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高考英语名词性从句讲解 版


名词性从句
主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
在英语的句子结构中,如果本该由名词充当的主语、
宾语、表语和同位语,由一个句子来充当,那么这 个句子就叫_名__词__性__从__句_。
请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句: (主语从句)
1.What I _w___a_n__t_ to do i_s to go shopping.
record .(同位语从句)
“whether”---“是否”、不作成份、起连接作用
1、Whether she will come back on time depends on
weather(. 主语从句)
2、The problem is whether you could give us some
引导词
从属连词(3个):that 、if、 whether
连接代词 (9个):who、 whom 、 what、 which、 whose、 whoever whomever、 whatever、 whichever、
连接副词(4个):when、 why、 where、 how
名词性从句引导词的用法(1):
的内容:我们队取得了决赛胜利。)
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
(从句对“消息”加以限定:是你告诉我们的,而非 来自其他渠道。但消息是何内容却不得而知。)
二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
2、引导词 区别:同位语从句中,that:无成分,用于 肯定句; 定语从句的that是关系代词,既指代先行词又须在从句 中充当成分。
英语名词性从句
Noun Clause
Review: 英语句子的种类有两种,按句子的用途
可分为陈述、疑问、祈使和感叹句四种。
而按句子的结构可分三种:
主语+谓语
主语+谓语+宾语
1) 简单句
主语+系动词+表语 主语+谓语+间宾+直宾
主语+谓语+宾语+宾补
2) 并列句 简单句+并列连词+简单句
3) 复合句 主句+引导词+从句
请判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:
1.He often reads English in the morning. 简单句
2.You help him and he helps you.
并列句
3.My suggestion is that we should study step
by step.
在口语或非正式文体中,引导宾语从句的连词that 常可省 略。但形式宾语it后面的that 不能省略。
5. You are a student.
(名词作表语)
6. The fact is that she never kn中充当表语的从句(即放在be动词后面) 叫做表语从句。
Miss. Liang , a 24-year-old girl, teaches us English .
主语
同位语
宾语
名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
1. The boy is Li Ming. (名词作主语) 2. What he said is correct.
(从句作主语)
.
1. 在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
注意:
The reason for his absence was that he was ill in hospital.
其他从属连词引导的表语从句
because ,as,as if,as though等也可用来引导表语从句。 Things are not as they seem to be. 事情并不是像它们表面上看起来那样。 I think it is because you are too serious. He felt as though he had gone back to 20 years ago.
7.Miss. Liang , a 24-year-old girl, teaches us
English .
(名词作同位语)
8.The news that our team had won made us happy.
(从句作同位语)
4. 在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句. 其用途是对前面的名词作进一步解释,说明 该名词的具体内容。可以跟同位语从句的名词 通常是news,idea,fact,word,hope,advice等。
(定语从句)
你告诉我们的消息真的令人鼓舞。
二、同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处
1、含义不同:同位语从句是对前面名词的解释说明, 知道具体内容,指同一件事(可以划等号);定语从 句用来修饰、限定前面的名词,不知道具体内容。
e.g. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. (从句说明“消息”
1. 都跟在名词后; 2. 都可以翻译成 “…的”
The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging. (同位语从句)
我们队取得决赛胜利的消息令人鼓舞。
The news that you told us is really encouraging.
复合句
4.Both Tom and Mike are American boys. 简单句 5.He said that he has known all before. 复合句
复合句:主句+引导词+从句
定语从句
复合句 名词性从句
状语从句
请思考 定语从句的定义:
起定语作用,用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
e.g. 1)Dad made a promise that he would buy me
CD player if I passed the English test.
(that 不充当任何成分)
2) Dad made a promise that excited all his children.
2. Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.
B 3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.
4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent?
certain (. 主语从句)
2、The fact is that Beijing will hold 29th Olympic
Games this year.(表语从句) 3、I know that well begun is half done(. 宾语从句)
4、He heard the news that Liuxiang set a new world
名词性从句定义
起名词性作用的从句,叫名词性从句。 换言之,在英语的句子结构中,本来该由名词充当的 主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分,换由一个句子来充 当,这样的句子就是名词性从句。
Related Conception (相关概念)
1.名词: 表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。 2.名词在句子作什么成分?
The boy is Li Ming. 主语 表语
(同位语从句)
2. The news that they _w__o__n__ the game s__p__r_e__a__d__
the whole school.
(宾语从句)
3. I _d__o__n_’_t__t_h__i_n__k_ that he i_s_ an honest boy.
4. The fact _is__ that he_s__t_o__l_e_ the car. (表语从句)
(that指代promise,又在从句中充当主语。)
I. Tell the function of the clauses in the following sentences说出下列从句的功能:A: Appositive(同位 语); B: Attributive(定语)
1. His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.
It dose't matter whether he is wrong or not.
3. We love peace.
(名词作宾语)
4. He said that he has known all before.
(从句作宾语)
2. 在句中充当及物动词或介词或be+adj.后宾 语的从句叫做宾语从句。
We always mean what we say.我们向来说话算数。
作动词的宾语
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining.
He is confident that he will win.
作介词的宾语 作形容词的宾语
某些表示心理状态的形容词在句中作表语时, 后面可跟宾语从句。
判断从句的方法: 一 找引导词划从句 二 找谓语动词 三 看从句在主句的位置
请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句
5. The problem is what we should do next.
(表语从句)
6. The news that he couldn’t come makes
us upset.
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