翻译技巧之语序调整法
语序调整法(inversion)
Inversion 作为一种翻译技巧,其意思为,翻译时对词序作必要或必不可少的改变,并不是纯粹的颠倒词序或倒装。
在语法中,倒装一般是指主语与谓语或与谓语的一部分颠倒位置,而翻译中的inversion是指译文和原文相比,词序发生了变化,故名“词序调整法”。
词序调整法在英汉互译中运用是非常普遍的,不管是词汇、短语的翻译,或是句子的翻译,都是如此。
By inversion in translation we mean that the constituent elements of a sentence are arranged in a way different from the general rules of word order of the language in question. Each language has its own peculiarities in word order. The natural order in English may mean the inverted order in Chinese. Put it more clearly, inversion, as one of the translation techniques, means the necessary or even inevitable change of word-order in a sentence according to the usage of the language to be translated into. This change of word-order is necessary because, first of all, each language has its own natural word order and its own peculiarities in word order, secondly, inversion, as a stylistic device, is often used for emphasis.
它主要涉及到词序、句序两方面的调整。
一、词序的调整
英汉语句中的主要成分主语、谓语、宾语或表语的词序基本上是一致的,但各种定语的位置和各种状语的次序在英、汉语言中则有同有异。
(一)定语位置的调整
1、单词作定语。
英语中,单词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词前,汉语中也大体如此。
有时英语中有后置的,但译成汉语时一般都前置。
例如:
(1)something important(后置)
重要的事情(前置)
如果英语中名词前的定语过多,译文中则不宜完全前置,因为汉语不习惯在名词前用过多的定语。
例如:。