主谓一致一、什么是主谓一致？英语中的谓语形式随主语的人称、数以及动作的时态、语态的变化而变化，谓语动词必须与主语保持人称和数的一致，以便于协调交际。

这种语法现象叫做主谓一致。

一特殊形式。

二、主谓一致的类型和用法（一）语法一致○主语++ 名词/名词短语，谓语动词与主语中心词一致。

如：1. Jane with her two brothers was seen playing chess in the room.2. Nobody but Tom and Jack knows the secret.3. She as well as the other students has learned how totype.4. A professor, together with some students, wasmoving into a new laboratory.○ 作主语时，谓语用单数。

如：1. Enough has been done to prevent it from happening.2. Each of us has read the book.3. Neither of them is interested in English.4. Either of the stories is interesting.5. Nobody wants to go there.○ +名词作主语时，谓语用单 数。

如：1. Every boy and every girl knows that each day andeach hour brings its duty.2. More than one scientists is going to be present atthe meeting to be held.3. Many a man does not see the importance of homeeducation for children.***请注意：no … and no … + 单数名词时，谓语用单数；no … and no … + 复数名词时，谓语用复数；○若主语是否定与肯定组合而成时，谓语与肯定的一致。

如：1. Not you but he(或者说, He, not you) has been chosen to do so.2. It’s not you but she (或者说, It’s she, not you) thatis wrong.○It 引导的强调句中，无论强调的是单数还是复数，都用it is/was, 如强调的是主语，that/who之后的谓语要与主语一致。

如：1. It’s those girls that/who have made so many mistakes.2. It’s I who am a student.○集体名词作主语时，如看作一个整体，谓语用单数；如看作一个个成员，谓语用复数。

如：1. His family lives on Beijing Road.2. His family are fond of music.（二）意义一致○形式上是复数（以-s结尾），但意义上为单数。

根据意义一致原则，谓语用单数。

A ．表学科的，如：B ．表地理的，如：C ．表物品的，如：○作主语时，谓语用单数还是复数取决于它们所替代的意义。

如：1. He who laughs the last laughs the best.2. All of the students have seen the film.3. All that glitters is not gold.○ 作主语时，谓语与介词后的名词保持一致。

如：1. The rest of the lecture is not interesting.2. The rest of the bicycles are on sale today.3. Three-fourths of the earth’s surface is coveredwith water.4. About 90% of the students are good and part ofthem are interested in history.○what如：1. What he said is about the building of our library.2. What he gave me are some books.○ a number of…之后用复数；the number of…之后用复数。

如：1. A number of students are still in the lab.2. The number of the students is increasing veryfast.○表示一段时间、一笔金钱、一段距离、重量、数量、如：1. Ten dollars is not enough.2. Three plus three is six.3. Five years have passed since she went toAmerica.4. Five years is too long a time for her.***请注意：Two and three is/are five. = Two and three make five.（2 + 3 = 5）○both…and…和…and…，谓语用复数。

如：1. Both rice and wheat are grown well here.2. The doctor and the nurse are working in thatroom.***请注意：当…and…概念时，谓语则用单数。

如：1. The singer and dancer over there is my old friend.2. The poet and writer is gone.○the + 形容词/the + 形容词/如：1. The rich are not always happy.2. The good in him outweighs the bad.○如：1. Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.2. The last and most difficult lesson is Lesson 14. （三）就近一致○此类连词连接的主语，谓语与最近的那个主语一致。

如：1. Are you or she the teacher of English?2. Neither I nor he is the teacher of English.3. Only one or two boys were chosen for the contest.4. Either he or I am right.5. Not only the students but (also) the teacher is activein sports and games.○在one of + 复数名词+ that/who/which定语从句结构中，从句谓语用复数。

如：1. One of excuses that were given by the lazy studentssounds strange.2. David is one of these people who have trouble inmaking up their minds.***请注意：此结构中，one of前如有the only/the very修饰时，从句谓语则用单数。

如：1. Tom is the only one of the boys who works hard inthe class.2. She is the very one of the tailors who is also tomake clothes to your own measure.○在There be A, B, C, … and D结构中，be的数与数保持一致。

如：There is a table, two chairs and some books in the room.真题回顾(共8题)2004年（1题）3. Tom is one of those students who friendly; however,it is very hard to get along with him.A. is appeared to beB. are appeared to beC. appears to beD. appear to be2007年（2题）36. Every means but without much result.A. have been triedB. has been triedC. have triedD. has tried42. Neither Mary nor her sister to the party.A. goB. are goingC. have goneD. is going2008年（1题）25. There some mistakes in your composition.A. haveB. hasC. seems to beD. seem to be2010年（2题）12. The father writes in his will that every son anddaughter a share of his property.A. hasB. to haveC. havingD. have26. Orlando, a city in Florida, for its main attraction,Magic Kingdom.A. which is well knownB. being well knownC. well knownD. is well known2011年（1题）30. of the land in that district covered with treesand grass.A. Two fifth; isB. Two fifths; areC. Two fifth; areD. Two fifths; is2013年（1题）27. Half of his goods stolen the other day.A. areB. wereC. isD. was补充练习1. The Garth’s family, which rather a large one,very fond of their old house.A. were; wereB. was; wereC. were; wasD. was; was2. Nothing but cars in the shop.A. is soldB. are soldC. were soldD. are going to sell3. No one except Jack and Tom the answer.A. knowB. knowsC. is knowingD. are knowing4. Class Four watching the basketball match now.A. areB. isC. has beenD. are being5. of the money used up.A. Three-five; areB. Three-fifths; have beenC. Three-fifths; has beenD. Third-fifth; is6. The number of the people who carsincreasing.A. owns; areB. owns; isC. own; isD. own; are7. All but one here just now.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. were8. One of Marx’s works written in English in the 1860s.A. wasB. wereC. would beD. are9. A good deal of money spent on books.A. haveB. hasC. have beenD. has been10. On each side of the street a lot of trees.A. standsB. growC. is standingD. are grown11. We have sold many bicycles of this kind and the reston sale today.A. isB. areC. hasD. have12. Some person calling for you at the gate.A. isB. areC. is beingD. will be13. All that can be eaten eaten up.A. has beenB. are beingC. had beenD. have been14. Tom’s teacher and friend Mr. Smith.A. are beingB. hasC. areD. is15. The police the murderer everywhere when hesuddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching forB. are searching forC. were searching forD. were searching16. The Arabian Nights (《一千零一夜》) well known toEnglish lovers.A. isB. wereC. areD. been17. About 40 of the population of that countryon farms.A. percent; livesB. percent; liveC. percents; liveD. percents; lives18. Many a student that mistake before.A. had madeB. have madeC. has madeD. has been made19. Peter, perhaps John, playing with his little dog.A. isB. areC. wereD. seems20. Laying eggs the ant queen’s full-time job.A. isB. areC. wereD. seems21. The glass works in 1959.A. were builtB. were set upC. were put upD. was set up22. The Olympic Games held every four years.A. isB. areC. hasD. have23. A dozen twelve, and two twenty-four.A. is; dozen isB. is; dozens areC. is; dozen areD. is; dozens is24. It was reported that six including a boy.A. was killedB. was killingC. were killedD. had killed25. Deer faster than dogs.A. runB. runsC. are runningD. will run26. Steam and ice different forms of water.A. isB. areC. wasD. were27. The whole class greatly moved at his words.A. wasB. isC. hadD. were28. This kind of cakes good while cakes of that kinddifferent.A. taste; areB. tastes; areC. smell; isD. smells; is29. Over 80 percent of the population of China peasants.A. wasB. isC. areD. will be30. There a knife and fork on the table.A. seem to beB. seems to beC. is seeming to beD. are(练习答案：BABAC CDADD BAADCABCAA DAACA BDBCB)。