语法讲解教案一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)备课人：宋**单位：周至县第七中学时间：2015.9语法讲解一般过去时(Simple Past Tense)周至县第七中学宋亚萍一．教学目标：一般过去时二．教学重难点：1、一般过去时（用法、动词过去式的变化规则等）2、实义动词do一般过去时的讲解三．教学步骤：【时态介绍】1、定义：一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
常和表示过去的时间状语连用表示过去的时间状语：如：yesterday、last night 、in 1990、two days ago 等例如: I got up at 7:00 yesterday. 我昨天七点钟起床。
My father was at work yesterday afternoon. 我爸爸昨天下午在上班。
也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常和表示频度的时间状语连用。
如频度副词：often，always 等例如: He always went to work by bus last year. 他去年一直坐公交车上班。
2、用于一般过去时的时间状语（1）与ago 连用： a momenttwo minutesfive days agofour yearsa week(2)与last 连用TimeMonthLast yeartermnight(3)与yesterday 连用：yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon,yesterday evening, the day before yesterday (4)其他表示过去的时间状语：just now, in the old days, in those days,in 1980, the other day at that time, once upon a time 【一般过去时的构成】1、含动词be的一般过去时am/is---was are---were1)肯定句结构：主语+was/were+其他成分例：I was at home last night. 我昨晚在家。
You were in Class 1 last year. 你们去年在一班。
They were early this afternoon. 他们今天下午不迟2)否定句结构：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他成分(was no t=wasn’t were not=weren’t)例：I was not at home last night. 我昨晚不在家。
You were not in Class 1 last year.你们去不年在一班。
They were not early this afternoon. 他们今天下午不早。
3)一般疑问句及其回答：Was/Were+主语+其他成分？Yes,主语+was/were.(肯定回答)No,主语+wasn’t/weren’t.（否定回答）例：1、Was I at home last night？我昨晚在家吗？Yes,I was./No,I wasn’t.是，我在。
/不，我不在。
2、Were you in Class 1 last year? 你们去年在一班吗？Yes,I was./No,I wasn’t.是，我们在。
/不，我们不在。
3、Were they early this afternoon? 他们今天下午早吗？Yes,they we re./No,they weren’t.是，他们早。
/不，他们不早。
2、含行为动词的一般过去时1)肯定句：主语+行为动词过去式+其他成分。
❖I had a bowl of rice for lunch. 我上午吃了一碗米饭。
❖You spent weekend with me last time. 你上次和我一起过周末。
❖They went to Xi’an a week ago. 他们一周前去的西安。
2)否定句：主语+didn’t+ 行为动词原形+其他。
（did not=didn’t）❖I didn’t have a bowl of rice for lunch.我上午没吃一碗米饭。
❖You didn’t spend weekend with me last time. 你上次没和我一起过周末。
❖They didn’t go to Xi’an a week ago.他们一周前没去的西安。
3)疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语+行为动词原形+其他？Yes, 主语+ did./No, 主语+didn’t.❖Did you spend weekend with me last time? 你上次和我一起过周末的吗？Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.是，我是。
/不，我没有。
❖Did they go to Xi’an a week ago? 他们一周前去的西安吗？Yes, they did./No, they didn’t.是，他们是。
/不，他们没有。
3、There be句型的一般过去时1)肯定句：There+was/were+其他成分.❖There was a bird in the room just now. 刚才这个房子里有只鸟。
❖There were many boys in our class last term. 上学期我们班有许多男生。
2)否定句：There+was/were+not+其他成分.❖There was not a bird in the room just now. 刚才这个房子里没有鸟。
❖There were not many boys in our class last term.上学期我们班没有很多男生。
3)疑问句及其回答：Was/Were+there+其他成分？Yes,there+was/were. No,there+wasn’t/weren’t.❖Was there a bird in the room just now? 刚才这个房子里有只鸟吗？Yes,there was./No,there wasn’t是的，有/不，没有。
❖Were there many boys in our class last term? 上学期我们班有许多男生吗？Yes,ther e were./No,there weren’t。
是的，有/不，没有。
【动词过去式的构成】1、规则动词的过去式1）、一般词尾加-ed。
play→played work – worked ask -- asked clean→cleaned 2）、e结尾的只加-d。
live→lived decide – decided dance -- danced live→lived3）一个辅音字母结尾，重读闭音节先双写这个辅音字母，然后加-ed。
stop→stopped plan→planned drop--dropped beg--begged4）“辅音字母+y”尾，y改为i, 再加edcarry--carried study--studied2、不规则动词的过去式1）.中间去e，末尾加t 如：keep→kept，feel→felt，sleep→slept，sweep→swept2）.结尾d变t 如：build→built，lend→lent，send→sent，spend→sp ent3）.遇见i改为a 如：ring→rang，sit→sat，drink→dranksing→sang，swim→swam，give→gave4）.“骑(马)”“开(车)”“写(字)”——把i变o如：ride→rode，drive→drove，write→wrote5）.“想”“买”“带来”“打仗”——ought换上think→thought，buy→bought，bring→brought，fight→fough t 6）.“教书”“抓住”——aught切莫忘如：teach→taught，catch→caught7）.ow/aw改为ew是新时尚如：know→knew，grow→grew，throw→threw，draw→drew8）.“放”“让”“读”过去式与原形一样如：put→put，let→let，read→read/red/【一般过去时用法】1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：He got to school at ten o’clock last Friday.他上周五10点到学校。
2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的间状语连用：I often got up very early at that time. 那时我经很早常起床。
3.表示已故人所做的事情。
Comrade Lei Feng did good deeds in his life. 雷锋同志做了一生的好事。
4. 表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。
Miss Liu got up at seven o’clock this morning, dressed, had breakfast, andwent to work.5、一些句子虽没有明确的时间状语，但表示的意思是过去发生的动作，且与现在毫无牵连，也会用一般过去时如：❖What did you say?❖What did you think of the film?【练习】I 用括号里动词的适当形式填空1. They _____________ (not watch) TV just now.2. They _______ (carry) water for Grandpa Liu three days ago.3. Mike and Jack _________ (make) the model plane last month.4. _______ your friends ________ (have) a good time in the park that day?5. My father _____ (go) to Beijing a week ago.6. _____ Mary ______ (study) at the No. 1 Middle School the year before last?7. His parents _________ (not go) out for a walk after supper yesterday.8. Where _______ (be) Mei Fang last night?II.句型转换1、They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句)2、__________ they ________ to China in 1990?3、2.I was ill for two days last week? (同上)4、________ you ill for two days last week?5、3. The twins went to school on foot every day. (同上)6、_________ the twins _______ to school on foot every day?7、4.She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 变否定句)8、She _________ ________ the clothes last SundayIII 作文What about your past life?。