decision making takes place at upper levels of the organization
Decentralization
lower-level managers provide input or actually make decisions
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6-6
Types of Authority Relationships
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6-7
Line and Staff Authority
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6-8
Unity of Command
6-16
Models of Organizational Design
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6-17
Strategy and Structure
6-12
Span of Control
Most effective and efficient span depends on: • Employee experience and training (more they
have, larger span). • Similarity of employee tasks (more similarity,
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6-10
Power Versus Authority
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6-11

Sources of Power
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6-4
Specialization
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6-5
Departmentalization
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a right whose legitimacy is based on an authority figure’s position in the organization; it goes with the job
Power:
an individual’s ability to influence decisions
A structure in which each employee reports to only one manager.
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6-9
How Do Authority and Power Differ?
Authority:
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6-3
Elements of Organizational Structure
• Work specialization • Departmentalization • Authority and responsibility • Span of control • Centralization vs. decentralization • Formalization
6Chapter
Organizational Structure and Design
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6-1
Learning Outcomes
• Describe six key elements in organizational design.
6-15
6.2 Identify the contingency
factors that favor either the mechanistic model or the organic model of organizational design.
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• Discuss the design challenges faced by today’s organizations.
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6-2
6.1 Describe six key elements in organizational design.
• Identify the contingency factors that favor either the mechanistic model or the organic model of organizational design.
• Compare and contrast traditional and contemporary organizational designs.
6-14
Formalization
How standardized an organization’s jobs are and the extent to which employee behavior is guided by rules and procedures.
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larger span). • Complexity of those tasks (more complex, smaller
span).
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6-13
Centralization & Decentralization
Centralization