当前位置:文档之家› 上海市初一年级牛津版英语语法总结

上海市初一年级牛津版英语语法总结

—-可编辑修改,可打印——
别找了你想要的都有!
精品教育资料——全册教案,,试卷,教学课件,教学设计等一站式服务——
全力满足教学需求,真实规划教学环节
最新全面教学资源,打造完美教学模式
时态讲解
一、一般现在时主要用于:
1 、表示经常性或习惯性动作。

e.g. It seldom snows here.
2 、表示现在的特征或状态。

e.g. He is always ready to help others.
3 、普遍真理。

e.g. Action speaks louder than words.
4 、剧情图片介绍,背景说明,动作解说。

e.g. (Tom enters the room and sits at the table)
Doctor :What's your trouble, young man?
Tom :I've caught a cold, doctor.
5 、时间、条件、让步、方式状语从句表将要发生的动作时。

e.g. Tomorrow we shall go for an outing unless it rains.
与这种时态连用的时间状语常有:always, often, never, seldom, usually, once, a week, now 等。

二、一般过去时主要用于:
1 、表示过去某个时间发生的动作或情况(包括习惯性的动作或状态)
e.g. When did you read the novel? She often came to help us in those days.
2 、谈到过去的情况时e.g. I didn't know you were so busy.
3 、谈到已死人的情况时 e.g. Lei Feng was a great communist fighter.
与这个时态连用的时间状语常有:
yesterday, last night, the other day, two months ago, in 1985, then, just now, when, after, as soon as 引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作开始的时间。

三、现在完成时主要用于:
1 、表示到现在为止这一时期中发生的动作或情况,即多次动作的总和。

e.g. We have learnt four English songs this month. How many times have you read the novel?
For many days we haven't seen each other.
2 、表示对现在有影响的某一已发生的动作。

e.g. The delegation has left 代表团已经走了(说明现在不在这里)Look, what you have done. 看你干的事。

与这一时态连用的时间状语有:already, yet, just, ever, never, by now, so far, recently, by the end of this month, since, for 短语,连词since 引导的时间状语从句。

一般过去时与现在完成时的区别:
一般过去时:重在说明动作在过去发生时的具体情况(时间、地点、方式、对象、细节等)。

现在完成时:只提起已发生的动作(事实)及其影响,不说明动作发生时的具体情况。

cf. Have you had your lunch? What did you have for lunch?
I have ever been to the Great Wall, and I went there last summer with my father.
注:现在完成时表达的动作常具有反复性,故下面一句是错的:Have you seen the six thirty's news program? 应改为:Did you see the six thirty's news program?
四、现在完成进行时主要用于:
表示过去开始的某一动作一直持续到现在,以至延伸到将来,它强调动作延续时间之长久。

e.g. I've been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。

(还在写)
cf. I've written an article. 我写了一篇文章。

(已写完)
It has been raining these days. 这些天一直在下雨。

五、过去完成时
1 、过去完成时是一个相对时态,表示过去的过去,只有在两个过去发生的动作相比较时才可显示出来。

e.g. As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
注:主从句表达的动作紧接时,即两动作发生的时间没有明显时间上的悬殊或空档时,主从句都可用一般过去时。

e.g. Where did your
brother study before he joined the army?
2 、过去完成时可表示截止过去某一时间动作的总或动作的结束。

e.g. By the end of last month. We had reviewed four books By eight o'clock, he had finished his homework.
与这个时态连用的时间状语常有:by 1985, by eight o'clock, by then, by the end of last month, by the time when, when, as soon as, before 等连词引导的时间状语从句,表示主句动作结束的时间。

六、现在进行时主要用于:
1 、表示现在或现阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. Listen, someone is crying. What are you doing these days?
2 、代替一般现在时,表示经常性动作或状态,而含有某种感情色彩。

e.g. How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎样?(显得亲切)
He is doing well in his lessons. 他的功课很好。

(赞扬)
You are always boasting. 你老爱吹牛。

(厌烦)
3 、动词go, come, leave, arrive 等表将要发生的动作时。

e.g. They are leaving for Shanghai.
与这种时态连用的时间状语常有:now, these days, recently, this week 等。

七、过去进行时主要用于:
表示过去某个时刻或阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. At that time she was working in a PLA unit. 那时她在解放军某
部工作。

What were you doing this time yesterday?
与这个时态连用的时间状语常用:at nine o'clock, this time last night, these days, at that time 等。

用when 引导的时间状语从句表示主句的动作正在进行的时间。

e.g. When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.
注:
1 、while 引导时间状语从句叙述过去的动作时,从句常用过去进行时。

e.g. I read a magazine while I was waiting for the bus.
2 、when 用作并列连词,意为“这时”,连接两分句时,第一句多用过去进行时。

e.g. I was reading a newspaper when he came in.
一般过去时与过去进行时的区别:
一般过去时:强调过去某一时间开始或完成的动作。

过去进行时:强调过去某一时间正在进行的动作。

试区别下面两句:
We were building a reservoir last winter. 去年冬天我们在修建一座水库。

(可能尚未建成)
We built a reservoir last winter. 去年冬天我们修建了一座水库。

(已经建成)
八、一般将来时主要用于:表示将要发生的动作或情况。

相关主题