分词之精品学案学习目标:1.了解并掌握分词的意义2.掌握分词各种时态和语态形式3．掌握动分词做定语时的特点与判断方法。
4．掌握分词做状语时的特点和判断方法。
5. 掌握分词作宾补时的特点和判断方法。
6．把握分词的考点。
清单二：现在分词与过去分词的意义现在分词和过去分词二者的区别是：语态现在分词：表示主动意义，根据所作的成分不同，判断主被动的参照对象不同。
如作定语时它与所修饰的名词构成主动关系，如：The man standing at the gate is my English teacher. 换句话说： The man who is standing at the gate is my English teacher.过去分词：通常表示被动意义（不及物动词的过去分词除外），根据所作的成分不同，判断主被动的参照对象不同。
如作定语时它与所修饰的名词构成被动关系，如：the broken cup, 意思是：Someone broke the cup.或 The cup was broken.清单三：按成分学习非谓语动词：一．分词作状语：基本句式：①____________________，句子（主语+谓语+……）②句子（主语+谓语+……）（，）______________________③doing/having done ,__本质就是选句子的主语，句子的主语要能够执行doing或having done_④done、having been done，______________________基本形式：主动：doing having done to do被动：done having been done to be donebeing done 一般不作状语判断方法：语态：判断与句子主语的关系。
主动用现在分词；被动用过去分词。
时态：判断分词发生的时间与句子谓语动词的先后关系。
在其前用完成，在其时用一般，在将来用不定式。
典型错误例句：a.Looking out of the window, there are lots of people in the street.b.Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head .c.After doing my homework , the dog was fed.典型例题:a. After seeing the movie,______.A. the book was read by himB. the book mad him want to read itC. the reading of the book interested himD. he wanted to read the bookb. Returning to my apartment, ______ .A. my watch was missingB. I found my watch disappearedC. I found my watch missingD. The watch was missedc. ______ in this way , the situation doesn’t seem so diappointing.A. To look atB. Looking atC. Looked atD. To be looked at分词作状语的特殊形式：①独立主格结构：做状语的分词与句子主语不存在相应的关系时，可在分词前加上一个存在相应关系的名词或代词，这样就构成独立主格结构：典型例句：a.Being so nice a day, we go out for a walk.It being so nice a day, we go out for a walk.b.Permitting, we’ll be going fishing tomorrow.Weather permitting, we’ll be going fishing tomorrow.c.Having been spent , we started looking for work .All the money having been spent , we started looking for work基本结构：★主格词（名词/代词）+分词，句子（主+谓）★句子（主+谓），主格词（名词/代词）+分词注意：独立主格结构不是简单句。
判断方法：如果是简单句必须有连词或引导词或“；”，否则应为独立主格结构d.Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed .e.The Chinese word for crisis is divided into two characters, one meaning danger and the othermeaning opportunity.f.So many directors _____ ， the board meeting had to be put off.A. were absentB. being absentC. been absentD. had been absent②带有连词的分词作状语：a. When using the computer , you must remember the password .b．Unless invited，I won’t go to her birthday party.此时分词的判断依然遵循与句子主语的判断规则，在做题时，凡看到引导状语从句（时间、条件、让步）的连词后无主语时，其后就应当是doing或done，这有其与主语的关系而定。
③固定表达方式1) 副词+speaking :如 generally (strictly, honestly……) speakinga. Generally speaking , men are stronger than women.b. Strictly speaking, this is not a right answer.2) 分词+（介词）：如 judging from）（据……判断）, considering , supposing etc .a .Juding from his experience , he is in a lousy mood .b．Honestly speaking, he is more excellent than you.二．分词作定语基本句式：①___________+名词或②名词+________________.基本形式：主动：to do doing被动：done being done to be done特别注意：分词的完成式：having done 与having been done不能作定语。
判断原则：语态：判断与所修饰的词的关系，当为主动关系时，用to do或 doing；当为被动时，用done，being done 或to be done。
时态：to do表示“将来”；doing表示“非将来”。
done表示“已被，事实被”；being done表示“正被”；to be done表示“将被”。
不及物动词作定语表示完成不表示被动：Eg：分词作宾补构成四种基本句式：①see类（一感二听三让四看半个帮）+宾语+宾补②with/without+宾语+宾补③want/get/ask/tell +宾语+宾补④find+宾语+宾补基本形式：分词作宾补时会因为其句式结构不同而不同，不过其有着较强的规律性。
必须牢记：①see类（一感二听三让四看半个帮）+宾语+宾补（doing/done/to do）主动：do/doing被动：done判断方法：与宾语是主动关系用do/doing,若表示正在进行的动作用doing，非正在进行用do；与宾语是被动关系直接用done，不用再考虑时态。
难点:与定语从句组合考察，此时先行词在从句中作宾语，see类词作动词，构成“复宾结构”，由于定语从句的性质决定，此时宾语并不是真实存在于see类动词之后，而实际是真实存在，应看作是“复宾结构”。
典型例句：a. I heard him criticized many times.b. We saw the sun rising from behind the trees.c. You can see the vapor rising from the wet clothes when they are hung on the fire.②with/without+宾语+宾补（doing/done/to do）主动：do/doing被动：done判断方法：先判断宾补动词发生的时间：将来用to do，此时不判断主被动，只用主动形式；非将来，判断宾语与宾补的关系：主动用doing，被动用done。
a.With a lot of work to do tonight, I can’t go out with you.b. With Mr Wang teaching us Chinese this term, we have made much progess.c. With everything she needed bought, he went home hurriedly .③want/get/ask/tell +宾语+宾补(to do/to be done/done)主动：to do被动：to be done done判断方法：宾语与宾补的关系：主动用to do；被动用to be done或doneEg.a. Every parent wants their child to live a happy life.b. I can’t get all the work that you assigned finished in an hour.特例：Get sth doing 使……动起来；catch sb doing 抓住某人做某事④find+宾语+宾补(doing/done)主动：doing被动：done判断方法：宾语与宾补的关系：主动用doing；被动用 doneYesterday I found you cheating in the exam.课堂检测1. In order to protect our planet, _____.A. all kinds of pollution should be reducedB. we should reduce all kinds of pollutionC. the environment should be protected firstD. it’s important to protect our environment2. Hoping he would not be seen, Bob stole in, _____ his schoolbag and rushed out.A. picking upB. picked upC. to pick upD. having picked up3. _____ money if you can and many poor children in the poor mountainous areas will be able to go back to school.A. Having givenB. GivenC. To giveD. Give4. Last night I saw Yang Weiwei lying in bed, _____in deep thought.A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. being lost5. While listening to pop music, _____.A. she felt asleepB. the light went outC. someone knocked at the doorD. and she couldn’t help laughing6. _____ the distance was too long and the time was short, we decided not to drive to Florida.A. DiscoveringB. To discoverC. To have discoveredD. Discovered7. Never _____ off your coat; it’s rather cold outside.A. takeB. takingC. to takeD. taken8. What surprised me most was that there appeared a _____ look on her face on hearing the unexpected news.A. worryingB. worriedC. worryD. worries9. There are hundreds of visitors __ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’s paintings.A. waitedB. to waitC. waiting D。