manners and understanding of things cultural)
East & West, Different Values
Different Values
❖ The core of Western values is individualism.
❖ The core of the Chinese value is collectivism.
the spiபைடு நூலகம்it of equality
What is the American Dream?
It’s the belief that any individual, no matter how poor, can achieve wealth and fame through diligence and virtue. (Para. 10)
The pioneering spirit is
still an important part of American character
in search of greater prosperity and freedom
The pioneering spirit
The pioneering spirit: the need to explore a new frontier, the desire to start a new life in a new place, the courage to try something new, social mobility—movement from class to class.
The American Character
➢The Roots of American Character
the spirit of pioneering the spirit of liberty the spirit of equality
the spirit of pioneering
the spirit of equality
The American belief in equality of opportunity is illustrated by the American Dream. These popular “rags-to-riches” stories exemplified the American Dream
This was explained as “There should be affection between father and son, righteous sense of duty between ruler and minister, division of function between man and wife, stratification between old and young, and good faith between friends.”
Individualism
❖ Individualism refers to the doctrine(教条，信条) that the rights of the individual are the most important ones in a society.
❖ An individualist culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as individuals and to emphasize the needs of individuals.
Review of Culture Course
The English Character
the English character
Key words:
• reserved • modest • humorous • sportsmanship
❖What is a reserved person like? P1 ❖What is the sportsmanship? P7
❖ It emphasized cooperation among group members and individuals success is due to the collective effort of the staff in a unit, an organization or a community.
❖ The core of individualism is the pursuit of personal interest and achievements.
❖ “God helps those who help themselves.”
Collectivism
❖ A collectivist culture is one in which people tend to view themselves as members of groups, and usually consider the needs of the group to be more important.
Five Relationships of Confucianism: ruler-minister, father -son, husband-wife, elder-younger brother and friend-friend.
孟子的“五伦”说：君臣有义，父子有亲，夫妇 有别，长幼有序，朋友有信。
Can you summarize the character of Americans?
pioneering spirit the need to explore a new frontier the courage to try something new social mobility—movement from class to class big consumers rough around the edge (lack sophistication in