（一）核物理基本概念元素element粒子particle离子ion分子molecule原子atom原子的atomic原子核nucleus (pl. nuclei)核的nuclear质子proton中子neutron电子electron核子nucleon化学性质chemical identity带正电的positively charged带负电的negatively charged不带电的uncharged电中性的electrically neutral（元素）周期表periodic table原子序数atomic number质量数mass number轨道电子orbital electron同位素isotope天然存在的naturally occurring人工的artificial化学键chemical bond化合物compound上标superscript下标subscript氧oxygen氢，氕hydrogen重氢，氘heavy hydrogen, deuterium 重氢核，氘核deuterion超重氢，氚tritium碳carbon氦helium放射性的radioactive加权平均weighted mean质量mass动量momentum能量energy单位，机组unit 国际单位制System International, SI 千克kilogram (kg)伏特volt (V)摩尔mole (mol)库仑coulomb电子伏特electron-volt (eV)兆电子伏特mega electron-volt (MeV) 质量亏损mass defect结合能binding energy动能kinetic energy势能potential, potential energy 跃迁jump核力nuclear force排斥repulsion吸引attraction轰击bombardment发射（出）emission (n.), emit (v.)能级energy level裂变fission聚变fusion衰变decay钡barium硼boron铋bismuth铀uranium钚plutonium钍thorium锂lithium钠sodium核反应nuclear reaction链式反应chain reaction辐射，射线radiation超铀元素transuranium element可裂变的fissionable易裂变的fissile碎片fragment宏观的macroscopic微观的microscopic介观的mesoscopic激发excite静电的electrostatic库仑力Coulomb force电磁辐射electromagnetic radiation（二）放射性宇宙射线cosmic ray电离ionization韧致辐射bremsstrahlung(brakingradiation)辐射，射线radiation正比于be proportional to 反比于be inversely proportional to 根据经验as a rule of thumbα射线alpha rayβ射线beta rayγ射线gamma ray带电粒子charged particle 光子photon散射scattering衍射diffraction折射deflection碰撞collision铝aluminum铍beryllium氦helium相互作用interaction摄入ingest吸入inhale动能kinetic energy势能potential (energy)量子quantum屏蔽shielding正电子positron加速器accelerator放射性radioactivity湮灭annihilation光电效应photoelectric effect （三）核反应衰减attenuation放大amplification镉cadmium钴cobalt氧oxygen氮nitrogen汞mercury弹性的elastic非弹性的inelastic宏观截面macroscopic cross section 微观截面microscopic cross section 靶恩barn 反冲，反作用recoil平均自由程mean free path转变，转化transmutation扩散diffusion中子扩散neutron diffusion斐克扩散定律Fick’s law of diffusion 通量flux中微子neutrino放射性同位素radioisotope半衰期half-life热核反应堆thermonuclear reactor 化合价valence（四）核材料燃料fuel 燃料芯块fuel pellet慢化剂moderator冷却剂coolant包壳cladding控制棒control rod硼酸boric acid铬chromium铪hafnium钆gadolinium铟indium镁magnesium镍nickel锆zirconium硅silicon重水heavy water石墨graphite碳化物carbide氧化物oxide氧化oxidize二氧化物dioxide二氧化碳carbon dioxide碳氢化合物hydrocarbon密度density热导率，传热系数thermal conductivity比热specific heat粘性viscosity饱和saturation热力性质，热物性thermodynamic property 反应性reactivity升华sublime中子俘获截面neutron capture crosssection散射截面scattering cross section 辐照损伤radiation damage肿胀swelling燃耗burnup合金alloy镁诺克斯合金Magnox锆合金zircaloy金属间化合物inter-metallic compound 裂变产物fission product裂变碎片fission fragment腐蚀产物corrosion product可燃毒物burnable poison冷轧cold pressing烧结sintering开裂crack蠕变creep增殖材料fertile material增殖比breeding ratio浓缩铀enriched uranium高温气冷堆High TemperatureGas-cooled Reactor(HTGR)（中子）通量展平flux-shaping（五）核反应堆理论自持的链式反应self-sustaining chainreaction燃料循环fuel cycle临界(a) critical次临界(a) subcritical超临界(a) supercritical临界(n) criticality临界尺寸critical size共振resonance弹性散射碰撞elastic scattering collision 热中子利用系数thermal utilization factor 慢化slow down热中子thermal neutron 快中子fast neutron六氟化物hexafluoride六氟化铀uranium hexafluoride离心工艺centrifuge process气体扩散工艺gaseous diffusion process 换料(v) refuel快中子增殖反应堆，快堆Fast BreedingReactor (FBR)堆芯，活性区core再生区blanket半透膜semi-permeable membrane 旋转spin (过去分词：spun)贫铀depleted uranium热中子反应堆，热堆thermal reactor快堆fast reactor倍增系数multiplication factor（十）压水反应堆压水反应堆，压水堆Pressurized WaterReactor (PWR)蒸汽发生器steam generator一次侧primary side二次侧secondary side发电机electrical generator,generator燃料芯块fuel pellet包壳cladding堆芯core给水泵feed(water) pump反应堆（压力）容器reactor vessel, pressurevessel硼酸boric acid化学补偿控制chemical shim control 堆坑reactor pit气密的airtight封头head接管，喷嘴nozzle点火区seed再生区blanket用户，业主，业界utility卖主，供应商vendor, supplier制造商manufacturer多重屏障multiple barriers纵深防御defense in depth冗余性redundancy多样性diversity独立性independence包容contain美国机械工程师协会American Society ofMechanical Engineer(ASME)美国核学会American Nuclear Society (ANS) 安全级safety class失效failure安全功能safety function裕度margin 反应堆冷却剂系统Reactor Coolant System(RCS)在役检查inservice inspection汽水分离器moisture separator干燥器steam dryer堆内构件reactor internals反应堆冷却剂泵，主泵reactor coolantpump (RCP), mainpump稳压器pressurizer波动管surge line剖视图sectional view控制棒control rod控制棒组件Control ElementAssembly (CEA)控制棒驱动机构Control Element DriveMechanism (CEDM)控制棒导向管Control Rod GuideTube (CRGT)上部支撑板upper support plate燃料组件fuel assembly进口接管inlet nozzle出口接管outlet nozzle堆芯吊篮core barrel可燃吸收体burnable absorber管侧tube side壳侧shell side蒸汽管线steam line一次冷却剂primary coolant主蒸汽main steam反应性引入reactivity insertion浓度concentration参考负荷reference load冷却剂平均温度coolant averagetemperature稀释dilution裂变产物fission product积累buildup反应堆调节系统Reactor RegulatingSystem (RRS)（程序）整定值programmed value峰值线释热率peak linear heat rate轴向功率分布axial power distribution 方位角azimuthal（中子通量）方位角偏差azimuthal tilt偏离泡核沸腾Departure fromNucleate Boiling (DNB) 偏离泡核沸腾比Departure fromNucleate Boiling Ratio(DNBR)堆内测量系统In-Core Detector System(ICDS)自给能中子探测器Self-Powered NeutronDetector (SPND)信号调理signal conditioning反应堆紧急停堆reactor trip汽机脱扣turbine trip可靠性reliability规范，法规code燃耗burnup（十一）反应堆容器与堆内构件环锻件ring-forging锻造forge锻件forging监视surveillance样品，试样specimen安装mount奥氏体的austenitic不锈钢stainless steel法兰flange热电偶thermocouple零延性转变温度nil-ductility transitiontemperature (T NDT)注量率fluence集成中子通量NVT=Total IntegratedNeutron Flux = IntegratedFlux = Fluence = Neutrondensity ⨯ Velocity ⨯ Time【unit】：[n/m3⋅m/s⋅s]=[n/m2]旁通，支路bypass磷phosphorous硫sulfur = sulphur焊weld临界值，限值threshold（机）接合，啮合，对位engage凸缘，凸起部，轮毂boss逐渐变细的tapered圆顶dome围板shroud（十二）反应堆堆芯与燃料可燃吸收棒burnable absorber rod 蠕变creep栅格lattice中子源neutron source阻力塞plug反应性价值reactivity worth比功率specific power锑antimony镉cadmium锎californium 铟indium陶瓷（状）的ceramic （机）间隙clearance污染contaminate 栅格架；电网；网格grid因科镍inconel固有安全性inherent safety 非能动安全passive safety 能动安全active safety套管，套筒sleeve定位格架spacer grid星形架，蜘蛛spider乏燃料spent fuel（十三）压水堆冷却剂系统主要设备U形管蒸汽发生器U-tube steam generator 核供汽系统Nuclear Steam SupplySystem (NSSS)一次系统primary system二次系统secondary system主蒸汽main steam汽轮机，透平机械turbine给水与凝汽系统feed and condensate system 热管段，热腿hot leg冷管段，冷腿cold leg堵管裕量tube plugging margin在 情况下in the event of换热器heat exchanger (HX)节热器，省煤器economizer给水feedwater一次进口水室inlet plenum一次进口接管primary inlet nozzle一次出口水室outlet plenum一次出口接管primary outlet nozzle管板tubesheet喷放；（SG）排污blowdown上升段riser下降段downcomer满功率full power (FP)额定功率rated power 额定负荷rated load化学和容积控制系统Chemical and VolumeControl System (CVCS) 加热，升温heatup冷却，降温cooldown喷淋管线spray line辅助喷淋管线auxiliary spray line上充泵charging pump上充charge下泄letdown水位water level, level备用的backup过压保护overpressure protection 安全壳内换料水箱In-containmentRefueling Water StorageTank (IRWST)换料水箱Refueling Water StorageTank (RWST)安全阀safety valve卸压阀relief valve全厂断电station blackout (SBO) （蒸汽）干度quality空泡份额void fraction热冲击thermal shock急冷，骤冷quench（十四）压水堆系统与安全壳裂变碎片fission fragment轻水反应堆Light Water Reactor(LWR)热机thermal engine原动机prime mover焓enthalpy熵entropy反馈feedback热力学第二定律second law of thermo-dynamics最终热阱ultimate sink一（次）回路primary loop二（次）回路secondary loop核电厂配套子项Balance of Plant (BOP) 一次压力边界primary pressureboundary隔离阀isolation valve失效failure故障fault, malfuction卡诺效率Carnot efficiency热机效率engine efficiency高温热源，热库hot reservoir低温热源cold reservoir摩擦friction余热排出系统Residual Heat-RemovalSystem (RHRS)换料(n) refueling应急堆芯冷却系统Emergency Core-Cooling System (ECCS) 补水与排水feed and bleed专设安全设施Engineered Safety Feature(ESF)设备冷却水系统Component CoolingSystem止回阀non-return valve蓄压箱accumulator电动阀motor-driven valve气动阀pneumatic valve 安注泵safety injection pump安全壳containment钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforcedconcrete英制压力单位psi = pounds per squareinch英制压力单位（表压）psig = pounds persquare inch gauge环形的annular潜热latent heat显热sensible heat氢氧化物hydroxide氢氧化钠sodium hydroxide苛性钠，氢氧化钠caustic启动startup飞射物，导弹missile蒸汽管线steamline安全壳地坑containment sump（十五）蒸汽轮机飞轮flywheel叶片，叶栅blade, bucket, vane 功work冲动式汽轮机impulse turbine反动式汽轮机reaction turbine冲动级impulse stage反动级reaction stage反动度degree of reaction 渐缩的converging渐扩的diverging喷嘴，接管nozzle 被称为⋯⋯be referred to as缸体，箱体casing推力thrust拉金lashing除湿moisture removal节流阀stop-throttle valve扭矩torque每秒⋯转rev/s = revolutions persecond每分钟⋯转rpm = revolutions perminute（十六）主蒸汽、给水与凝汽系统汽轮发电机turbine generator汽动给水泵turbine driven feedwaterpump蒸汽排放steam dump汽水分离再热器Moisture SeperatorReheater (MSR)密封蒸汽系统gland steam system 限流器flow restrictor主蒸汽隔离阀main steam isolation valve 机组unit负荷load主蒸汽集管main steam header给水联箱feedwater header给水回热循环regenerative feed heatingcycle磨损wear污垢，结垢fouling装量inventory蒸汽（旁路）排放steam dump冷凝器排放condenser steam dump 大气排放atmospheric steam dump 除氧器排放deoxidizer steam dump 电缆electric cable辅助给水系统auxiliary feedwatersystem压差differential pressure,pressure differential,pressure difference增压泵booster pump增压boost pressure吸入口suction凝汽器condenser 凝汽器热阱condenser hotwell给水流量调节阀feed regulating valve 给水调节旁通阀feed regulating bypassvalve疏水drain阶跃变化step change线性（斜坡）变化ramp change溢流阀overflow valve工艺汽process steam紧急停堆trip; scram停堆shutdown停堆，停堆期outrage手动地manually自动地automatically质量流率mass flow rate关断阀shutoff valve（美国）联邦管理法规CFR = Code ofFederal Regulations 凝结液condensate水头，压头head汽机脱扣（甩负荷）turbine trip（十七）核电厂运行工艺热process heat公用电网utility grid基础负荷运行base load operation退役的out of service运行因子operation factor负荷因子load factor使用因子，运行因子service factor可利用因子availability技术规范technical specification稳压器汽空间建立draw a pressure steambubble未能紧急停堆的预计瞬变AnticipatedTransient Without Scram(ATWS)未能紧急停堆的预计瞬变AnticipatedTransient Without Trip(ATWT)失电loss of power失流loss of flow辅助喷淋auxiliary spray采样sampling（美国）核管会Nuclear RegulatoryCommission (NRC)负荷跟踪load following（十八）辐射危害与屏蔽屏蔽shielding 核辐射nuclear radiation发射，发出emit剂量dose剂量率dose rate保健物理health physics天然本底辐射natural background radiation 轰击bombardment地壳the earth’s crust（放射性）坠尘fallout职业照射occupational exposure放射性流出物radioactive effluent幸存者survivor辐射防护radiological protection国际辐射防护委员会InternationalCommission on RadiologicalProtection (ICRP)合理可行尽量低As Low As ReasonablyAchievable (ALARA)希弗Sivert 急性的acute慢性的delayed辐射病radiation sickness吸入inhalation摄入ingestion食物链food chain权重因子weighting factor活化产物activation product生物屏蔽biological shield氡radon氪krypton钋polonium钾potassium铋bismuth稀有气体noble gas残骸debris征兆symptom谱spectrum (pl. spectra)（十九）核安全核安全nuclear safety过热overheating裂变速率fission rate缓发中子delayed neutron瞬发中子prompt neutron后果consequence破裂rupture置信度confidence负温度系数negative temperaturecoefficient事故accident堆年reactor-year快堆fast reactor热堆thermal reactor失效安全fail safe三哩岛事故Three Mile Island accident(TMI accident)切尔诺贝利事故Chernobyl accident设计基准事故Design Basis Accident (DBA) 严重事故severe accident熔融meltdown多普勒展宽Doppler broadening反应性引入事故Reactivity InsertionAccident (RIA)冷却剂丧失事故，失水事故Loss-Of-Coolant Accident(LOCA)自动保护系统Automatic Protective System(APS)居里（活度单位）Curie瞬发临界prompt critical蒸汽发生器传热管破裂Steam GeneratorTube Rapture (SGTR)确定性安全分析deterministic safetyanalysis概率安全分析Probabilistic SafetyAssessment (PSA)d d reaction d d反应d d reactor d d反应器d t fuel cycle d t燃料循环d t reactor d t反应堆daily fuel consumption 燃料日消耗量dalitz pair 达立兹对damage 损伤damage criteria 危害判断准则damp 湿气damp proof 防潮的damped oscillations 阻尼震荡damped vibration 阻尼震荡damped wave 阻尼波damper 减震器damping 衰减的damping factor 衰减系数danger coefficient 危险系数danger dose 危险剂量danger range 危险距离danger signal 危险信号dark current 暗电流dark current pulse 暗电瘤冲data 数据data acquisition and processing system 数据获得和处理系统data base 数据库data communication 数据通信data processing 数据处理data reduction equipment 数据简化设备dating 测定年代daughter 蜕变产物daughter atom 子体原子daughter element 子体元素daughter nucleus 子体核daughter nuclide 子体核素davidite 铈铀钛铁矿dc 直流dc amplifier 直僚大器dc generator 直立电机dc motor 直羚动机dc voltage 直羚压de broglie equation 德布罗意方程de broglie frequency 德布罗意频率de broglie relation 德布罗意方程de broglie wave 德布罗意波de broglie wavelength 德布罗意波长de excitation 去激发de exemption 去免除deactivation 去活化dead ash 死灰尘dead band 不灵敏区dead space 死区dead time 失灵时间dead time correction 死时间校正deaerate 除气deaeration 除气deaerator 除气器空气分离器deaquation 脱水debris 碎片debris activity 碎片放射性debuncher 散束器debye radius 德拜半径debye scherrer method 德拜谢乐法debye temperature 德拜温度decade counter tube 十进计数管decade counting circuit 十进制计数电路decade counting tube 十进管decade scaler 十进位定标器decagram 十克decalescence 相变吸热decalescent point 金属突然吸热温度decan 去掉外壳decanning 去包壳decanning plant 去包壳装置decantation 倾析decanter 倾析器decanting vessel 倾析器decarburization 脱碳decascaler 十进制定标器decatron 十进计数管decay 衰减decay coefficient 衰变常数decay constant 衰变常数decay factor 衰变常数decay heat 衰变热decay heat removal system 衰变热去除系统decay kinematics 衰变运动学decay out 完全衰变decay period 冷却周期decay power 衰减功率decay rate 衰变速度decay series 放射系decay storage 衰变贮存decay table 衰变表decay time 衰变时间decelerate 减速deceleration 减速decigram 分克decimeter wave 分米波decladding 去包壳decladding plant 去包壳装置decommissioning 退役decompose 分解decomposition 化学分解decomposition temperature 分解温度decontaminability 可去污性decontamination 净化decontamination area 去污区decontamination factor 去污因子decontamination index 去污指数decontamination plant 去污装置decontamination reagent 去污试剂decontamination room 去污室decoupled band 分离带decoupling 去耦解开decrease 衰减decrement 减少率dee d形盒dee gap d形盒间空隙dee lines d形盒馈线deep dose equivalent index 深部剂量当量指标deep irradiation 深部辐照deep therapy 深部疗deep underwater nuclear counter 深水放射性计数器deep water isotopic current analyzer 深海水连位素分析器defecation 澄清defect 缺陷defect level 缺陷程度defective fuel canning 破损燃料封装defective fuel element 破损元件defectoscope 探伤仪defence 防护deficiency 不足define 定义definite 确定的definition 分辨deflagration 爆燃deflecting coil 偏转线圈deflecting electrode 偏转电极deflecting field 偏转场deflecting plate 偏转板deflecting system 偏转系统deflecting voltage 偏转电压deflection 负载弯曲deflection angle 偏转角deflection plate 偏转板deflection system 偏转系统deflector 偏转装置deflector coil 偏转线圈deflector field 致偏场deflector plate 偏转板deflocculation 解凝defoamer 去沫剂defoaming agent 去沫剂defocusing 散焦deform 变形deformation 变形deformation bands 变形带deformation energy 变形能deformation of irradiated graphite 辐照过石墨变形deformed nucleus 变形核deformed region 变形区域degas 除气degassing 脱气degeneracy 简并degenerate configuration 退化位形degenerate gas 简并气体degenerate level 简并能级degenerate state 简并态degeneration 简并degradation 软化degradation of energy 能量散逸degraded spectrum 软化谱degree of acidity 酸度degree of anisotropic reflectance 蛤异性反射率degree of burn up 燃耗度degree of cross linking 交联度degree of crystallinity 结晶度degree of degeneration 退化度degree of dispersion 分散度degree of dissociation 离解度degree of enrichment 浓缩度degree of freedom 自由度degree of hardness 硬度degree of ionization 电离度degree of moderation 慢化度degree of polymerization 聚合度degree of purity 纯度dehumidify 减湿dehydrating agent 脱水剂dehydration 脱水deionization 消电离deionization rate 消电离率deionization time 消电离时间dejacketing 去包壳delay 延迟delay circuit 延迟电路delay line 延迟线delay line storage 延迟线存储器delay system 延迟系统delay tank 滞留槽delay time 延迟时间delay unit 延迟单元delayed alpha particles 缓发粒子delayed automatic gain control 延迟自动增益控制delayed coincidence 延迟符合delayed coincidence circuit 延迟符合电路delayed coincidence counting 延迟符合计数delayed coincidence method 延迟符合法delayed coincidence unit 延迟符合单元delayed critical 缓发临界的delayed criticality 缓发临界delayed fallout 延迟沉降物delayed fission neutron 缓发中子delayed gamma 延迟性射线delayed neutron 缓发中子delayed neutron detector 缓发中子探测器delayed neutron emitter 缓发中子发射体delayed neutron failed element monitor 缓发中子破损燃料元件监测器delayed neutron fraction 缓发中子份额delayed neutron method 缓发中子法delayed neutron monitor 缓发中子监测器delayed neutron precursor 缓发中子发射体delayed reactivity 缓发反应性delayedneutron 缓发中子delineation of fall out contours 放射性沉降物轮廓图deliquescence 潮解deliquescent 潮解的delivery dosedose 引出端delta electron 电子delta metal 合金delta plutonium 钚delta ray 电子demagnetization 去磁demagnetize 去磁dematerialization 湮没demineralization 脱盐demineralization of water 水软化demonstration 示范demonstration reactor 示范反应堆dempster mass spectrograph 登普斯特质谱仪denaturalization 变性denaturant 变性剂denaturation 变性denaturation of nuclear fuel 核燃料变性denature 变性denaturize 变性denitration 脱硝dense 稠密的dense plasma focus 稠密等离子体聚焦densimeter 光密度计densimetry 密度测定densitometer 光密度计densitometry 密度计量学density analog method 密度模拟法density bottle 密度瓶density effect 密度效应density gradient instability 密度梯度不稳定性density of electrons 电子密度deoxidation 脱氧deoxidization 脱氧departure from nucleate boiling 偏离泡核沸腾departure from nucleate boiling ratio 偏离泡核沸腾比dependability 可靠性dependence 相依dependency 相依dephlegmation 分凝酌dephlegmator 分馏塔depilation 脱毛depilation dose 脱毛剂量deplete uranium tail storage 贫化铀尾料储存depleted fraction 贫化馏分depleted fuel 贫化燃料depleted material 贫化材料depleted uranium 贫化铀depleted uranium shielding 贫铀屏蔽depleted water 贫化水depleted zone 贫化区域depletion 贫化;消耗depletion layer 耗尽层depolarization 去极化depolymerization 解聚合deposit 沉淀deposit dose 地面沉降物剂量deposited activity 沉积的放射性deposition 沉积depression 减压depressurization accident 失压事故depressurizing system 降压系统depth dose 深部剂量depth gauge 测深计depth of focus 焦点深度depthometer 测深计derby 粗锭derivant 衍生物derivate 衍生物derivative 衍生物derived estimate 导出估价值derived unit 导出单位derived working limit 导出工撰限desalinization 脱盐desalting 脱盐descendant 后代desensitization 脱敏desensitizer 脱敏剂desiccation 干燥desiccator 干燥器防潮器design 设计design basis accident 设计依据事故design basis depressurization accident 设计依据卸压事故design basis earthquake 设计依据地震design dose rate 设计剂量率design of the safeguards approach 保障监督方法设计design power 设计功率design pressure 设计压力design safety limit 设计安全限design temperature rise 设计温度上升design transition temperature 设计转变温度desmotropism 稳变异构desmotropy 稳变异构desorption 解吸desquamation 脱皮destruction test 破坏性试验destructive distillation 干馏detailed decontamination 细部去污detect 探测;检波detectable 可检测的detectable activity 可探测的放射性detection 探测detection efficiency 探测效率detection limit 探测限detection of neutrons from spontaneous fission 自发裂变中子探测detection of radiation 辐射线的探测detection probability 探测概率detection time 探测时间detector 1/v 1/v探测器detector 探测器敏感元件detector efficiency 探测僻率detector foil 探测骗detector noise 探测齐声detector shield 探测屏蔽detector tube 检波管detector with internal gas source 内气源探测器detergent 洗涤剂determination 确定deterrence of diversion 转用制止detonating gas 爆鸣气detonation 爆炸detonation altitude 爆炸高度detonation point 爆炸点detonation yield 核爆炸威力detoxifying 净化detriment 损害detted line 点线deuteride 氘化物deuterium 重氢deuterium alpha reaction 氘反应deuterium critical assembly 重水临界装置deuterium leak detector 重水检漏器deuterium moderated pile low energy 低功率重水慢化反应堆deuterium oxide 重水deuterium oxide moderated reactor 重水慢化反应堆deuterium pile 重水反应堆deuterium sodium reactor 重水钠反应堆deuterium target 氘靶deuterium tritium fuel 氘氚燃料deuterium tritium reaction 氘氚反应deuteron alpha reaction 氘核反应deuteron binding energy 氘核结合能deuteron induced fission 氘核诱发裂变deuteron neutron reaction 氘核中子反应deuteron proton reaction 氘核质子反应deuteron stripping 氘核涎deuterum moderated pile 重水反应堆deuton 氘核development 发展development of uranium mine 铀矿开发deviation 偏差deviation from the desired value 期望值偏差deviation from the index value 给定值偏差dew point 露点dewatering 脱水dewindtite 水磷铅铀矿dextro rotatory 右旋的di neutron 双中子di proton 双质子diagnostic radiology 诊断放射学diagnostics 诊断diagram 线图dial 度盘dialkyl phosphoric acid process 磷酸二烷基酯萃取法dialysis 渗析diamagnet 抗磁体diamagnetic effect 抗磁效应diamagnetic loop 抗磁圈diamagnetic substance 抗磁体diamagnetic susceptibility 抗磁化率diamagnetism 反磁性diamagnetism of the plasma particles 等离子体粒子反磁性diameter 直径diamond 稳定区;金刚石diaphanous 透媚diaphragm 薄膜diaphragm gauge 膜式压力计diaphragm type pressure gauge 膜式压力计diapositive 透谬片diascope 投影放影器投影仪diathermance 透热性diathermancy 透热性diatomic gas 双原子气体diatomic molecule 二原子分子dibaryon 双重子diderichite 水菱铀矿dido 重水慢化反应堆dido type heavy water research reactor 迪多型重水研究用反应堆dielectric 电介质dielectric after effect 电介质后效dielectric breakdown 绝缘哗dielectric constant 介电常数dielectric hysteresis 电介质滞后dielectric polarization 电介质极化dielectric strain 电介质变形dielectric strength 绝缘强度diesel engine 柴油机diesel oil 柴油difference ionization chamber 差分电离室difference linear ratemeter 差分线性计数率计difference number 中子过剩difference of potential 电压difference scaler 差分定标器differential absorption coefficient 微分吸收系数differential absorption ratio 微分吸收系数differential albedo 微分反照率differential control rod worth 控制棒微分价值differential cross section 微分截面differential discriminator 单道脉冲幅度分析器differential dose albedo 微分剂量反照率differential energy flux density 微分能通量密度differential galvanometel 差绕电疗differential particle flux density 粒子微分通量密度differential pressure 压差differential range spectrum 射程微分谱differential reactivity 微分反应性differential recovery rate 微分恢复率differential scattering cross section 微分散射截面differentiator 微分器diffraction 衍射diffraction absorption 衍射吸收diffraction analysis 衍射分析diffraction angle 衍射角diffraction grating 衍射光栅diffraction instrument 衍射仪diffraction pattern 衍射图diffraction peak 衍射峰值diffraction scattering 衍射散射diffraction spectrometer 衍射谱仪diffraction spectrum 衍射光谱diffractometer 衍射仪diffusate 扩散物diffuse 扩散diffuse band 扩散带diffuse reflection 漫反射diffuse scattering 漫散射diffused 散射的diffused junction semiconductor detector 扩散结半导体探测器diffuseness parameter 扩散性参数diffuser 扩散器diffusion 扩散diffusion approximation 扩散近似diffusion area 扩散面积diffusion barrier 扩散膜diffusion cascade 扩散级联diffusion chamber 扩散云室diffusion coefficient 扩散系数diffusion coefficient for neutron flux density 中子通量密度扩散系数diffusion coefficient for neutron number density 中子数密度扩散系数diffusion column 扩散塔diffusion constant 扩散常数diffusion cooling 扩散冷却diffusion cooling effect 扩散冷却效应diffusion cross section 扩散截面diffusion current 扩散电流diffusion current density 扩散淋度diffusion energy 扩散能diffusion equation 扩散方程diffusion factory 扩散工厂diffusion kernel 扩散核diffusion layer 扩散层diffusion length 扩散长度diffusion mean free path 扩散平均自由程diffusion plant 扩散工厂diffusion pump 扩散泵diffusion rate 扩散速率diffusion stack 务马堆diffusion theory 扩散理论diffusion time 扩散时间diffusivity 扩散系数digital analog converter 数模转换器digital computer 数字计算机digital data acquisition and processing system 数字数据获取与处理系统digital data handling and display system 数字数据处理和显示系统digital recorder 数字记录器digital time converter 数字时间变换器dilation 扩胀dilatometer 膨胀计diluent 稀释剂dilute 冲淡dilute solution 稀溶液dilution 稀释dilution analysis 稀释分析dilution effect 稀释效应dilution method 稀释法dilution ratio 稀释比dimension 尺寸dimensional change 尺寸变化diminishing 衰减dimorphism 双晶现象dineutron 双中子dingot 直接铸锭dip counter tube 浸入式计数管dipelt 双重线dipole 偶极子dipole dipole interaction 偶极子与偶极子相互酌dipole layer 偶极子层dipole moment 偶极矩dipole momentum 偶极矩dipole radiation 偶极辐射dipole transition 偶极跃迁dirac electron 狄拉克电子dirac equation 狄拉克方程dirac quantization 狄拉克量子化dirac theory of electron 狄拉克电子论direct action of radiation 辐射直接酌direct and indirect energy conversion 直接和间接能量转换direct contact heat exchanger 直接接触式换热器direct conversion reactor 直接转换反应堆direct conversion reactor study 直接转换反应堆研究direct current 直流direct current amplifier 直僚大器direct current resistance 直羚阻direct cycle 直接循环direct cycle integral boiling reactor 直接循环一体化沸水堆direct cycle reactor 直接循环反应堆direct digital control 直接数字控制direct energy conversion 能量直接转换direct exchange interaction 直接交换相互酌direct exposure 直接辐照direct fission yield 原始裂变产额direct interaction 直接相互酌direct isotopic dilution analysis 直接同位素稀释分析direct measurement 直接测量direct radiant energy 直接辐射能direct radiation 直接辐射direct radiation proximity indicator 直接辐射接近指示器direct reaction 直接反应direct use material 直接利用物质direct voltage 直羚压direct x ray analysis 直接x射线分析direction 方向directional 定向的directional correlation of successive gamma rays 连续射线方向相关directional counter 定向计数器directional distribution 方向分布directional focusing 方向聚焦directly ionizing particles 直接电离粒子directly ionizing radiation 直接电离辐射dirft tube 飞行管道dirt column 尘土柱dirty bomb 脏炸弹disadvantage factor 不利因子disagreement 不一致disappearence 消失disc operating system 磁盘操椎统discharge 放电discharge chamber 放电室discharge current 放电电流discharge in vacuo 真空放电discharge potential 放电电压discharge tube 放电管discharge voltage 放电电压discomposition 原子位移discontinuity 非连续性discontinuous 不连续的discrepancy 差异discrete 离散的discrete energy level 不连续能级discrete spectrum 不连续光谱discrete state 不连续态discrimination coefficient 甄别系数discriminator 鉴别器disinfectant 杀菌剂disintegrate 蜕衰disintegration 蜕变disintegration chain 放射系disintegration constant 衰变常数disintegration curve 衰变曲线disintegration energy 衰变能disintegration heat 衰变热disintegration of elementary particles 基本粒子衰变disintegration particle 衰变粒子disintegration probability 衰变概率disintegration product 蜕变产物disintegration rate 衰变速度disintegration scheme 蜕变图disintegration series 蜕变系disintegrations per minute 衰变/分disintegrations per second 衰变/秒disk source 圆盘放射源dislocation 位错dislocation edge 位错边缘dislocation line 位错线dismantling 解体disorder 无序disorder scattering 无序散射dispersal 分散dispersal effect 分散效应。