3. Provide initial molecular displacement model and initial phase for X-ray crystallographic analysis Such as: ribosome three-dimensional structure (为X-射线晶体学结构解析提供初始分子置换模型及初始相位） 如：核糖体的三维结构 4. Study the structure of biological macromolecular complexes. Such as: virus - receptor complex structure （研究生物大分子复合物的结构）如：病毒-受体复合物的结构 5. Study organelles and even the structure of living cells. Such as: biological molecules in the movement of the structure and structure changes.（研究细胞器甚至是活细胞的结构) 如:生物分子在运动过程中的结构和结构的变化
the early 20th century to the development of ergodic virus single particle three-dimensional reconstruction technology.
（20世纪初期发展至二十面体病毒的单颗粒三维重 构技术）
In 2010, the three-dimensional reconstruction technique of cryoelectron microscopy was used to determine the structure of protein TRPV1, which marked that the cryostat was involved in the era of "atomic resolution" （2014年利用冷冻电镜三维重构技术确定蛋白质TRPV1结构， 标志着冷冻电镜跨入“原子分辨率”时代）
Application of Frozen Electron Microscope in Modern Biology:
1. Study the structure of molecules and their polymers that are not suitable for the application of X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Such as: Alzhiemer disease structure of amyloid fiber polymer (研究那些不适合于应用X-射线晶体学和核磁共振波谱学的分子及其聚合物的结构） 如：Alzhiemer疾病的淀粉状蛋白纤维聚合物的结构 2. Study the structure of biological macromolecules in different functional states Such as: ion channel switch （研究生物大分子处于不同功能状态时的结构) 如：离子通道开关 3. Provide initial molecular displacement model and initial phase for X-ray crystallographic analysis Such as: ribosome three-dimensional structure
The History of Application of cryo-Electron Microscope in Structural Biology
目录
nts
The process and working principle of cryo - electron microscopy The advantages and limitations of cryo-Electron Microscope Application of cryo-Electron Microscope in Modern Biology
Advantages:
.
◆ Sample demand is low ◆ closer to the physiological state ◆ Applicable to a wide range of research subjects ◆ You can study heterogeneous samples ◆ No special treatment is required for the sample ◆ Dynamic snapshots of different conformations or intermediaries can be obtained
90 years of the 20th century with the frozen transmission device, field emission electron gun and CDD imaging device appears, frozen electron microscopy single particle technology. （20世纪90年代随着冷冻传输装置、场发射电子枪以及CDD成像 装置出现，冷冻电镜单颗粒技术）
制作 :丁宇航 组员：谭志洪 张康 吴京洋 苟雪莲 刘雄 朱瑜
我们或许在不久的将来就能获得生命复杂机制的 原子级分辨率的图片了。这正是 2017 年的诺贝 尔化学奖，授予 Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank 和 Richard Henderson，因他们在冷冻电 子显微镜方面的卓越贡献，他们将冷冻电子显微 镜技术简化，并将其应用在生物分子成像方向。 此种成像技术将生物化学领域推进了新时代。
The process of cryo-electron microscopy:
How the cryo-electron microscope works:
principle: The sample is fixed by freezing in liquid nitrogen, making the biology large H2O molecules in the form of glass in the form of existence, to maintain low temperature,The sample is placed in a microscope, highly coherentelectrons as a light source from the above exposure, through the sample and the nearby ice, by scattering, the use of detectors and lens system to record the scattered signal imaging, and then signal processing, and finally use Three-dimensional reconstruction of the three-dimensional structure of the sample.
cryo-electron microscopy limitations:
◆ ◆ ◆ ◆ Expensive equipment preparation of samples difficult samples need to be frozen, not at room temperature The sample may be damaged by excessive electron beam
History:
In the 1970s, the structure of the virus molecule was studied by using freeze electron microscopy, and the concept, method and concept of the method of freezing electron microscope were put forward for the first time（20世纪70年代通过利用冷冻电镜研究 病毒分子的结构，从而首次提出冷冻电镜技术的原理，方法以 及流程的概念)
What is frozen electron microscope?
cryo-electron microscopy: the use of frozen fixed technology, low temperature using a transmission electron microscope to observe the sample microtechnology, resulting in the structure of biological macromolecules