阅读理解阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

(一)(2018·贵州中考)Toothpaste(牙膏) does more than just keep our teeth bright and white. It can be used wisely in many other ways. Here are some useful tips that can save us time and money. If you follow them, you will have a fresh smell of using toothpaste!1.What does the passage mainly tell us about?A．How to buy the toothpaste.B．How to choose the toothpaste.C．How to use toothpaste wisely.D．How to sell the toothpaste.2．How many ways can you save your time and money by using toothpaste? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.3．If there is some smell of fish on your hands, what can you do?A．Wash your hands with soap.B．Wash your hands with toothpaste.C．Eat some onions.D．Brush your teeth with toothpaste.4．The passage doesn't tell us that ．A．toothpaste can clean a dirty mirrorB．toothpaste can remove the food smellC．toothpaste can make your ring become new againD．toothpaste can remove fish smell5．Where can we probably find the passage?A．In a science magazine.B．In an amusement magazine.C．In a history book.D．In a math book.(二)(2018·广西北部湾中考)Once there was a famine(饥荒)．A rich cook sent for twenty of the poorest children in the town and said to them, “In this basket there is a piece of bread for each of you.Take it and come back to me every day at this hour formore.”In a hurry the hungry children got together around the basket, and fought over the bread because each wanted the largest piece. At last they went away without even thanking the good cook. Mary, a poorly-dressed girl, did not fight with the other children, but stood quietly in distance.When the badly-behaved children had left, Mary took the smallest piece, which was all left in the basket. She kissed the cook's hand and went home.The next day the children were as badly-behaved as before. Mary got a piece of bread almost half the size of the one she got the first day. When she came home, her mother cut the bread open. Many new, shining pieces of silver fell out of it.Her mother was very worried, and said, “Take the money back to the co ok at once.The silver must have fallen into the dough(面团) by accident. Hurry up, Mary！” When the little girl gave the rich man her mother's message, he said, “It was no mistake. I had the silver pieces put into the smallest bread for you as a prize. Always be as satisfied, peaceable and thankful as you now are. Go home now, and tell your mother that the money is yours.”1．What did Mary do while the others fought over the bread?A．She stood quietly in distance.B．She fought over the bread.C．She went home.D．She sent for her mother.2．How did the girl express her thanks to the cook?A．She left quietly without a word.B．She kissed the cook's hand.C．She gave money to the cook.D．She behaved as badly as the other children.3．Why did the cook put the silver pieces into the bread?A．Because he wanted to give them to the poorest child.B．Because Mary's mother was very worried.C．Because he wanted to give them to Mary as a prize.D．Because Mary's family was poor.4．What do you think of Mary's mother?A．She was very rich. B．She was peaceable.C．She was foolish. D．She was very honest.5．What is the passage mainly about?A．Some pieces of bread. B．Some pieces of silver.C．A good girl. D．A rich cook.(三)(2018·四川广安中考)People read books less often in these days. With the invention of radio, television and most recently, the Internet and computer games, it seems that reading books is no longer a popular activity. However, I believe that books are an important part of our lives.Books offer an outstanding wealth of learning and at a cheaper price than taking a course. Books can make people cleverer, because heavy readers have greater knowledge of how things work and who or what people were.Everything in today's society requires reading. Imagine trying to do something assimple as reading the directions on a medicine bottle without good reading skills. Someone could not understand them and become very sick or even die.Even something as simple as walking or driving through the city could become very dangerous without enough reading. Sometimes, you must be able to understand what is written and explain the meaning of them.Some people say that reading is a waste of time and we can do better things with our time. Even if we don't read books, we still read every day, and reading books can strengthen(加强) our abilities. Reading is one of the greatest things we can do in our spare time.With a book, you can travel anywhere you want, do anything you want, and talk to anyone you want. Reading is very important in our lives, no matter your age. So I think people should read books.1．What activity is less popular these days than before?A．Reading a book.B．Listening to the radio.C．Watching TV.D．Surfing the Internet.2．We can learn from the second paragraph that ．A．reading can improve your memoryB．reading can make you interesting and attractiveC．reading can make you smarterD．reading can reduce stress3．The underlined word “them” in the third paragraph refers to ．A．the books they are readingB．the directions on a medicine bottleC．the good reading skillsD．the words a doctor tells a sick person4．Some people disagree to read books because they think . A．walking in the city also needs reading skillsB．driving along the road is dangerousC．reading books is very helpful for our abilitiesD．reading books just wastes their time5．The best title of the passage can be ．A．People Should Enjoy ThemselvesB．How We Improve Reading SkillsC．Why People Should Read BooksD．What We Love Doing in Spare Time(四)(2018·陕西中考)Last month, a common graduation ceremony(毕业典礼) was held in Tianjin University, but it received much attention. Xue Minxiu, born in 1937, graduated with excellent grades after working hard for 4 years.Going to a university has always been a dream for Xue. But for some reasons, she didn't have the chance when she was young. Even so, she never forgot her dream. In 2014, she was accepted by Tianjin University and finally her dream came true. Since then, Xue has been a model for the people around her. She got up at 5 o'clock every morning. Then she studied for a while before brushing teeth and having breakfast.Her room was filled with books and newspapers. Wherever she went, she would take books with her.In fact, for her age, Xue had many difficulties during the four years. But nothing could stop her. Whenever she had problems, she would either solve them by herself or ask teachers for help. Through her hard work, she passed the exams and was named “a star student” during the first period of her college life.“I think the true meaning of our lives is to challenge(挑战) and improve ourselves whether we are old or young. Xue said at the graduation ceremony.“For me, learning something I enjoy is a lifelong journey. I want to thank Tianjin University for giving me the chance to achieve my dream. Our lifetime is short, so we should make good use of it.”1．At the age of ，Xue was accepted by Tianjin University.A．77B．85 C．81D．732．With the help of ，Xue solved her problems in study.A．her family and friendsB．her teachers and herselfC．her teachers and classmatesD．her classmates and herself3．What is the best title(标题) for the passage?A．A Graduation CeremonyB．A Hard-working Old LadyC．A Difficult ExaminationD．A University in Tianjin4．Where do you think the passage may come from?A．A science report.B．A travel book.C．A newspaper.D．An advertisement.(五)(2018·山东临沂中考)What was discovered by accident? The answer is penicillin(青霉素). It kills germs. By killing germs, it saves lives. Suppose you are sick. You go to a doctor. She examines you. She says you have a “staph” infection(葡萄球菌感染). She gives you some medicine. You take it. The medicine knocks out the staph. Soon you are well. Before penicillin, this would not happen. Staph was almost sure death.Everyone wanted a medicine. Laboratories worked day and night. They grew the staph in small dishes. Then they tried to kill it. Nothing worked.The laboratory dishes had covers on them. They kept things from falling into dishes. Molds(霉菌) were a big worry. They are always in the air. You can't see them.They're too small. There are thousands of different molds. Molds can make an experiment(实验) fail. That's why dishes are covered.Dr. Alexander Fleming was working to kill the staph germ. He worked for years. One day he took a cover off a dish. He looked inside. There was a thick growth of staph germ. There was also some mold. Then he saw something strange. Where the mold was, there was no growth of staph. This is what Fleming probably thought. “Byaccident, I found a mold to kill the dreaded staph.”This is how penicillin was found. But here's the real miracle(奇迹). There are thousands of kinds of molds. But only one kind can kill staph. The mold must have fallen into the dish a few days before. The cover was probably off only a few seconds(秒). In those few seconds the right mold fell into the right dish. Another man might have thrown the dish away. But Fleming was very careful and smart. He understood what the mold did. How lucky the humans were!1．During the experiments to find a medicine for staph infections, ．A．the dishes were not coveredB．staph and mold were put togetherC．mold was kept in small dishesD．staph was grown in small dishes2．The word “dreaded” means “”．A．famous B．scaryC．health D．endangered3．The last paragraph suggests that ．A．accidents happen to everyoneB．the careful person does not have accidentsC．the careless person will miss valuable chancesD．luck is enough when doing scientific experiments4．Most of this passage is written by ．A．telling an unusual storyB．showing the results of experimentsC．offering some reasonsD．giving some advice5．This passage is mainly about ．A．medicine for a staph infectionB．useful accidentsC．Dr. Fleming's researchD．discovering penicillin(六)(2018·江西中考)A young woman turns around and around quickly, and jumps high. In the background, a young girl reads a rejection(拒绝) letter from a ballet school. “You have the wrong body for ballet” it says, “and at thirteen, you are too old.” This was one of the most popular advertisements(广告) of 2014 and it describes American ballet Theater's principal(主要的) dancer Misty Copeland.This was not a real letter. But Copeland says it is very similar to letters from her childhood. While many dancers start at the age of three. Copeland only began to study ballet in 1995 as a thirteen-year-old. People often told her that she was too old, or that she didn't have the perfect body type (She is only 157 cm tall). Her family moved a lot, and it was sometimes difficult for her to attend ballet classes. But Copeland loved dancing and did not want to give up. She stayed with her ballet teacher during the week and spent time with her family only at the weekend. This was a difficult life, but she worked hard and won her first national competition when she was fourteen years old. Copeland joined the American Ballet Theater in 2000 and performed in many ballets over the next few years. In 2007, she became a solo(单独的) performer, and in 2015 she became its principal dancer.Copeland is now a dancer, author and Broadway performer. She also stars in the 2015 film A Ballerina's Tale. So what's next? According to Copeland, anything is possible: “My career(职业) really is just now beginning.”1．How old was Copeland when she became the principal dancer?A．13.B．14. C．25.D．33.2．Why was it difficult for Copeland to attend ballet classes?A．Because her family moved a lot.B．Because she was not a good dancer.C．Because she had no invitation letter.D．Because she had the wrong body type.3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Copeland became successful because of the advertisement.B．Copeland had to spend a lot of time away from her parents.C．Copeland won her first national competition as a solo performer. D．Copeland has ended up her career as an actress on Broadway.4．What's the writer's opinion of Copeland?A．Copeland sets an example who never gives up.B．Copeland was too old to start ballet at thirteen.C．Copeland has made her achievements by accident.D．Copeland was lucky to get support from the ballet school.(七)(2018·江苏宿迁中考)Where can you learn about the cultural relics(文物) of our country? You may visit museums or read books, but now a CCTV show may give you a more fun way to learn about them.The show is called National Treasure. It has 10 episodes(集). It shows 27 treasures from 9 museums across China. In order to make ancient culture relics come alive, the show uses different ways to explain the story history and culture behind them.Although it's a show about old relics, it looks modern and technical(技术的). An IMAX-sized LED screen on the stage shows the treasures in detail.The treasures are presented(呈现) by national treasure keepers(守护者), both famous people and common people. Instead of just telling the stories and history behind the treasures, the show invites famous actors to be national treasures keepers. And they act out this stories on the stage. The actors even use the funny words to make their performances interesting and alive. For example, on the show, actor Wang Kai played Emperor Qianlong. TV viewers loved his performances.While telling the stories behind the treasures, national treasure keepers also tell their own stories. For example, an old man named Qiu Qingnian is good at making natural paints for repairing ancient paintings. For many years he has been looking for mines(矿) deep inside mountains. On the TV program, he shows TV viewers how to make natural paints.The show has become widely popular with its interesting plots(情节), good performances and funny words. It has promoted(推广) ancient cultural relics and hasencouraged more people to visit museums.1．The show National Treasure was produced to ．A．look for national treasure keepersB．make ancient cultural relics come aliveC．show the modern technologyD．invite some famous actors to act out2．From the passage, we can learn something about the show National Treasure except ．A．actors good performancesB．the stories with interesting plotsC．Qiu Qingnian's minesD．the history and culture behind3．What column(专栏) in a magazine might the passage come from? A．Health. B．History and culture.C．Sports. D．Science and technology.4．The writer's main purpose of writing the passage is .A．to tell us what national treasure keepers doB．to explain why National Treasure is popularC．to teach us the ways of making natural paintsD．to introduce the TV show National Treasure(八)(2018·江苏南京中考)Beijing Opera is the most representative of all Chinese traditionaldramatic art forms and the largest Chinese opera form. Having a history ofabout 200 years, it is developed from absorbing(吸收) many other dramatic forms, mostly from the local drama…Huiban‟，which was popular in South China during the 18th century. It is a scenic(戏剧的) art integrating music, performance, literature, aria, and face painting.Theatrical art forms in many other countries do not present singing, dancing and spoken parts in one single drama. An opera singer, for example, neither dances nor speaks on stage; there are no singing or dancing parts in a modern play; in a dance drama, the dancer has no speaking role and does not sing either. Traditional Chinese drama, including Beijing Opera, is a kind of entertainment which includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.In addition to its presence in China, Beijing Opera has spread to many other places. Mei Lanfang, one of the most famous performers(表演者) of all time, was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners and made highly successful tours to foreign countries.“You will be puzzled(困惑) all the way through and a little bored from time to time; but you will be charmed and interested. You will be strongly attracted to Beijing Opera even if you know nothing of the dramatic background.” This is how one American traveler described his first experience in watching Beijing Opera.Beijing Opera is China's national opera and it is full of Chinese cultural traditions. Welcome to China and enjoy Beijing Opera!1．What makes Beijing Opera different from theatrical art forms in many other countries?A．It has one opera singer on stage.B．It has one dancer who has no speaking role.C．It has already spread to many other countries.D．It includes spoken parts, singing, dancing and acrobatics.2．People think Mei Lanfang played an important role in the spread of Beijing Opera because ．A．he made many tours to a foreign countryB．he was a famous Beijing Opera performerC．he was the first to introduce Beijing Opera to foreignersD．he made Beijing Opera different from other theatrical art forms.3．From Paragraph 4 we know that the American traveler .A．felt bored all the wayB．thought highly of Beijing OperaC．found Beijing Opera interesting at firstD．knew the background of Beijing Opera4．What does the underlined word “it” mean in the passage?A．Beijing Opera. B．Local drama.C．An opera singer. D．A modern play.(九)(2018·湖北宜昌中考)Is there an important exam right around the corner? You might be starting to fear, thinking that there's no way for you to get a good gradebecause of the little time left to study. This is something all students may worry about.But you should accept the fact that you have to take the exam no matter how much you want to avoid it.Thankfully, there are several ways to help you get at least a passing grade. You may have a try.Get yourself together.This might sound like silly advice, but it's actually the most important. When you fear, you may lose control over your thoughts and actions even if you try to study, perhaps you won't get anything in your head.Enjoy enough sleep.It's unbelievable many students have little sleep each night. That's not something to be proud of, especially if you're sleeping so little and still failing to do all the things. Sleep isn't for the weak, but for the wise. Your brain needs enough rest. After a good night's sleep, you'll perform much better in the morning.Don't fear.Once the test paper is in front of you don't be afraid. Take a deep breath and start the exam with confidence(信心). Just like when you were reviewing, put away the problems you're having difficulty in and come back to them later. If you have time left, go over everything to make sure you haven't made any careless mistakes.1．In the writer's opinion, whenever there's an important exam, ．A．students might experience a period of fearB．students will have little time to worryC．students should try everything possible to avoid itD．students have to ask teachers for more help2．The writer describes “get yourself together” as silly advice because ．A．it won't influence your thoughtsB．it is one of the common sensesC．it is not the most important suggestionD．it won't help you get anything in your head3．Enough sleep before an important exam is ．A．the pride of the weakB．not something to be proud ofC．not necessary for the wiseD．a way to avoid failing in exams4．When you meet with difficult problems in the exam, you can ．A．give them up and take a deep breathB．think hard and review them once againC．put them away first and come back laterD．just trust yourself and look through the paper5．According to the passage, you may get at least the passing grade if ．A．you fear nothingB．you follow the writer's adviceC．the problems are not difficultD．the preparation time lasts longer(十)(2017·北京中考)Buying Is Doing?How important is shopping to you? How much time do you spend buying things? And how much time do you spend organizing these things in your home? In the future，how much time will you spend in movie theaters, at amusement parks, at shopping malls, or at convenience stores? When you add it all up，you will probably see you spend a lot of your life consuming(消费) things.Consuming products is not necessarily bad.However, if we spend too much time doing it, we should look at it carefully.Imagine that you have a week off from school.You don't have to go toclass.However, in this week, you cannot spend any money—no shopping，no movies，no eating out.How would you spend your time? What things would bring you happiness? Perhaps you would take a walk with your best friend.Perhaps you would help a child read.Or you might spend time with your family.When we look back，it is likely that non-consuming experiences like these will be our most important memories.Why? Non-consuming activities are active, not passive.They don't come in a package.You make the experience yourself.For example, each person who reads to a child will have a different experience.The experience changes with the reader, the child, and the book. Similarly, when you have a conversation with a friend，you are actively creating an experience.The conversation that you have with your friend cannot be experienced or recreated by anyone else.However，if you watch a movie with a friend，you will each have apackaged experience.It requires no action and little interaction between the two of you.The environment we live in encourages us to have packaged experiences.We feel that we must consume because we believe that buying is doing.However, we can start a personal revolution(变革) against consumerism.How? By consuming less.We can ask ourselves what experiences bring us the greatest satisfaction.Then we can organize our lives so that we have more of those kinds of experiences.1．If consuming products takes too much time, we should .A．spend less moneyB．think about it carefullyC．organize our thingsD．go to convenience stores2．According to the passage, the writer believes that .A．we can say no to consumerism by consuming lessB．buying things can bring us the greatest satisfactionC．the environment seldom influences our shopping choicesD．consuming experiences will be our most important memories3．What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage?A．To introduce some ways of enjoying our spare time.B．To encourage people to have more active experiences.C．To explain reasons behind people's shopping behavior.D．To share his personal experience in consuming products.(十一)(2017·浙江丽水中考)Think of a simple object—a piece of chalk, for example. Are you remembering its name, its shape, its color or its size? Are you remembering what it is used for, or the sound it makes when the teacher writes on the blackboard? Scientists say that memory includes different parts of the brain, such as language and the ability of sense.They believe that you begin to create a memory when you notice something with your senses.Then，messages are sent to different brain cells, which join together to form connections. A new connection goes into your short-term memory.It is stored there for about 30 seconds, and then it is either lost or stored in your long-term memory.Having a good memory means making lots of connections and storing them in your long-term memory.To do this, you need to keep your brain in good shape.Eat plenty of brain food such as fish oil, fruit and ughter also makes your brain more active.Also，don't forget to exercise.So do some sports or just move around a lot in the house.Finally, get plenty of sleep.This will make your memories grow stronger.When you want to remember new information, you must pay special e your senses—sight, smell, hearing and touch—and keep repeating the information.To do well in your exams this year，turn off the TV，silence your mobile，and review your work regularly.To remember something special, use your imagination to create visual(视觉的) connections.For example, you need to take a pencil, an eraser, your ID card and chips to your next exam.Imagine the ID card as the body of an animal，the pencil its long neck, and the eraser its head.Your animal。