选修 8 Unit 1 A land of diversity核心单词1. distinctionn.差别；区分；卓著常用结构：make a distinction between 对……加以区分win a distinction for 因……而获功勋without distinction 无差别地；一视同仁地联想拓展distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的be distinct in ...from ... 在某方面与……不同（as）distinct from ... 与……不同（的）He has a distinct gift for drawing.他有很明显的绘画天赋。
You should make your writing distinct.你应该把字写清楚。
高手过招翻译句子（原创）①There is a distinct possibility that she’ll be your teacher next term.②Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other.答案：①她下学期当你们老师的可能性非常大。
②那两种观点截然不同。
2. meansn. 手段；方法（单数和复数形式相同）常用结构：by means of 用……办法；借助……by all means 一定，务必；好的，当然可以by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）by every means 用尽一切可能的办法易混辨析means/way/methodmeans指“方法、方式、工具”，着重于具体的手段（单复数形式相同）。
way指“一般的方法、方式或个人的特殊方法、方式”，与技巧或效果的好坏无关。
method指“有系统的、有效率的精心拟定的方法”，也可以指抽象概念“条理”。
a way to do sth.／a way of doing sth./a method of doing sth. 做……的方法in this way/with the method/by this means 用这种／些方法by the way 顺便问一下on one’ s way to ... 在去……的路上in the way 挡住路温馨提示means作主语且有every, each等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some, several, many, few 等词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。
Radio and television are important means ofcommunication.无线电和电视是重要的通信手段。
Please find an alternative means of transport.请另外找一种运输方式。
Every means has been tried. 每种方法都试过了。
All means have been tried. 所有方法都试过了。
She could not speak, but made her wishes known by means of signs.她不会说话，但她用手势表达了她的愿望。
高手过招(1)单项填空—May I have a look at your book?— . （2010·01·江苏南京检测）A. By this meansB. By all meansC. By this wayD. By any means（2）翻译句子（原创）①这绝非解决问题的良计。
②他借助一根绳子慢慢地下来了。
解析： (1) 选B。
by all means意为“一定；当然可以”，符合句意。
(2)①This is by no means a good way to solve the problem.②He let himself down slowly by means of a rope.3. majorityn. 大多数；大半A/The majority of doctors agree that smoking is extremely harmful to health.大多数医生认为吸烟对健康极为有害。
The majority was/were in favour of the proposal.多数人赞成这个建议。
常用结构：be in the/a majority 构成大部分/大多数a majority over sb. 超过对方的票数联想拓展major adj.&n. 较大的；主要的；主修，专攻minority adj.&n.少数；少数民族；未成年高手过招(1)单项填空Every means been tried and all well now.A. have; goB. has; goC. has; goesD. have; goes（2）完成句子（原创）English speakers form the (大多数) of the population.(3)用适当的介词填空①Among the members of the committee those who favour the changes are the majority.②They had a large majority the other party at the last election.(4)用括号内所给词的适当形式填空①The majority of people (prefer) peace to war.②The majority of the damage (be) easy to repair.解析：(1) 选B。
考查means作主语时谓语动词的形式。
means意为“方式，方法”，单复数形式相同，被every修饰时谓语动词用单数形式；被all修饰时谓语动词用复数形式。
(2)Majority (3) ①in ②over(4) ①prefer/prefers ②is4. occurvi.发生；存在；出现常用结构：occur to (主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中;被想起，被想到it occurs to sb. to do sth. 使某人想到做某事it occurs to sb. that ... 某人想到……Just then an idea occurred to me. 就在那时我想起了一个主意。
It suddenly occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs.我突然想到我把伞忘在楼上了。
易混辨析happen/occur/take placehappen是一般用语，尤其指偶然发生，表示“碰巧、恰好”的意思。
occur 文言意味较浓,常指某特定事物的发生，也可以表示某种想法出现在人的头脑中。
take place 指事先计划或预料到的“发生”，此外还有“举行”的意思。
New things are happening all around us.新事物在我们周围不断发生。
The explosion occurred at 5:30 a.m.爆炸发生在早上5点30分。
When will the basketball game take place?篮球赛何时举行？高手过招单项填空It suddenly to the detective that the millionaire was probably murdered by his own daughter.（2010·01·安徽合肥检测）Happened B. occurred C. thought D. took place 解析：选B。
由空格后的to可知，选B。
occur to 一个想法突然呈现……。
5. indicatevt. 指出；标示；表明；暗示I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite.我问他我姐姐在哪，他指了指对面的商店。
Research indicates that men find it easier to give up smoking than women.研究显示男人比女人更容易戒烟。
常用结构：indicate sth. (to sb.)向（某人）表示某事；把……指给（某人）看indicate that ...表示……；示意……联想拓展indication n. 指出；表明indicative adj.指示的；暗示的高手过招完成句子（原创）①The government has (表明) that it intends to cut taxes.②A flashing red light (标示) that a stretch of road was undergoing repairs.③There is every (表明) of a change in the weather.答案：①indicated ② indicated ③indication重点短语6. live on继续存在；继续生存She lived on for many years after her husband died.丈夫死后她继续活了许多年。
联想拓展live on sth. 以某物为食；靠某种经济来源生活live by doing sth. 靠做某事为生live for sth. 以某事物为生活目标live through sth. 经历某事物而幸存live up to sth.依照某事物行事；表现出符合某事物的标准live with sth. 接受或容忍某现象live to be... = live to the age of... 活到……岁live a... life 过着……的生活高手过招用live的相关短语填空（原创）①The lonely old man charity.②Mozart was dead but his music .③My grandfather both world wars.④We should work hard and try to our parents’ expectations.⑤The brave girl is learning to her disability.答案：① lives on ② lives on ③ lived through④ live up to ⑤ live with7. team up with（与某人）一起工作（尤指为共同目标）；与……合作The two companies have teamed up to develop a new racing car.那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。