第二讲英语新闻标题特点一、标题的结构主题（headline）+辅题(sub-headline/subhead)1. 主题：揭示新闻最主要的、读者最关心的核心问题。

2. 辅题：1）引题：眉题、肩题：突出说明新闻事件的背景、原因、结果、新闻来源等内容。

置于主题上方2）副题：子题、次题：对主题进行补充、解释和印证。

置于主题下方例1：Draft Law Business groups say move to ban discrimination on basis of race, gender and disability is bureaucratic threat to freeenterpriseSouth Africa National Assembly backs“equality bill”(Jan.27, 2000 Financial Times)例2：Spent fuel shipments Germany to lift ban on transport ofN-waste(Jan.27, 2000 Financial Times)例3：July 13, 2011 China DailyCNOOC’s new oil spill in Bohai Bay Control system failure at oilfield blamed for third leak since June例4：March 6-7, 2010 China DailyPledge to narrow gap welcomedAddressing social divide takes govtpriority二、标题的类型1. 陈述式例: 1) Girls Die in Blaze2) Taiwan Recognizes Mainland Currency2. 设问式例：1)Oil Price to Rise?2) Korea Unity in Five Years?3) Murder on Campus: Can It Be Averted?3. 引语式例：1)“We Have to Save Our People”2) UN Chief: Talks Here “Positive”三、标题的语言特点1. 简练（Briefness）例：1）Starstruck (Time)2) Battle for Brains (Financial Times) 2. 直白（plainness）例：1)Taiwan Recognizes Mainland Currency (South China Morning Post)2)Girls Die in Blaze3. 缩略词(abbreviation)例：1)EU’S Future: The Vision and the Slog2) University Entry Hard for Would-be Vets3) Put the Sci Back in Sci-fi4) Euroland5) Euromat4. 省略(omission)（省去虚词，如冠词和动词to be, 介词、连词、助动词和代词、有时实义词、主句）例：1）Woman Kills Husband, Self=(A) Woman Kills (Her) Husband (and) (Her) Self2) No Survivors in Gulf Air Crash=(There Are) No Survivors in (the) Gulf Air Crash3) Have Dollars, Will Sell=(If You) Have Dollars, (They) Will Sell4）U.S. ATTACKEDHijacked Jets Destroyed Twin Towers and Hit Pentagon in Day of Terror =U.S. (WAS) ATTACKED5) China ‘biggest victim’of cyber attacks=China (is) (the) ‘biggest victim’of cyber attacks6) Mao: We Should Support Third WorldCountries=Mao (Says) (That) We Should Support (the) Third World Countries5. 名词短语(noun phrase)例：1)Shotgun Death Riddle Drama2) Zoo Escape Drama3)Global Probe of Bomb Suspect6. 时态及语态(tense & voice)1）常用现在时例：①13 Die as Crowded Van Crosses M4②Longevity Star Dies at 1102) 动词不定式表将来时例：①Peking to Fire Test Rocket to South Pacific②Japan to help elderly jobless3)被动语态--突出强调事件或动作的接受者比较：①500 Reported Killed in S. Korean Building Collapse②Collapse Claims 500 Lives in S. Korea例：①Girl of 18 Raped after Threat withBread Knife②Father Jailed for Murder of Daughter =Father Is Jailed for the Murder of His Daughter7. 标题常用小词美国语言学家H.L.门肯指出：“大量使用短词”是标题语言的“突出特点”（distinguishing mark）.如：①Quake Death Toll May Top 2000 =The Death Toll in the Earthquake May Exceed 2000②New Groups Boost Hi-Tech Research =New Groups Promote High Technology Research③Baker, Japan Visit Off, Arms Issue Hot=Baker’s Japan Visit is off and the Military Weapons Issue is HotMore words like:如：四、标题的修辞特点“Journalism is literature in a hurry.”—英国著名诗人马修·阿诺德1. 仿拟(parody)例：1)Emergency response: A tale of two disasters2) Candidate in the windHow a wavering Hillary Rodham Clinton finally decided to declare3)To Save or Not to Save2. 头韵(alliteration)例：1）Soldiers Salary Soars2）South Africa: Groping for Growth 3. 尾韵(end rhyme)例：1)Hope of the Weak and the Meek2) Can Defense Pain Be Turned to Gain?4. 谐音例：Thatcher’s Style Wars(=star wars的谐音，为讽刺性俏皮话)5. 双关(pun)例：1)No Bill, No Bell.2)Royal Ballet Keeps Fans on Their Toes 6. 比喻(metaphor)例：1)Senior, a gold mine of wisdom2) A House in Two PartsNotes: Hugh MacLennan’s novel Two Solitudes written in 1945. Two Solitudes examines the tensions felt between French and English speaking Canadians after WWI. The novel’s plot evolves around the life and times of the fictional character Paul Tallard and this character's struggles in reconciling the differences between his English and French Canadian identities. 7. 借代(metonymy)例：1）Israel Tests Washington’s Tolerance 2）White House3) Whitehall4）Elysee5）Evan6）John Bull8. 委婉语(euphemism)例：Bringing Light to the Needy hairdresser: beauticiangardener: landscaper9. 矛盾修辞法(oxymoron)例：Asian-American Success Real But Bitter-sweet10. 对偶(antithesis)例：New Blood, Ancient Wounds.11. 拟人(personification)例：1)Courage Knows No Gender2)Silent Walk Speaks of Hope for Peace五、标题的文化知识例：1）He’s SmartHe’s Not NiceHe’s SavingBig BlueLou Gerstner isn’t easy to love, but you have to respect him. He’s done the job no one wanted better than anyone expected. But will he finish it and restore growth and glory at IBM?1997年4月14日出版的美国《财富》杂志上刊登了卢·格斯特纳的巨幅照片，旁边有这样一个标题：The Holy Terror Who’s Saving IBM (正在拯救IBM的家伙)副标题为Lou Gerstner: Will he finish the job? (卢·格斯特纳能完成使命吗？)2)Doing Business The Dot-Com Way 《财富》杂志2000年3月的封面文章是一篇介绍网络公司职业道德的文章，封面上用了这句话。