2016年国际关系学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解
一、词语翻译：英译汉(每题1分，总共15分)
1. demographics
【答案】人口统计学
2. play the field
【答案】脚踩两条船
3. endowment insurance
【答案】养老佣金、养老保险
4. Good Samaritan Law
【答案】“好人法”；好撒玛利亚人法
5. probity and self-discipline
【答案】廉洁自律
6. tenacious determination
【答案】壮士断腕的决心
7. nepotism
【答案】裙带关系
8. low profile
【答案】低调，低姿态
9. marathon-viewing
【答案】煲剧；刷剧
10. co-starring
【答案】联袂主演
11. OECD
【答案】经济合作与发展组织
12. CATTI
【答案】全国翻译专业资格水平考试
13. TPP
【答案】跨太平洋伙伴关系协定14. IAAF
【答案】国际田联
15. AIIB
【答案】亚洲基础设施投资银行
二、词语翻译：汉译英(每题l分)
1. 全面二孩政策
【答案】the universal two child policy
2. 大病医疗
【答案】critical illness medical care
3. 四个全面战略布局
【答案】the strategy of four comprehensives
4. 万众一心
【答案】forge ahead as one
5. 一带一路倡议
【答案】the Belt and Road Initiative
6. 门当户对
【答案】be matched for marriage
7. 量体裁衣
【答案】act according to actual circumstance
8. 拼爹
【答案】parents privilege competition
9. 空巢老人
【答案】empty-nester
10. 任性
【答案】wayward/headstrong/capricious
11. 徇私舞弊
【答案】making favoritism
12. 至亲
【答案】closely-knit kinsmen
13. 自主知识产权
【答案】Independent intellectual property rights
14. 噱头
【答案】gimmick stunt
15. 山体滑坡
【答案】landslide
三、英汉互译：英译汉（每篇60分，总共60分）
Beijing is taking aim at the “sharing economy" in China, publishing draft regulations that would impose taxi-like restrictions on private car-hailing services and could raise costs for internet booking leaders Uber and Didi Kuaidi．The regulations ,open for public comment for a month, would require Internet-based car-booking operators to obtain licences, set up local offices and maintain China-based servers, China’s Ministry of Transportation said in a draft posted on its website late on Friday.
The release comes two days after Shanghai awarded the first municipal internet car-hailing licence in China to Didi, an important step towards regulating an industry that has been controversial in cities around the world．Municipalities from Amsterdam to New Delhi have struggled to control the proliferation of car-hailing apps，ensure passenger safety and deal with the impact of such services on the traditional taxi industry．
Uber and Didi，the mainland market leader，have long operated in a grey area
of Chinese law, with most municipalities ruling private taxis technically illegal. That ban has not been rigorously or consistently enforced, however. Beijing plans by the end of the year to announce national rules that could either formally legalise the growing car-hailing industry or strangle it.
People in the industry point out that even if the draft regulationsare adopted，there still would be ample room for municipal regulators to issue detailed local policies that could affect their implementation．Some of the rules are as strict as those on the heavily regulated traditional taxi industry, and thus could prove costly if rigorously enforced nationwide, they said．
【参考译文】
北京方面把目光投向中国的“共享经济”，发布法规草案，拟对私人叫车服务实行类似于出租车的限制，此举可能推高互联网打车应用领先者优步和滴滴快的的成本。

根据中国交通运输部上周五晚间在官网上贴出的征求意见稿，将公开征求意见一个月的这两份法规，将要求网络预约出租汽车运营商获得牌照、设立当地办事处，并将服务器设置在中国内地。

上述草案出炉两天前，上海向滴滴快的颁发了中国首份网络租约车平台经营牌照，向着监管在世界各地许多城市引发争议的打车应用行业迈出重要的一步。

从阿姆斯特丹到新德里，市政当局竭力控制打车应用的兴起，确保乘客的安全，并且应对此类服务对传统出租车行业的影响。

中国内地市场的领先者优步和滴滴快的一直在中国法律的灰色地带运营，中国多数市政当局裁定私人叫车服务严格说来是违法的。

不过，这项禁令并没有得到认真或统一的执行。

北京方面计划最迟在今年底宣布全国性规则，这些规则可能给予不断发展的打车应用行业合。