弥漫性血管损伤
车祸后脑外伤死亡，广泛脑出血导致死亡
反复脑损伤与痴呆
儿gy
Distribution of the blood in the various forms of intracranial hemorrhages 颅内出血原因
Berry aneurysm
An arrested growing fracture that presented in a woman of 38. When asked about childhood injuries, she remembered that she fallen out of her carriage as a very young child. A. Plain skull X-ray. B. The excised portion of bone.
诊断DAI
Patterns and causes of hypoxic ischemic brain damage after traumatic brain injury
脑外伤后的弥漫性缺血缺氧性损伤原因及类型
好发部位 Hippocampus CA1 Laminar cortical necrosis Infrction in the bounadry zones of the major cerebral aeteries
CNSTrauma
2014-3-11
Classification of head injury by clinicopathological correlation 根据临床病理联系的脑损伤分类
Classification of head injury by neuroradiological and neuropathological features 根据神经放射学和神经病理学特点分类
Two days’ survival after injury. Damaged axons are easily seen on routine stains.
Beta-APP diagnosis axonal damage (2h)
Histology in cases where diffuse brain injury is suspected
冲击点伤和对冲伤 Mechanism of cerebral contusion. Arrows indicate point of application and
direction of force; black area indicates location of contusion.
Small intracortical contusions in typical sites at the base of frontal (A) and temporal lobes (B).
Classification of head injury by mechanism of production 根据产生机制分类
颅骨骨折 Fissured fracture 线性骨折 Depressed fracture 凹陷型骨折 Penetrated fracture 孔状骨折 Comminuted fracture 粉碎性骨折 Bursting fracture 崩裂性骨折
Intracerebellar hemorrhage 小脑出血 突然头痛、眩晕、呕吐；眼震；昏迷；枕骨
大孔疝迅速死亡。
Brainstem hemorrhage 脑干出血 延髓、中脑罕见，脑桥多见；突然发病；眼 部症状；呼吸障碍；感觉运动障碍；深昏迷；
去脑强直；数小时或24小时内死亡。
外伤后大脑中动脉闭塞性血栓栓塞梗死
DAI
弥漫性轴索损伤、脑白质弥漫性变 化、剪切损伤、弥漫性脑深部损伤
胼胝体以及脑干前段的局灶性出血病变
弥漫性脑损伤4类 DAI 弥漫性缺血缺氧损伤 脑水肿 弥漫性血管损伤
Frequency of Principal macroscopic lesion in diffuse axonal injury and their anatomical distribution 好发部位
Diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage
动脉瘤出血部位
根据出血部位判断动脉瘤位置
Giant atherosclerotic aneurysms A. Anterior cerebral artery. B. Basilar artery
高血压与高血压性脑血管病
基底核出血
Acute and subacute subdural hematomas 硬膜下血肿. SDH A. Acute subdural hematoma; B. Acute subdural hematoma; C. Subacute subdural hematoma.
慢性硬膜下血肿 （脑瘫小儿）
Old contusions on the base of the frontal lobes.
Extradural hemorrhages. 硬膜外出血 EDH A. A man of 60 received a blow behind his ear. Bruising in the temporails muscle and this linear, right-sided temporal fracture overlay a large extradural hemorrhage, which was the cause of his death 5 hours later. B, Gross appearance of a bifrontal extradural hematoma. C. A classical extradural hematoma situated in the parietotemporal region.