1．学会分析议论文的论证思路。
2．学会分析议论文中的长难句，并积累高频词，为写作打下良好的基础。
3．将议论文的论证方法、论证结构迁移到开放作文写作中去。
常言道：“得阅读者得天下”。
试看2007-2012年北京高考阅读理解部分，从A 篇至E 篇，文章的体裁分布：课的学习，让大家领会议论文的论证思路。
同时议论文往往存在大量的长难句，这对大家的语言功底是一个严峻的考验。
希望大家通过本节课的学习，能够提高自己的议论文阅读能力。
同时，希望大家能够把本节课学习的东西，迁移到开放作文写作中去。
议论文一：经济类As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around①The 19th century saw land grants(政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land.②In much of the West, some of the railroad sections满分必备攻略命题人怎么想高考考什么were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented uniquechallenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.③Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21th century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.④So let's remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.1. Whatwastheproblemcausedbytheconstructionoftherailways?A. Smalltownsalongtherailwaysbecameabandoned.B. Somerailroadstopsremainedunderused.C. LandintheWestwashardtomanage.D. Landgrantswentintoprivatehands.2. Whatisthemajorconcerninthedevelopmentofalternativeenergyaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A. Thetransmissionofpower.B. Theuseofmoneyandpower.C. Theconservationofsolarenergy.D. Theselectionofanidealplace.3. Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsbuildingsolarplants?A. Cautious.B. Approving.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.4. Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A. HowtheRailwaysHaveAffectedtheWestB. HowSolarEnergyCouldReshapetheWestC.HowtheEffectsofPowerPlantsCanBeReducedD.HowtheProblemsoftheHighwaysHaveBeenSettled答案：CBAB长难句分析与作文迁移：①The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.（定语从句）对于太阳能发电站和即将铺设并用以传电的电线而言，情况同样如此。
翻译：对于毕业生和即将毕业的在校学生而言，情况同样如此。
_________________________________________________________②The 19th century saw land grants(政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads,leaving public land in between privately owned land.（过去分词作后置定语+现在分词作结果状语）在19世纪，政府拨地给铁路公司用以建造横贯大陆的铁路，让公有土地成为大片私有用地，使其处于四分五裂的状态。
（注意The 19th century saw的表达，see表示“见证”）翻译：在2008年，政府筹集了大量资金提供给在地震中失去家园与亲人的灾民们，帮助他们重建家园。
_________________________________________________________③With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stopsand developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died. （定语从句）随着州际公路系统的完工，许多作为铁路车站涌现并发展良好的小镇，失去了原动力并消失殆尽。
（注意with the completion of的表达，表示“随着……”）翻译：随着春天的到来，沉睡了整个冬天的动物们渐渐醒来并开始寻找食物。
_________________________________________________________④The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyondthe immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.比起发电厂和输电线路覆盖区的影响，在谈判交易中保留的资金和控制款项的部门将对西部产生更大的影响。