英汉互译课教案
—— Tennyson: The Brook
英汉语词汇的根本特征 (从对应角度看)
A:一对一关系 uranium; Marxism; CPU B:一对多关系 笑: laugh; smile; giggle; chuckle; beaming; jeer;
guffaw; smirk; grin wife wife 和I 的同义词.doc C:不对应关系 “品”;目不识丁;雨后春笋;teenager
翻译是使用不同语言的人们互相沟通的 纽带和桥梁,是把一种语言(可以称之 为“原语”)所表达的信息用另一种语 言(可以称之为“译语”)传达出来的 过程。
英汉语词汇的根本特征 (从词汇缺项角度看)
汉语缺冠词:
英语缺语气助词:
狗跑得快。
Are you coming or not?
A dog runs quickly.
英汉语词汇的根本特征 (从个体角度看)
汉语:字与词 音形义兼备 音:多音字;四声变化;平仄;双声与
叠韵 形:汉字的沿革体变 义:众多的形声字
英汉语词汇的根本特征 (从个体角度看)
英语语音的丰富变 化
按照音的本质分析: 语调;重音;音域; 语速;连读
unchained melody: Lyrics.doc
onomatopoeia
the roll of the thunder the roar of the storm the shrieking of the siren the babbling of the spring the jingling of the bells the pattering of the drizzle the whisper of the breeze the rat-a-tat at the door the zooming of the jet
你来不来?
Dogs run quickly.
你来不来呢?
He is a pianist and singer. 你来呢,还是不来?
他是钢琴师兼歌手。 汉语中的常用语气助
This is the life for me.
词有以下六个:
这正是我最想要的生活。 的;了;么;呢;吧;
啊
汉语冠词缺项及汉英翻译
文化与翻译:从一个例子开始
It is a way, he says, of paying tribute to the rock'n'roll era that had a huge impact on him as a child. So why did the idea come off the backburner and on to paper and then celluloid? Celebrity burn-out is the answer. Hollywood's man with the golden touch had had a string of box-office success, from Sleepless in Seattle to Toy Story and Apollo 13, and had won Oscars two years in succession, for Philadelphia and then Forrest Gump.
Art of Cooking
翻译的定义:typical concepts
Translation is the act or process of rendering what is expressed in one language or set of symbols by means of another language or set of symbols.
一门亲事 一场噩梦 可充当量词的可数名词 一群鱼 一群美女 一群观众 一群旁观者 一群影迷 一群示威者 一群劫匪 一群鸭 一群蜜蜂 一群羊 一群狼 一群海岛
a marriage a bad dream
a shoal of herring a galaxy of beauties a crowd of spectators a group of onlookers a throng of film fans a troop of demonstrators a gang of robbers a flock of ducks a swarm of bees a herd of sheep a pack of wolves a cluster of islands
狮 狼 狗 猪 驴 鼠 鸽 夜莺 海鸥 青蛙 蜜蜂 小鸟 蛇
onomatopoeia
roar howl bark; yap; yelp; growl; bow-bow grunt hew-haw squeak; cheep; peep coo warble; jug mew croak buzz; hum; drone chirp; twitter hiss
雷声隆隆 暴风雨咆哮 汽笛尖叫 泉水汩汩 铃声叮当 细雨淅沥 微风瑟瑟 哒哒的敲门声 飞机“嗖”一声掠过
文学文体(诗歌)
I slip, I slide, I gloom, I glance, Among my skimming swallows; I make the netted sunbeam dance Against my sandy shallows.
英汉语词汇的根本特征 (从个体角度看)
按照音的功能分析:如:修辞功能—— 拟声onomatopoeia
公鸡 母鸡 小鸡 火鸡 公牛 母牛 小牛 鸭 猪 兔
onomatopoeia
crow cackle; cluck; chuck cheep gobble bellow mow bleat quack grunt mumble