Demand-driven Keynesian Breakdown of international trade Debt deflation Monetarist New classical approach Austrian School Inequality Productivity shock

Women were fired from teaching jobs if they got married This practice continued into the 40’s




Malnutrition in NYC rose from 18% in 1928 to 60% in 1931 Milk consumption was dropping in many states Child welfare was one of the first to be cut in many states as the Depression got worse Schools shut their doors because children were looking for jobs


Women would find it harder to find a job as more men were looking for work Some people thought the depression would end if all married women left their jobs and men took over

The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). From there, it quickly spread to almost every country in the world. 股票市场崩溃是一场灾难深重的经济危机爆发的 火山口。

Herbert Clark Hoover
Franklin Delano Roosevelt

大萧条1.f4v 大萧条2.f4v



There was no system of direct relief (food, money, or jobs given by the government directly to the people) No public welfare or social security No unemployment insurance Men, women, and children sifted through garbage for food and stole rides on trains to move to “better” areas looking for work

Drought hits American farms Farmers were burning crops, letting unpicked apples rot, and leaving cotton in the field

Why?

H:\大萧条\经济危机.doc
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Brief
introduction Causes Process EffGreat Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s . It was the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century. In the 21st century, the Great Depression is commonly used as an example of how far the world's economy can decline.
government intervenes to economy Keynesian['keinziən] national macroeconomic adjust and control economic nationalism—tariffs Totalitarianism(极端主义)-Nazi Party 卍 Adolf Hitler&Benito Mussolini贝尼托· 墨索里尼， indirectly lead to the WW II. Literarily- Ernest Hemingway, the speaker of The Lost generation



The common view among economic historians is that the Great Depression ended with the advent of World War II. America's entry into the war in 1941 finally eliminated the last effects from the Great Depression and brought the unemployment rate down below 10%.