简单句、并列句和复合句导学案【学习目标】1、了解什么是简单句、并列句和复合句。

2、熟悉简单句五种基本句型。

3、掌握并列句中表并列、选择、转折和因果关系的连词;4、了解复合句中的三大从句。

5、根据上下文的逻辑关系确定合适的连词；【预习导学】句子按其结构可以分为___________、___________、___________三类。

一、简单句：只有一个_______（或并列_______）和一个_______（或并列_______）。

e.g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.（一）简单句的五种基本句型1、_______+_______（vi.）e.g. The caris running fast.Theyworked day and night.2、_______+_______（vt.）+_______e.g. Henryboughta dictionary.Wecan playthe piano.3、_______+_______（vt.）+双宾语（_______宾语+_______宾语）：e.g. My fatherboughtmea car.=My fatherboughta car for me.IlentLi Haisome money.=Ilentsome money to Li Hai.4、_______+_______（vt.）+复合宾语（_______+_______）e.g. Tommadethe babylaugh.Ifoundthe bookvery interesting.5、_______+_______+_______e.g. Heisa student.The dishtastesdelicious.注：其他各种句子都可由这几种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。

二、并列句：由_______连词（and, but, or等）或_______（；）把_______或_______以上的简单句连在一起构成。

e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。

（二）并列句的分类1、联合关系常用的连词有_______( 同，和),_______(=and just at this time 就在这时，然后), ____________________________( 不仅……而且…… ), _______________________（既不……也不……）等。

如：(1) The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.(2) I was just leaving when the telephone rang.(3) Not only did he give us a lot of advice, but also he helped us to study English.(4) Neither has she changed her mind, nor will she do so.2、选择关系常用的连词有______ ( 或者，否则), _______( 否则), _______( 否则), ______________( 不是……就是，要么……，要么……；或者……或者…… ) 。

如：(1) Hurry up, or (else) you’ll be late.(2) You can stay here, or you can leave.(3) You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus.(4) Either you come to my home or I get to yours.3、转折关系常用的连词有but( 但是，可是), while( 然而、可是), yet( 可是) 等。

如：(1) He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes livelyand interesting.(2) I like tea while she likes coffee.(3) She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time.4、因果关系常用的连词有_____（因为,由于）和_____（所以，因此）等。

如：(1) It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.(2) I’m busy, so I can’t go with you.三、复合句：包含两个或多个主谓结构，并且，其中一个主谓结构充当_____，另一个或多个主谓结构为_____，充当该主句的_____、_____、_____、_____、_____或状语，这样的句子叫做复合句。

复合句包含：名词性从句（_______从句、_______从句、_______从句和_______从句）、_______从句和状语从句等。

e.g. That she was chosen made us very happy.She did not know what had happened.The question is whether we can get in touch with her.We heard the news that our team had won.This is the house where I lived two years ago．The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.【高考考点】1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。

虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。

2、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。

如：and, but, or, while以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。

3、各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时态联系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显，时间从句与条件从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句则用一般式表将来，这一点在高考中经常考查。

如：We will go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow。

【实战演练】一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句：1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.二、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句：I hope you are very well（）. I'm fine, but tired（）. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm（）. August is the hottest month here（）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（）Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（）. But he employs more men for the harvest（）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（）. It doesn't often rain in the summer here （）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（）. Every evening we pump water from a well（）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（）.Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（）. These parties often make us very happy（）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（）. It's great（）! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion（）. Some of my friends drink beer（）. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party（）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（）. There are five different time areas in the States（）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（）. How many different time areas do you have in China（）? Well, I must stop and get some sleep（）. Please give my best regards to your parents（）.三、选择填空：1. Give me one more minute ____ I’ll be able to finish it.A. andB. orC. ifD. so2. Train as hard as you can ____ you’ll win the swimming competition.A. thenB. butC. andD. or8. I’m sorry to have to say this, ____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.A. andB. butC. soD. because3. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, ____ others enjoy swimming.A. orB. forC. whileD. so4. ---- Do you feel like going out ____ would you rather have dinner at home?---- I’d like to go out. A. or B. and C. but D. so5. Mary went to bed early, ____ she felt very tired.A. orB. soC. forD. yet6. Mother ____ a dress when she cut her finger.A. was makingB. makesC. is makingD. made7. He lay in bed ____ read something borrowed from library.A. butB. andC. orD. yet8. ---- I’d really like some lunch but I have so much work to do.---- ____ what you want and I can get it for you.A. Tell meB. If you would say to meC. You will tell meD. If you tell me9. ---- I thought you had an umbrella. ---- I had, ____ I’ve lost it.A. sinceB. butC. becauseD. so10. ____ down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room.A. TurningB. To turnC. TurnedD. Turn11. ---- I don’t like chicken ____ fish.---- I don’t like chicken ____ I like fish very much.A. and, andB. and, butC. or, andD. or, but12. ---- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? ---- I’d like to, ____ I’m too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but13. Would you like a cup of coffee ____ shall we get down to business right away?A. andB. thenC. orD. otherwise14. She set out soon after dark ____ home an hour later.A. arrivingB. to arriveC. having arrivedD. and arrived15. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.A. whomB. whereC. whichD. while16. ____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.A. When leftB. LeavingC. If you leaveD. Leave 17．Work hard，_______ you'll catch up with others．A．and B．but C．or D．for18．Be quick，_______ you'll be late for the football match．A．so B．but C．and D．or19．We bought Granny a present，_______ she didn't like it．A．but B．and C．when D．if20．That was our first lesson，_______ she didn't know all our names．A．for B．but C．so D．or21．The boy is only ten，_______ he can do some washing himself．A．though B．but C．or D．so22．He is listening to the music _______ she is washing clothes．A．after B．before C．that D．while23．He is rich，_______ he isn't happy．A．or B．so C．and D．but24．_______ Saturday _______ Sunday is OK．I will be free in these two days．A．Either；or B．Neither；nor C．Both；and D．One；the other 25．Mr．Zhang felt very tired，_______ he needed a good rest．A．and B．so C．or D．but26．_______ human beings（人类）_______ animals can live without air．A．Not only ；but also B．Both；and C．Either；or D．Neither；nor27．—Have you got any brothers _______ sisters？—I have a sister．A．nor B．or C．but D．for28．Jim is an American，_______ he can speak very good Chinese．A．if B．so C．but D．because。