（A）真
（B）假
3 Language acquisition refers to the process involved in creating and expressing meaning through language.
（A）真
（B）假
4 Structural metaphor means that human experiences with physical objects provide the basis for ways of viewing events, activities, emotions, ideas, etc. , as entities and substances.
（A）Competence
（B）Performance
（C）Learning
（D）Acquisition
8 During language acquisition, children go through several stages, during which stage they begin to have sensitivity to the phonetic distinctions used in their parents' language.
（A）language acquisition
（B）applied linguistics
（C）psycholinguistics
（D）pragmatics
10 ______does not belong to Construal Operations.
（A）Attention/ Salience（B）Jugment/ Comparison
（A）真
（B）假
5 Superordinate categories are the most general ones. The members of a superordinate category do not have enough features in common to conjure up a common gestalt at this level.
（D）Top-down processing is more efficient than bottom-up processing in speech comprehension.
7 ______is defined as a conscious process of accumulating knowledge of a second language usually obtained in school settings.
[考研类试卷]英语专业（语言学）历年真题试卷汇编23
一、判断题
1 Metonymy involves using the familiar to stand for the unfamiliar. (对外经贸2005研)
（A）真
（B）假
2 The utterance meaning of the sentence varies with the context in which it is uttered.
13 How to understand a sentence?
14 What is blending theory?
四、名词解释
15 Language acquisition (浙江大学2004研)
16 government (南开大学2011年研)
17 Psycholiguistics
18 The Innateness Hypothesis
（C）metaphor and metonymy
（D）Perspective/ Situatednesss
三、简答题
11 What is the purpose of studying language and mind? (南开大学2004研)
12 What is the cognitive interpretation of image schema? (北航2010研)
（B）Bottom-up processing utilizes all information one has in speech perception.
（C）Top-down processing uses one's existing knowledge and the incoming speech signal.
19 Construal and construal operations
20 Categorization
21 Cognition
五、举例说明题
22 In informal speech, people often omit sentence subjects because they are commonly understood. What are the omitted subjects in the following two sentences? Why do people know that these are the correct subjects? (南京大学2008研)
（A）Holophrastic stage
（B）Two word stage
（C）Three word stage
（D）Fluent grammatical conversation stage
9 ______is the study of psychological aspect of language.
（A）真
（B）假
二、单项选择题
6 How does the top-down approach differ from the bottom-up approach in language processing? (对外经贸2005研)
（A）Bottom-up processing is more effective than top-down processing in speech synthesis.
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