第章3Start up and TaxiLesson Six: Pushback and start up•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的推出和开车的程序•重点难点: 推出及开车Lesson Six: Pushback and start up高度的表达方式：Height—场压高度：是指以着陆区域最高点气压，调整高度表数值为零，上升至某一点的垂直距离。
场压(QFE) ：是指航空器着陆区域最高点的气压。
Altitude—海压高度：是指以海平面气压调整高度表数值为零，上升至某一点的垂直距离。
修正海压(QNH)：是指将观测到的场面气压，按照标准大气压条件修正到平均海平面的气压。
Level—标准气压高度：是指以标准大气压修正高度表压力值，上升至某一点的垂直距离。
标准大气压(QNE) ：是指在标准大气条件下海平面的气压。
其值为1013.2百帕（或760毫米汞柱或29.92英寸汞柱）。
开车程序1)航空器驾驶员请求起动发动机航空器位置+请求开车+通播(ATIS的代码)P: 北京地面, 南方303, 停机位A5, 通播ABeijing ground, CSN 303, stand A5, request start-up, information A.2)空中交通管制员的回答A. 同意开车Start up approvedB.开车（时间）分(expect )Start at (time)C.开车时间自己掌握Start up at own discretionD.预计离场（时间），开车自己掌握Expect departure (time), start up at own discretion E. 你准备好开车了吗？Are you ready for start?推出程序1)航空器驾驶员请求推出〔航空器位置〕请求推出[aircraft location] request pushback)2) 管制员的回答A. 同意推出Pushback approvedB. 稍等Stand byC. 推出自己掌握Pushback at own discretionC: 南方303,北京地面,离港时间37分,推出自己掌握CSN 303, Beijing Ground, departure 37, pushback at own discretion.D. 预计（数字）分钟延误（原因）Expect (number) minutesdelay due (reason)C: 南方303,北京地脉那,预计10分钟延误,由于流量控制CSN 303, Beijing Ground, expect 10 minutes delay due flowcontrol牵引程序P：北京地面,南方303,请求拖南方波音777飞机从停机位A8到停机位22.Beijing Ground, CSN 303, request tow China Southern Boeing 777 from stand A8 to stand 22.C: 南方303, 北京地面,同意沿滑行道K,B牵引到停机位22.CSN 303,Beijing Ground, tow approved via taxiway K and B to stand 22.brakes released刹车已解除confirm brakes set 证实已刹车interphone 内话机intercom 机内通话装置•课文讲解•练习Lesson Six: Pushback and start up汉译英：1. Hong Kong Ground, CCA102, Gate 6, Information E,request pushback and startup.2. CCA102, departure time 45, start up at owndiscretion.3. Ground crew, confirm No.3 engine is rotating.4. All engines have been started, remove chocks andother ground equipment please.Lesson Seven: Taxi•教学目的: 掌握符合陆空对话标准的滑行程序•重点难点: 滑行Lesson Seven: TaxiA. 滑行请求[aircraft type] [wake turbulence category if “heavy”] [aircraft location] request taxi [intentions]P: Beijing Ground, CSN 303, (Boeing 747), heavy, stand A9,(IFR to destination Shanghai), request taxi to runway 36L.Lesson Seven: TaxiB. 滑行指令1) Taxi to holding pointC：CSN 303, Beijing Ground, taxi to holding point K2 runway 36R.C: CSN 303, Beijing Ground, taxi to holding point K2, runway 36 center, via taxiway K, hold short ofrunway 36 center.C: B-PZY09, Gaodian Tower, taxi to holding point A2, traffic on final.Lesson Seven: Taxi课文相关内容：1) Request detailed taxiing instructions 请求详细滑行指令P: Beijing Ground, CSN 303, Boeing 747, heavy, request detailed taxiing instructions.2) Take first (second…) left/right 在第一(或第二…)道口左/右转3) Taxi via 沿…滑行4) Taxi to terminal (or other location) 滑到候机楼5) Holding point: 等待点6) Request backtrack:请求反向滑行7) Backtrack on runway 18:在跑道18上调头Lesson Seven: Taxi7) Taxi straight ahead 一直往前滑8) Taxi with caution 滑行时注意9) Give way to 给…让路10) Hold short of runway: 跑道外等待机组在回答hold 与hold short of的指令时除了使用Roger 或Wilco 外，还必须用holding或holding short。
11) Give way to: 给…让路;12) Overtake: 超越13) 看见飞机了: Traffic in sight （目视）Radar contact （雷达）Lesson Seven: Taxi14) Follow 跟在…后面15) Vacate runway 脱离跑道16) Expedite taxi: 加速滑行17) Taxi slower: 减速滑行Lesson Seven: Taxi•课文讲解•练习Lesson Seven: TaxiExercise VI. 汉译英：1. Ground, CCA981, heavy, gate 7, information F, request taxi.2. JAL782, taxi to the holding position of RWY36, give way toA320passing left to right.3. BAW416, cross RWY27, report vacated.4. DLH076, hold immediately, the intersection ahead is blockedby a broken vehicle.5. Ground, I’m not familiar with the local airport. Please guideme to the holding position.Unit check(3)汉译英：1. AFR316, you’ve taken a wrong direction, departure RWY 21,turn left from your present position and taxi along theyellow line to taxiway B. Caution, the stop signal on theright.2. JAL113, hold short of the next intersection, aircraftovertaking you from the right.3.BAW024, vacate RWY next right, follow the aircraft in frontof you. I’ll keep you advised.4. SIA094, your slot time will be delayed for 40 minutes due toATC reasons, pushback and start up at own discretion.5. UAL356, taxi to the south apron via via TWY B4 and A3,stand R3, report marshaller in sight.。