第2讲定语从句[前沿最新动态]题型高考典题试做命题角度解读语法填空1．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Because the moon's body blocksdirect radio communication with a probe, China first hadto put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot whereit could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an artistwhose paintings were almost lifelike.3．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The 80，000 objects collectedby Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the corecollection of the British Museum which/that opened in1759．4．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ) They were well trained by theirmasters who had great experience with caring for theseanimals.1．考查定语从句的关系代词；2．考查定语从句中的关系副词。
短文改错1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Thank you for your letter, whatreally made me happy. what→which2．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)Understanding her good intentions, Ieat all the food what is provided by Mom withappreciation. what→that3．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ) One afternoon where I was inprimary school, I was walking by the schoolplayground.where→when4．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)They also had a small pond whichthey raised fish.which→where或which前加in1．关系代词的缺失；2．关系副词的错用；3．关系代词与关系副词的错用；4．关系代词前介词的缺失。
考点一关系代词引导的定语从句[题组试做]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2020·哈尔滨调研)Badaling is the most famous of the five sections which/that lies near Beijing and can be accessed easily.2．(2020·四平模拟)The students benefitting most from college are those who/that are totally engaged(参与)in academic life.3．(2020·北戴河联考)When travelling, we will enjoy ourselves and learn something from the exploration，which attracts me very much.4．(2020·石家庄模拟)As is often the case in China, foreign firms will face big barriers.5．(2020·太原三模)Anyone who is caught providing food for San Francisco's pigeons could face a heavy fine.6．(2020·济宁联考)Mr.Liu is the person whom you talked with on the bus.7．(2020·秦皇岛模拟)Children who are not active or whose diet is high in foot will gain weight quickly.Ⅱ.单句改错8．(2020·南充市统考)The song I sang was Country Road, that is a very famous piece of American country music.that→which9．(2020·衡水中学联考)Hearing my story, the head teacher, that was giving his lecture, praised me before all the students.that→who10．(2020·邯郸市模拟)My friend showed me around the town, where was very kind of him.where→which[要点解读]1．关系代词的基本用法She is no longer the girl (that) she was ten years ago.她已不再是10年前的她了。
I hate the way (that) she always criticizes me.我讨厌她一贯批评我的方式。
He is a doctor，as was his wife before she had children.他是医生，他妻子生儿育女之前也是。
2．that和which的用法区别people all over the world want to learn about China.《今日中国》有着全球的读者群，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。
3．as和which的区别正如老话说的那样：“人不可貌相”。
[题组试做]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2020·吉林省吉大附中模拟)Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old people when they swam in it.2．(2020·曲阜师大附中模拟)We went through a period when communications were very difficult in the rural areas.3．(2020·威海模拟)Is this the school where some German friends went last week?Ⅱ.单句改错4．(2020·锦州八县市一中联考) Occasions are quite rare where I have the time to spend a day with my kids. where→when 5．(2020·黄岛区联考)The Song of China has set up a stage which some people can achieve their dreams. which→where 6．(2020·大同模拟)Cheer up! Everyone may have periods in their lives that everything seems tough. that→when [要点解读]关系副词的基本用法better.我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
Do you know the reason why he didn't attend the meeting yesterday?你知道他昨天没参加会议的原因吗？考点三“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句[题组试做]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2020·枣庄模拟)Michel Croz, with whose help Daisy passed the exam, was one of the straight A students of the school.2．(2020·淄博张店联考)The house, the roof of which was destroyed in the terrible fire, has been repaired.3．(2020·三亚月考)Li Lei, for whom English was once difficult, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.Ⅱ.单句改错4．(2020·保定模拟)The little girl is reading a book，which there are many cartoons.which→where或which前加in [要点解读]1．“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which、whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整体的关系。
Scientists have advanced many theories why human beings cry tears，none of which has been proved.科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中大部分都受过良好的教育。