Internal rhyme（行内韵）:
Ah, distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December, … Eagerly I wished the morrow;-vainly I had sought to borrow From my books surcease of sorrow— sorrow for the lost Lenore…(stanza 2)
The Fall of the House of Usher
It shows Poe's ability to create an emotional tone in his work, specifically feelings of fear, doom, and guilt. These emotions center on Roderick Usher who, like many Poe characters, suffers from an unnamed disease. The illness manifests physically but is based in Roderick's mental or even moral state.
The Tell-Tale Heart
"TRUE！ - nervous - very， very dreadfully nervous I had been and am； but why will you say that I am mad？ The disease had sharpened my senses - not destroyed - not dulled them. Above all was the sense of hearing acute. I heard all things in the heaven and in the earth. I heard many things in hell. How， then， am I mad？ Hearken！ and observe how healthily - how calmly I can tell you the whole story."
The clock struck midnight And through my sleeping I heard a tapping at my door I looked but nothing lay in the darkness And so I turned inside once more To my amazement There stood a raven Whose shadow hung above my door Then through the silence It spoke that one word That I shall hear forever more
The Murders in the Rue Morgue
It has been claimed as the first detective story. C. Auguste Dupin is a man in Paris who solves the mysterious brutal murder of two women. Numerous witnesses heard a suspect, though no one agrees on what language was spoken. At the murder scene, Dupin finds a hair that does not appear to be human.
Instigating the distress of the narrator Leading him to eternal sorrow and despair step by step probes into the value of human being’s existence philosophically: as answered by the raven to the speaker, one’s beloved can never be regained if beem is made up of 18 stanzas of six lines each. Generally, the meter is trochaic octameter（扬抑 格八音步） Poe based the structure of "The Raven" on the complicated rhyme and rhythm of Elizabeth Barrett's poem "Lady Geraldine's Courtship".
Why Raven?
The use of the raven —
the "devil bird"
Poe chose a raven as the central symbol in the story because he wanted a "non-reasoning" creature capable of speech. He decided on a raven, which he considered "equally capable of speech" as a parrot, because it matched the intended tone of the poem. Poe said the raven is meant to symbolize "Mournful and Never-ending Remembrance"
What types of techniques has the poet employed in the poem in terms of sound?
End rhyme（尾韵） (abcbbb)
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore, While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. `'Tis some visitor,' I muttered, `tapping at my chamber door Only this, and nothing more.'
Lenore
She's an idea, a memory, but she never really becomes a full-fledged character.She's an ideal, a symbol of what the narrator thinks a perfect, unspoiled, untouchable woman ought to be. To this griefstricken man, she stops being human and becomes a heavenly saint.
Music Appreciation
Content
Theme & Sound emotion Symbolism Other works
Theme
The main theme of the poem is one of undying devotion. The narrator experiences a perverse（unreasonable，harmful） conflict between desire to forget and desire to remember.
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BACK
What is the mood of persona/speaker in the poem?
Dreary
Sorrowful Grave
Gloomy Bleak
desperate
Stern
Lost
Melancholic
11 times repeated 6 times by the raven 5 times by the narrator
Annabel Lee It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea, That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; — And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me.
Assonance
半谐音（两个词或音节的元音 类似或辅音类似）
dreary, weary; napping, tapping, rapping; morrow, borrow, sorrow burning, turning; peering, wondering, fearing, doubting, dreaming
Alliteration:
weak and weary rare and radiant grim, ungainly, gaunt flirt, flutter stately, saintly
Repetition
“ nevermore ” … Tis some visitors entreating entrance at my chamber door Some late visitors entreating entrance at my chamber door…(stanza 3)