英3Unit 8 Leisure, Work and Animals 休闲活动与宠物--- Looking at leisure activities and animals as pets orfor work 学习有关休闲活动及宠物与人的关系的内容学习目标1.表示数量a large proportion of…很大比例的a small proportion of…很小比例的the majority of…多数的a minority of…少数的half the… 一半的a third of… 三分之一的a quarter of… 四分之一的over…多于more than…under…少于less than…2.spend time doing（in）doing sthspend time/moneyon sthJack spends under a third of his free time doing housework.Jack spends a large portion of his time sleeping.3.现在完成时和现在完成进行时现在完成时--- 强调动作的结果，表示动作已经结束现在完成进行时--- 强调动作从过去一直持续到现在，并且还要继续下去She has sorted out all the books and pictures. （已经）She’s been reorganizing the shop. （一直）Where has he been livin g?Who have they been working for?He hasn’t been working here for very long.注：状态动词可用于现在完成时，但不可用于现在完成进行时（love, like, hate, be, think认为/feel /hear/want）I’ve always liked animals.4.for和since表示时间for +时间段（①从过去到现在②过去③将来的一段时间）since +时间点（从过去某一时间点起到现在）（短语/句子）Franco: I lived in Sicily for 18 years. I came to London when I was 18. I’ve lived in England now foralmost 30 years.He's been here for ten minutes.He was here for ten minutes.I’m staying in Beijing on busines s for two weeks next month.I’ve been living here for three months / since last March. Since it started raining, I’ve stayed in the house.注: for和since与延续性动词搭配非延续性动词肯定式不可与其搭配（否定式可以）He has come here for two days. (×)He has been here for two days. (√)She hasn’t come here for two days. (√)I’ve not seen him since last week.5.词语比较/习语/句型/答案ed to do 过去常常做…be used to sth /doing 习惯于…2.because of +名词because + 句子3.the number of……数字/目（作主语时,谓语用单数）a number of…一些…（作主语时,谓语用复数）（in）doing sth4.spend time /moneyon sthpare A to B 把A与B相比; 把A比作Bcompare A with B 把A与B相比6.the majority of… 多数的a minority of… 少数的Actt.1 业余活动/描述发展趋势/表达数量p.126After hoursernment figures (in a recent survey) show that…8.after hours 工/业余时间9.for an average of three hours a day平均每天三个小时10.in /during the last /past 30 years 30年来/在过去30年间（常与完成时搭配）In the last more than 20 years great changes have taken place in China.11.because of +名词because + 句子12.washing machine 洗衣机microwave = microwave oven 微波炉vacuum cleaner 真空吸尘器13.etc = etcetera /it`set rə/ 等等14.the number of……数字/目（作主语时,谓语用单数）a number of…一些…（作主语时,谓语用复数）15.stereo / `st iəriəu/ 立体声的→立体声唱机16.leasure activity /time休闲活动/时间（in）doing sth17.spend time /moneyon sth18.55-64 year-olds = 55-64 year-old peoplepare A to B 把A与B相比; 把A比作Bcompare A with B 把A与B相比20.复习表示发展趋势动词This figure has fallen dramaticallyThe number of TVs…has also risen sharply…listening to tapes and records decreases with agegardening for pleasure rises sharply名词because of the increase in labour-saving devicesKEY1.They do less because of the increase in labour-savingdevices.s, stereos, videos, CD and DVD players, etc.3.More people watch TV.4.Older people.Animals at home21.range from…to…在一定范围/幅度内有所变化22.tropical fish 热带鱼23.changes (in life style and the family structure)have made24.分数表示法: 分子用基数词, 分母用序数词,分子与分母常用连字符（-）连接, 如果分子大于1, 分母用复数1/3 →a /one third2/3 →two-thirds3 2/5→three and two-fifths一些习惯用法:½ →a /one half¼ →a /one quarter // one-fourth¾ →three-quarters2 ¼ →two and a quarter1 ½ →one and a half7 ¾ →seven and three quarters较复杂的分数:23/9 →twenty-three over nine76/92 →seven-six over ninety-two25.数量表达方式:（see学习目标1）KEY1.Just under half of households have a pet.2.Dogs used to be the most popular pets. /Cats are themost popular pets.3.Cats need less care than dogs.4.Most dog owners have（only）one dog.5.More than /Over a third of cat owners have two or morecats.6.More than /Over half of dogs in the UK are pedigree.Actt.2 表达数量p.1291.A large proportion /The majority of households have amicrowave oven.2.More than half of managers have a dishwasher.3.Just under a quarter of unskilled workers’ householdshave a dishwasher.4.The majority / A large proportion of men have donesport in the last week.5.A minority of women have done DIY in the last fourweeks.Actt.3 表达数量p.129Part A1.Jack spends under a third of his free time doing housework.2.Jack spends a small proportion of his free time seeing friends.3.Jack spends a large proportion of his time sleeping.4.Jack spends the majority of his free time watching TV.5.Jack spends over a quarter of his free time studying. Part B 写作---应用表达数量的词语描述时间安排Actt. 4 Extt.1 分数表达p.1301.What’s the ownership of video recorders?About four-fifths of households own a video recorder. 2.What’s the ownership of pets?About half the households own a pet.3.What’s the ownership of personal computers?Under a third of households own a personal computer.4.What’s the ownership of microwave ovens?Over three-quarters of households own a microwaveoven.5.What’s the ownership of dishwashers?About a third of households own a dishwasher.⏹Actt.5 Extt.2 完成时/完成进行时p.1311.She does voluntary work on Saturdays.2.It is called Animal Welfare.3.She works in a charity shop.4.She does it because she likes animals.5.Yes, she has.6.She has sorted the books and pictures out.⏹Actt. 6 Extt.2听写填空完成时/完成进行时p.1311.work2.haven’t; for3.been; furthered4.worked; shops in London5.liked; since; I’ve6.reorganising; sorted outActt. 7 完成时/完成进行时p.132Part BI’ve been running long distance races for five years. I’ve been training with a local running club since last summer, and I’ve been preparing for the London Marathon. I’vecompleted two half-marathons. In the second half- marathon I got the best time in the whole club. Recently I’ve been building my muscles by going to the gym to increase my stamina（耐力）.Actt. 8 写作,用完成时/完成进行时写段有关自己爱好的短文p.133⏹Actt. 9 Extt. 3 现在完成进行时p.1331.What have you been doing?I’ve been writing a letter.2.Have you been listening to the radio?No. I haven’t been listening to the radio.3.Have you heard the news?No, I haven’t heard the news.4.How long have you been studying English?I’ve been studying English for three years.5.Have you been waiting long?Yes. I’ve been waiting since 5 o’cloc k.6.Have you read this gook?Yes. I’ve read it.⏹Actt. 10 Extt. 4 spend time doing p.1341.How many hours do you spend watching TV?2.Do you spend more time reading or seeing friends?3.How often do you listen to music?4.How many hours a week do you spend doing sport?Actt. 11 复习定语从句, 练习完成进行时p.135 26.Did you know…?询问对方是否知道/听说了某事,是习惯用法, 与过去时无关, 其后可跟各种时态= Has the news reached you?27.people with mental illnesses 患有精神疾病的人28.separate（…）from 与…分开29.in hospital （生病）住院in a /the hospital 在医院Such as:go to school 去上学go to the school 去学校go to church 做礼拜go to the church 去教堂但go to the cinema 去看电影30.take the case of sb 以某人的情况为例31.She（The dog）helps me to get dressed对所喜爱/崇敬的事物用she指代Fill her up, please. 请给加油（her指my car）I love China. She is a great country.本文中的she表示喜爱, 也表示这是一只she-dog32.go into a coma 陷入昏迷状态be in a coma 处于昏迷状态33.alert（sb to sth）警报/告; 警觉的alarm 警报, 警报器,闹钟,惊慌alter 改变34.my blood sugar level dropped 血糖降低了He gave me an insulin injection他给我注射了一针胰岛素KEY1.Yes, they are.2.They think that it’s good. /They recognise the benefits ofpets.3.Children, people with mental illnesses and elderlypeople who are separated from their own pets or have had to give up their pets.4.He started to speak.5.They are with them.6.He got it from Dogs for the Disabled.7.1) She helps him to get dressed, and she brings him hissocks and shoes.2) She fetches the newspaper from the shop.3) She passes him the phone when it rings.8.She got his neighbour.Actt. 12 同义词练习p.137Part A1)recognise2)separated from3)mental illnesses4)volunteer5)altered6)fetches7)dropped8)neighbourPart B1)neighbour2)volunteer3)separated4)mental illnesses5)fetches6)dropped7)altered8)recognisesActt. 13 复习定语从句p.1381.Dogs that / which help sick people work in hospitals.2.Dogs that /which disabled people use are specially trained.3.The dog which /that the disabled man stroked helped him speak.4.Doctors who /that have seen dogs help people begin to recognise the benefits.5.Volunteers whose dogs and cats help people work in the hospitals with the animal.6.The dog that /which assists Alan a lot came from a charity.7.The person who /that the dog fetched gave Alan an injection.8.The hospital staff who have tried working with dogs have reported good results.Actt. 14 警犬训练p.138Part A1)abilities2)bite3)criminals4)people5)oldActt. 15 Extt.5 p.1391.B2.C3.C4.A⏹Actt. 16 Extt.6 p.1401.T.2.F. “We are provided with a kennel（狗屋/窝）that staysin the garden and all food.”3.F. “The dogs are not aggressive.”4.T.5.F. “My dog barks when I’m wearing my uniformbecause he’s very excited.”Actt. 17 p.140The policeman’s name is Simon Woodrow and he works for the Thames Valley Police. He supervises 10 dog handlers who work all over Buckinghamshire. The dogs have natural abilities to search for people and find people and bite. The police dog team searches for an armed criminal when the police officers can’t find him. The dogs live with the handlers, but they sleep in a kennel in the garden. They bark when they see the handler coming because they are excited about working.⏹Actt. 18 Extt.7 p.1411.How long has Tess been helping Alan for?She’s been helping him for three years.2.For how long has Alan been visiting hospital everymonth?He’s been visiting hospital every month for four years.3.How long has Alan been having injections?He’s been having injections since 1996.4.How long has Sergeant Woodrow been working in thepolice force?He’s been working in the police force since 1994.5.For how long has he been training dogs?He’s been training dogs for five years.6.For how long has he been supervising other policeofficers?He’s been supervising them since 2001.。