴跌钢厂用钢棒或球,或大小的矿石研磨介质,用于粉碎的最后阶段。
Grinding is usually performed “wet” to provide a slurry feed to the concentration process, although dry grinding has limited application.
磨削通常是执行“湿”提供泥浆浓度过程,虽然干磨应用有限。
There is an overlapping size area where it is possible to crush or grind the ore. It has been concluded by Steane that it is cheaper to grind, and that crushing should be carried no further than is necessary to provide suitable feed for the grinding mills.
有一个重叠的区域大小可以粉碎或磨矿。
它是由Steane磨更便宜,而破碎应不超过是必要提供适合磨的饲料。
Most minerals are crystalline materials in which the atoms are regularly arranged in three-dimensional arrays.
大多数矿物晶体材料的原子通常安排在三维数组。
The configuration of atoms is determined by the size and types of physical and chemical bonds holding them together.
原子的配置是由物理和化学的大小和类型债券持有在一起。
In the crystalline lattice of minerals, these interatomic bonds are effective only over small distances, and can be broken if extended by a tensile stress.
晶体点阵的矿物质,这些原子间债券有效只有在小的距离,和如果延长一拉应力是可以打破的。
Such stresses may be generated by tensile or compressive loading (Fig. 5.1).
这种压力可能产生的拉伸或压缩加载(图5.1)
disseminate v. 浸染；散步；传播
intimately ad. 紧密地，亲密地
progressively ad. 逐渐地，累积地
excavate v. 挖掘，开凿
scraper n. 刮板，铲运机；橡皮擦
conveyor n. 运输机（器）
contrast v. n. 比较，对照
abrasion n. 研磨，冲蚀，擦除
slurry n. 矿浆，砂浆
overlapping a. 重叠的，交错的
array n. 阵列v. 排列，布置
configuration n. 构造，排列，形状
tensile stress 拉伸应力
crack n. 裂缝
flaw n. 裂隙；v. 使破裂
propagation n. 扩散，传播
feasible a. 可能的，可行的，适宜的
taconite, taconyte n. 铁隧岩
surfactant n. 表面活性剂
attrition n. 磨碎，磨损
discern v. 鉴别；认识
projection n. 突出（部），投射（物）
corrugate v. 使成波纹，弄破
ore carrier 矿车
quarry a.. 采石；采石场
rigid a. 刚性的，硬的；严格的
constrained 限定的
tumbling a. 转筒式，滚式
site n. 地点；位置；工地，现场
additive n. 添加剂
energetically ad. 在能量方面，有力地
relieve v. 释放
distort v. 变形，改变形状。