Rebecca Rebecca Becky
Victoria Victoria Vicki
Catherine Catherine Kate
7.2 英美姓名的起源 / Origins
1. Place Identity (some names indicate where the person come from)
7.3 称谓 / Title
Nowadays in England people usually call each other by their first name. employers often call their employees by their first name and it is often the case, although not quite so common, for employees to address their employer by the first name. In formal meetings, however, first names are less likely to be used. In less formal settings it is usual for people meeting for the first time to use first names straightaway, regardless of any difference in age or status.
When talking to people we have the choice between using their first name, “Hi, John”, or their surname preceded by a title “Good morning, Mr. Smith.” the first is usually friendly and informal, the second more formal and respectful. To use the last name alone, “Hey, Smith” is regarded nowadays as neither friendly nor respectful, although it used to be acceptable between male friends earlier this century.
Mr., Mrs., Miss, and Ms. are not usually used alone, adults do not say “Excuse me, Mr.”, for example, although children can sometimes be heard addressing strangers in this way. Children also often address schoolmistresses simply as “Miss” without adding their surnames and regardless of whether they are single or married.
First names
Last name
e.g.
Anthony John
Ward
Note: most English people have 3 names, among which people have two given names.
People usually use the first of the given names, unless they dislike it and prefer the middle one to the first one.
e.g. Arthur Alexandar War Arthur War Alexander War
Parents have to be careful about the name for their children because the combination of the initial letters of the names may accidentally spell a word which has a negative meaning.
Irish: O’e.g. O’Patrick O’Neil O’Brien
Watkins (the kin of Watt) Thomas (Tom’s)
4. Nicknames (expressing some personal characteristics)
e.g. Long Little Moody Fox Brown Young Rich Newman (a newcomer to the area)
William William Bill
Robert Robert Bob
Elizabeth Elizabeth Bess / Becky
Andrew Andrew Andy
David David Dave
Stephen Stephen Steve
Christopher Christopher Chris
跨文化交际学
第七章 英美姓名及称谓之文化含义
7.1 英美姓名的构成 / Naming Names 7.2 英美姓名的起源 / Origins 7.3 称谓 / Title 7.4 亲属称谓 / Kin Terms
7.1 Naming Names
Given names
Surname
Christian names Family name
e.g. Norman Moor Hall Chesterfield Wood
2. Occupation e.g.
Cook Chandler Clark Turner Thatcher Cooper Fowler Archer Barber
Forester Taylor Smith Butler Carter Mason Chamberlain Glover Farmer Baker Fisher
e.g. “Can I help you, madam?”
There are also one or two general titles which do the work of first names such as ‘Mack’, ‘Buddy’ (both American English), and ‘mate’ (British and Australian English) as in ‘Got light, mate?’ like first names these are used when one is being casual. Like first names these are used when one is being casual.
Shortened form of a given name is commonly used among friends and colleagues.
e.g. Alexander
Alexander Alec Anthony
Anthony Tony Michael
Michael Mike
e.g. John Smith “Hi, John” / “Good morning, Mr. Smith.” / “Hey, Smith”
The most frequently used titles used before surnames are Mr., Mrs. (for a married woman), Miss (for an unmarried woman) and Ms. (for both married and unmarried woman).
Sitting opposite him is a Chinese passenger. They introduce themselves to each other…
British tourist: Hello, I’m Eric Jackson. Glad to meet you.
Chinese passenger: Hello, my name is Liu Xin. I’m glad to meet you, too. Where do you come from, Mr. Eric?
e.g. Andrew Simon Smith
1. Nichola Ann Green 2. William Patrick Wills 3. Fiona Alice Tanner 4. John Peter Hill 5. Michael Adam Davis 6. Holly Rowan Hillman 7. Peter Ewan Steven Thompson 8. Graham Adam Yiend
Sir Paul (or Sir Paul McCartney) Being indicated by adding the initials of the
award e.g. the “Order of the British Empiபைடு நூலகம்e”
Mr. Arthur Scott, OBE
Case 1 A British tourist is traveling by train in China.
Inherited Titles (Noble titles) Lord + surname / My lord
E.g. ‘My lords, ladies and gentlemen’ Sir (knighthood given by the Queen) + 1st
name e.g. Paul McCartney
3. Family Relationship Identity