现在完成时被动语态详解与练习附习题现在完成时被动语态讲与练一、现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态是高中语法时态和语态中的重要组成部分，也是高考经常考查的一项内容。
请先看下面几道高考题：1.1 can ' t see any coffee in this cupbo fe t京2。
5 春）A. Has it all been finishedB. Was it all finishedC. Has it all finishedD. Did it all finish2. Millions of pounds ' worth of damage by a storm which swept across the north ofEngland last night.（重庆2005）A. has been causedB. had been causedC. will be causedD. will have been caused3. More patients in hospital this year than last year. （江苏2004）A. treatedB. have treatedC. had been treatedD. have been treated4. —The window is dirty.—I know. It for weeks.（2004全国卷皿）A. hasn ' t cleanedB. didn ' t cleanC. wasn ' t cleanedD. hasn ' t been cleaned这几道高考题考查的都是现在完成时的被动语态，下面我们谈谈它的用法。
1）主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被动语态即主语为动作的承受者。
现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“…已经被……。
如：The new school has been set up.新学校已经建成了。
2）现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为：have / has + been + done女口：The experime nt has bee n do ne successfully这个实验做得很成功。
现在完成时被动语态的否定式为：have / has + not + been + done女口：Tom' s novel has not been published.汤姆的小说还没有被出版。
现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将have / has提到主语的前面。
如：Has his bike been repaired?他的自行车修好了吗？现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+ have / has + been + done。
如：Who has been invited?谁受到了邀请？最后，我们再来看一下这几道高考题：第 1 题的第一句话告诉我们，橱柜里看不到咖啡了，所以紧接着要问“咖啡已经被喝完了吗？”，故选A。
第 2 题的意思是“昨晚横扫英格兰北部的暴风雨已经造成了上百万英镑的损失”，这里强调发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故选A。
第3题中的patients与treat之间是被动关系，排除A、B。
根据时间状语thisyear 可知用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。
第 4 题上句提到“窗户很脏”，所以下句应该是“窗户已经有数周没有被擦了”，故选D。
二、现在完成时被动语态讲与练现在完成时的被动语态表达以下两个概念：1．说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。
2．主语是行为动作的承受者。
现在完成时的被动语态由have/hasbeen+ v —ed构成，其中v—ed为过去分词，表示被动。
如：I have been told about it many times．The bridge has just been built．在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要注意以下两点：1. 过去分词前有两个助动词：have/ has和been。
2.必须表示被动。
如：1 ).［误］Many new buildings been built since 1980．［正］Many new buildingshave been built since 1980．［析］谓语部分结构不全，时态部分不完整。
2).［误］Something bad has been happened to him．［正］Something bad hashappened to him．［析］被动语态误用。
happen为不及物动词，不及物动词没有被动语态。
3) .［误］The door has been opened of itsel．f［正］The door has opened of itself．［析］有些动词如open，break，drop 等既可以作及物动词，又可以作不及物动词，若不强调谁是动作的发出者，我们通常用主动语态。
ofitself 意思是“自动地”，因此，此句不可用被动语态。
4) .［误］I have introduced to Mr Smith．［正］I have been introduced to Mr Smith( by Mr Wang)．［析］introduce 为及物动词，I 是introduce 的承受者。
Choose the best answer．1. Paper mone _______ for over a thousand years.A．usedB．has been usedC．has usedD．is using2. ___________________ Great change _______________________ in my hometown and a lot of factories ________—.A. have been taken place are being set upB. have taken place；have been set upC. are taken place；had been set upD. had taken place；will be set up3. Come and sit down by the fire. Your han _______ cold.A．has been feltB．feelsC．is feltD．has felt4. The fire ______ to the fifth floor . ________ all the people _______ ?A．has got；Have；been savedB．has been got；Have；savedC．has got；Do；saveD．has got；Have；saved5．—We want to sit at the table near the window ．—I ' m sorr^ut it ________ a lready.A．has takenB．tookC．was takenD．has been taken6．Some of the chapters（片段） _____ by many stude nts.A. have been widely readB. have read widelyC. were wide readD. had been widely read7. Whydon' tyougotothebookstoretobuysomebookS Manynewbooks ______there. A. have just broughtB. have just been broughtC. were just broughtD. are just brought8. Till now、 three films _____ in that small village this month.A. have shownB. have been shownC. were shownD. will be shown9. Do you know the thief ______________ by the police?A. hascaughtB. hasbeencatchingC. wascaughtD. hasbeencaught10. My sister is working in the power plant that ___________ for just one year. A. wasusedB. has been usedC. is usedD. has usedKey:1-5 BBBAD6-10 ABBDB三、现在完成时被动语态的构成与用法现在完成时的被动语态是本课中的重要语法项目，为帮助同学们更好地学习和巩固此语法现做了以下几点归纳：（一）现在完成时被动语态的构成1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“ have/ has+ been +及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：Two wi ndows have bee n broke n. 两个窗子被打破了。
2．现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“ have/ has+ not + been +及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：The car has not been repaired 这辆汽车还没有修好。
3．现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have/Has+主语+ been +及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：①一Has her work been finished 她的工作完成了吗？—Yesit has.是的，完成了。
②一Have the carsbeen repaired 这些汽车修好了吗？—No they have n't .不，还没有。
4.现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式由疑问词+ have/has+主语+ been +及物动词的过去分词”构成。
例如：How long has her work been finished?她的工作完成有多久了？Who has been helped by the new computer?谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？Howmanynewwordshavebeenlearnedbythestudents?这些学生已经学会了多少单词？（二）现在完成时被动语态的主要用法1．表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。
例如：The door has been locked门被锁上了。