• 4.2汽包的一些技术细节 The technological details of the steam drum: • 汽包内平行安装有两排汽水分离器，防止蒸汽带水 • To install steam-water separator, prevent water from carrying out by steam two lines in parallel layout. • 安装连续排污管，排出高浓度污水，维持炉品质合格 • To install continuous discharge waste water pipe, blow down the high consistence waste water to maintain to quality of boiler water • 安装有磷酸盐加药管 • To install chemical-dosing tube in the drum（the chemical usually is trisodium phosphate Na3 PO4）
• There ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱs re-circulating pipe Between Steam drum and economizer, When banking fire, the furnace and Vertical flue are still kept on high temperature, evaporation in economizer is still going on ，but feeding water may not need, so valves on the circulating pipe must kept open, thus form the natural re-circulation between the steam drum and the economizer ,otherwise water in the economizer will dry and pipes distorted by expansion stress，and may happen explosion when re-feeding water on a high temperature.
• 1.2水冷壁的作用 The function of the water cooled wall • 水冷壁合拢在一起形成炉膛，提供燃料燃 烧的空间，水冷壁管内的水吸收炉膛内燃 料燃烧产生的热量，这个过程就形成了热 交换。 • The water cooled wall folded together to form the furnace, provide a place where fuel be combusted, and water in pipes absorb heat energy emitted by combustion, so carry out the process of heat transfer
• 3. 省煤器 Economizer • 3.1压火的时候怎样来保护省器 • How to protect the economizer when banking fire？drum • Economizer • 在汽包和省煤器之间有一个再循环管道，当压火的时候，炉膛和竖烟 道内还保持着较高的温度，省煤器内的蒸发作还用还在进行，但这时 锅炉有可能已停止上水，因此再循环管道上的阀门必须打开，以保证 汽包和省煤器之间有水循环存在，否则省煤器内的水将蒸发干，管子 有可能因高温膨胀而变形，在再此上水时还有可能发生爆管。
• 锅炉本体水、汽侧流程： • 给水→省煤器进口集箱→省煤器管束→省煤器出口集箱→ 锅筒→下 降管→水冷壁下集箱→上升管→水冷壁上集箱→ 汽水连接管→锅筒→饱和蒸汽引出管→吊挂管入口集箱→吊挂管 管束→低温过热器入口集箱→低温过热器管束→喷水减温器→高 温过热器管束→高温过热器出口集箱→连接管→汇汽集箱 • Process of water-steam side of boiler proper • Feedwater ---- Economizer inlet header ----- Economizer pipeline ---- Economizer outlet header ---- Drum --- Downcomer ---- Waterwall lower header ---- Riser ---- Waterwall upper header ---- Steam-water connecting tube --- Drum---- Saturated steam introducing pipe ---- Inlet header of suspension tube ---Suspension tube bundles ---- Inlet header of low-temperature superheater ---- Tube bundles of low-temperature superheater -- Spray desuperheater ---- Tube bundles of high-temperature superheater ---- Outlet header of high-temperature superheater ---- Connecting tube --- Steam-collected header
• 安装有就地和远传水位计，用来监视水位 • To install water meter on the drum, for watching the water level • 汽包上有三个安全附件，压力表，水位计， 安全阀 • The three kinds of important safety auxiliary parts Pressure meter, water level meter and safety valve
• 汽水系统的主要部件 • The main parts of water & steam system
• 1.水冷壁 Water wall • 1.1水冷壁的结构 The structure of the water cooled wall • 水冷壁是由水冷壁管和钢翅片一个挨一个 焊接到一起形成的，悬挂在钢架顶部的大 板梁上 • The water cooled wall consists of pipes and steel bars welded together one by one, suspended on the crossbeam of the steel frame.
• 5. 减温器 Temperature reducer • 5.1喷水减温器的结构 • The structure of a spray water temperature reducerWater comes from feed-water flat floor
Water comes from feed-water flat floor
• 5.2为什么不把减温水直接喷在减温器的内壁，而是喷在 一个套管上 • Why do not spray water on the inner surface of the reducer directly, instead of spraying water on the sleeve • 在喷水减温器里面都会有一个套管，水喷喷在套管上，蒸 发并和高温蒸汽混合，减温器的壁很厚，如果直接把水喷 在它的内壁上，将会产生应力，降低它的强度。 • There is a sleeve in the spray water temperature reducer, water spray on the inner surface of the sleeve, evaporate and mix with high temperature steam, the temperature reducer has a thick wall ,if spray water on the inner wall directly, it will causes large stress, and degrades the intensity of the wall.
• 2、按蛇形管在烟道中的放置方式分： • （1）纵向布置：蛇形管垂直于后墙。 • （2）横向布置：蛇形管平行于后墙。
• 4. 汽包 Steam drum • 4.1汽包的作用 The function of the steam drum • 汽包是汽水系统的心脏，它有一个较大的 容积，能够用来吸收汽水系统压力和水位 的波动。 • Steam drum is the heart of steam water system, it has a relatively big volume, which can absorb the fluctuation of pressure and water level,
CFB 锅炉的汽水系统 The Water & Steam system of CFB Boiler
• 1 汽水系统的主要组件 • 包括：各种阀门、连接管道、联箱、省煤 器、过热器、减温器、水冷壁、汽包等。 • 1. The main components of steam & water system • Include: All kinds of valves, Connecting pipes, headers, Economizer, superheaters, Temperature reducers, Water cooled wall, Steam drum and so on
• 2. 水冷屏 Water cooled screen • 2.1水冷屏的安装位置 The position of the water cooled screen • 通常水冷屏悬挂在炉膛上部，靠近前墙的位置 • Ordinarily, The water cooled screen suspended in the upper furnace near the front water cooled wall. • 2.2水冷壁和水冷屏之间的区别 • What is the difference between the water wall and the Water cooled screen • 水冷壁只能从向着炉膛内的那一面吸收热量，然而水冷屏 可以从任何方向吸收热量 • The water cooled wall absorb heat energy only from one side which towards the furnace, while the water cooled screen can absorb heat energy from any direction.