社会保障制度: Social security system社会保障体系: Social security system商业保险：Commercial insurance慈善事业：Charity补充保障：Supplemental Security养老保险: Old age insurance社会排斥：Social exclusion社会对抗: Social resistance医疗保障: Health security医疗卫生：Medical treatment and public health医疗保险: Health insurance公费医疗: Public medical services社会救助: Social assistance社会福利: Social welfare services社会服务: Social services失业保险: Unemployment insurance工伤保险: Work injury insurance生育保险：Maternity insurance军人保障：Military personnel security军人保险: Military personnel insurance军人抚恤: Military Personnel preferential treatment军人安置: Military Personnel placement老年人福利：Welfare for the elderly残疾人福利：welfare for the disabled妇女福利：Women welfare儿童福利：Child welfare职业福利：Occupational welfare其他保障：Other security专项救助：Special Assistance社会救济：Social relief护理保险：Long-term care insurance社会保险项目: Social insurance programs 住房福利：Housing welfare services住房公积金：Housing provident fund教育福利: Education welfare services灾害救济：Disaster relief最低生活保障制度：The minimum living standard guarantee system社会统筹：Social pooling 个人账户：Individual accounts单位：Work unit机关：State organs事业单位：Public institutions企业：enterprise五保(供养)制度: The five guarantees system国家—单位保障制：State-work unit security system国家-社会保障制：State-social security system国有企业改革: the reform of state-owned enterprises覆盖面：Coverage劳动合同制度: Labor contract system市场经济体制: The market economy system待业保险: Job-waiting subsidy计划经济: The planned economy分配: Distribution收入分配: Income distribution劳资双方: employee and employer改革开放: Reform and opening-up经济社会转型期: Economic and social transition period下岗：Lay-off下岗职工: Laid-off workers社会化：Socialization多元化：Diversification合同制工人: Contract workers离退休人员：Retirees农民工: Migrant workers城镇户口: Urban hukou公益事业：Public welfare programs文化大革命: Cultural Revolution扶贫开发poverty alleviation and development传统社会救济traditional social relief灾害救助disaster assistance医疗救助medical assistance教育救助education assistance住房救助housing assistance法律援助lawsuit assistance贫困线poverty line贫困陷阱poverty trap流浪乞讨人员救助assistance for vagrants and beggars in cities福利依赖welfare dependency安全网safety net三无人员Three-No’s包办就业arranged employment格局framework铁饭碗permanent employment自由流动权The rights of free flow队办企业Brigade-owned enterprises转移transfer试点pilot机构改革institutional reform政府代表government representatives企业代表employers’ representatives职工代表employees＇representatives 社会机构Social institutions统筹调剂pooling and co-coordinating保值增值Value maintenance and appreciation非主管部门department-not-in-charge主管部门department-in-charge定型stereotypes户籍制度the household registration system进城务工人员inter-provincial migrants人均纯收入net income per capita民生People's livelihood修正案the revised ordinance国家机关government organizations事业单位public institutions劳动保险制度the labor insurance system 财政拨款financial allocation生产收益Production Gain孤寡老人an elderly person of no family农业生产合作社agricultural production cooperation 五保“five guarantees”军官military officer集体经济the collective economy“文化大革命” “cultural revolution”老化aging终身制life-long tenure国营企业state-owned enterprise劳动保险金Labor insurance funds社会事务Social Affairs内部事务internal affairs阶级斗争class struggle思想路线指导the ideological guideline年老体弱Old and frail离休honorary retirement政策法规Policies and Regulations城镇劳动者urban workers土地联产c承包责任制the land contract responsibility system组织基础Organizational foundation配套措施supplementary measures劳动就业体制labor employment system 财政税收体制fiscal and taxation system 社会化socialization铁饭碗permanent employment局限性limitation单位保障work unit insurance责任分担responsibility-sharing单一层次Single-Level计划生育政策family planning policy土地保障land security计划生育政策family planning policy社会保险机构Social security institution标准工资standard wage退休待遇retirement benefits大队brigade生产队production team公益金public welfare fund社区（乡镇、村）Community (township and village)县级机构county-level organization中央层面the central level附件attachment探索试点the exploratory pilot计发办法payment method一次性lump-sum老人the people retired before the reform 中人the people worked before the reform and retired after the reform.新人the people worked after the reform 试点方案Pilot Project省级调剂制度Provincial adjustment system 属地化localization职业年金制度occupational pension system亚洲金融危机Asian Financial Crisis管理事务administration affairs养老金增长机制pension growth mechanism制度创新institutional innovations资料来源date source农业生产经营Agricultural production and operation漏洞巨大great vulnerability劳动合同制度the labor contrast system 正规就业劳动者formally employed workers 非正规就业劳动者informally employed workers灵活就业casual employment自我雇佣self-employment私营企业主private entrepreneurs雇员制employee system住房保障制度Housing security system民生保障制度Livelihood security system 住有所居residents have houses to live低收入家庭/低收入群体Low-income families/groups住房体制改革Housing System Reform道路Gradual path实物in-kind全民保障Security for all people住房非商品化Non-commercial housing分配体制Distribution system 公有住房public housing购房补贴housing subsidies货币cash经济适用房affordable house商品房commercial house公积金制度Housing Provident Fund system廉租房Low-rent house小康生活水平Comfortable standard of living住房券Housing vouchers/coupons经济体制改革Economic system reform社会主义有计划商品经济Socialist planned commodity economy无偿分配Free distribution再生产reproduction维修费、管理费、折旧费Maintenance fees, management fees, depreciation charges 基本思路Basic ideas住房建设投资housing construction Investment住房分配体housing distribution system国家贷款资金State loan城市配套资金City supplemental funds城市住房基金Urban Housing Fund单位住房基金work Unit housing funds其他房改资金Other housing reform funds 高收入户High-income households利润率profit rate住房公积金缴纳率Housing provident fund contribution rate按月补贴Monthly subsidy一次性补贴Lump-sum subsidy明补Public subsidies社会的安定团结social stability and unity财政预算资金the fiscal budget funds多渠道Multi-channel因地制宜under the local conditions行政事业性收费Administrative fees基础设施建设费用Infrastructure costs房地产市场the real estate market硬指标Fixed target社会建设Social construction民生发展目标Livelihood development goals农民工合法权益the legitimate rights and interests of migrant workers完全产权the full property rights缴存余额Deposit balance三位一体Trinity政府主导的公共房屋Government-led public houses市场主导的商品房屋Market-led commercial houses市场规律the market rules公共土地资源the public land resources, 财政资源the financial resources补充保障体系the supplementary security system渐进式改革gradual reform子系统subsystem民政福利Civil Welfare职工福利employee welfare价格补贴price support(subsidy)生活保障living security儿童照顾child-care补救性模式Residual model住房福利housing welfare教育福利education welfare社会福利事业social welfare cause人民团体people's organizations老弱、病残、孤寡成员the elderly, sick, widows and orphans优待: preferential treatments义务兵役制: compulsory military service system 老年人抚养比old-age Dependency Ratio 文化福利cultural welfare农村集体经济rural collective economy土地承包责任制household contract responsibility system劳保labour protection利益共同体interests-shared Community 路径依赖Path－Dependence企业年金enterprise Annuity商业保险Commercial Insurance退休养老金待遇Treatment of pensions基本养老保险制度Basic old-age insurance system职业福利Occupational Welfare企业补充养老保险Enterprise Supplementary old-age insurance非营利性的事业单位Non-profit public institutions社会统筹和个人账户相结合combination of Social pooling and individual accounts 完全积累Fully funded法人受托机构Corporate trustee账户管理人Account Manager托管人Custodian委托代理Commissioned agent企业所得税Corporate Income Tax等价交换原则The principle of equivalent exchange费率payment Rates保险条款Insurance Terms企业财产保险Enterprise Property Insurance集体所有制企业Collectively-owned enterprises固定资产Fixed assets 赔付率Loss ratio。