2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析【篇一】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析A remarkable variety of insects live in this planetMore species of insects exist than all other animalspecies together. Insects have survived on earth formore than 300 million years, and may possess theability to survive for millions more.Insects can be found almost everywhere -- on thehighest mountains and on the bottom of rushingstreams, in the cold South Pole and in bubbling hot springs. They dig through the ground,jump and sing in the trees,and run and dance in the air. They come in many different colorsand various shapes. Insects are extremely useful to humans, pollinating (授粉)our crops aswell as flowers in meadows, forests, deserts and otherareas. But licks and some insects, such asmosquitoes and fleas, can transmit disease.There are many reasons why insects are so successful at surviving. Their amazing ability toadapt permits them to live in extreme ranges of temperatures and environments. The oneplace they have not yet been found to any major extent is in the open oceans. Insects cansurvive on a wide range, of natural and artificial foods—paint, pepper, glue, books, grain,cotton，other insects, plants and animals Because they are small they can hide in tiny spaces.A strong, hard but flexible shell covers their soft organs and is resistant to chemicals, waterand physicalimpact. Their wings give them the option of flying away from dangeroussituations or toward food or males. Also, insects have an enormous reproductive capacity： AnAfrican ant queen can lay as many as 43,000 eggs a day.Another reason for their success is the strategy of protective color. An insect may be rightbefore our eyes, but nearly invisible because it is cleverly disguised like a green leaf, lump ofbrown soil, gray lichen (青苔),a seed or some other natural object Some insects use bright, boldcolors to send warning signalsthat they taste bad,sting or are poison.Others have wingpatterns that look like the eyes of a huge predator, bitter-tasting insects; hungry enemies arefooled into avoiding them.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1.Insects can be found in large amounts in the following places EXCEPT _____.A.on the mountains with little airB.in the cold polar areasC.in the hot desert areasD.in the open oceans2.Insects protect themselves from chemicals by _______A.hiding in tiny spacesB.having a strong shellC.flying away when necessaryD.changing colors or shapes3.Some insects disguise like natural objects so as to ______A.frighten away their enemiesB.avoid being discoveredC.send warning signalsD.look bitter-tasting4.The passage mentions that insects ______.A.can be found in any extreme environmentsB.have survived longer than any other creaturesC.can be fed on any natural or man-made foodsD.are important for the growth of crops and flowers5.The passage is mainly about ______A.how insects survive in different placesB.why insects can survive so successfullyC.what insects can do to the environmentD.where insects can be found in quantity参考答案1.[D] 事实细节题。
本题考查对复合句的理解。
本题涉及两个段落，第2段及第3段都提及昆虫大量生长的地方，第3段第3句中的The one place指出了答案。
2.[B] 事实细节题。
本题考查对复杂句的理解。
第4段第1句指出了答案。
protect…from…是对resistant to的同义替换。
3.[B] 推理判断题。
本题考查对长句的理解。
最后一段第2句中的nearly invisible表明昆虫伪装是为了不被发现，所以B为准确选项。
其他选项虽然都是昆虫伪装的目的，但都与伪装成自然物体无关。
4.[D] 推理判断题。
本题考查对含有分词结构句子的理解。
根据第2段倒数第2句中的useful及分词结构pollinating可推断昆虫对植物的生长有益处。
选项A、B、C中都有any,过于绝对。
由第3段第2、3句可知选项A不对。
文章虽在开头指出昆虫存活的年代久远，但全文未提到它是存活时间最长的生物，所以选项B错误。
至于昆虫的食物，第3段倒数第2句有提及,但仅仅a wide range of,由此可排除选项C。
5.[B] 主旨大意题。
本文前两段首先描述了昆虫生存了很长的时间，并能在各种地方生长，然后引出文章要讨论的重点，即昆虫为什么能成功存活。
第3段第1句为本文的中心句，所以本题准确选项为B。
【篇二】2021年上半年大学英语四级阅读理解及解析A new analysis of federal money that public schoolsreceive for low-income students shows that a record number of the nation’s school districts will receive less in thecoming academic year than they did for theone just ended.For the 2005-2006 school year, spending under the Department of Education’s Title I program, which helps low-achieving children in high-poverty areas, is increasing by3.2 percent, to $12.6 billion. But because of population shifts, growing numbers of poor children, newer census data and complex formulas that determine how the money is divided, more than two-thirds of the districts, or 8,843, will not receive as much financing as before.The analysis, based on data from the department, was made by the Center on Education Policy, a group advocating for public schools. A similar study by the group last year showed that 55 percent of the schools would receive less money than they did in the previous year.“It's an alarming number,” said Tom Fagan, a former department official who conducted the analysis. “It’s clear that the amount of overall increase is not keeping pace with the number of poor kids.”Susan Aspey, a department spokeswoman, defended the spending levels for Title I，saying, “President Bush and Congress have invested record amounts of funding to help the nation’s neediest students.”But Mr. Fagan said the increasing number of districtsthat are losing money is making it harder for the schools to meet the goals of the federal No Child Left Behind Act, the Bush administration's signature education program, which measures progress through annual tests in math, reading and science. That is giving critics of the program more grounds to accuse the administration of not sufficiently financing the program while demanding greater results.Title I provides the largest component of financing for No Child Left Behind.“The federal government is concentrating more money in fewer districts," said John F. Jennings, the president and chief executive of the Center on Education Policy. “It means there is lots of anger and lots of tension. They're asking us to do more and more with less and less.”练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1.As it is indicated in the passage, the new analysis_____.A.studied the federal money spent on low-income studentsB.aimed at promoting the establishment of more public schoolsC.showed that about half the schools would receive less moneyD.was conducted by the Department of Education’s Title I program2.Which of the following factors does NOT lead to the result that more than two-thirds of thedistricts will get more poorly financed?A.People often move from one place to another.B.There are more children from poor families.C.The way of distributing money has changed.D.Spending under the Title I program decreased.3.Susan Aspey looks at the funding by the government with _______.A.criticismB.consentC.IndifferenceD.expectation4.According to Tom Fagan, ______.A.the government has done its best to finance the poor childrenB.the goals of No Child Left Behind Act are difficult to realizeC.the way of measuring progress by annual tests should be changedD.the Bush government shouldn't have approved the Title I program5.When the government concentrates more money in fewer districts, _____.A.more poor children will get benefitedB.more public schools will have to be closedC.it will arouse more pe ople’s dissatisfactionD.No Child Left Behind Act will be realized sooner参考答案1.[A] 事实细节题。