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动名词和现在分词各充当的成分
❖动名词：顾名思义，保留动词的意思，但
是词性已经变为名词。 在句子中充当：主语，宾语，表语，定语
现在分词：倾向于形容词词性。也仅是保留
动词意思，但不再是动词
在句子中充当： 表语，定语，宾补，状语
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请判断以下句中doing是什么词
They left off fishing. (停止钓鱼)
They left off to fish. (离开某处出发去钓鱼)
They stopped talking. 停止讲话
They stopped to talk. 停止在做的事，而去讲话
I regret to say that there is no wine in the bottle. (对现在要发生的
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3． doing在句子中充当宾语，往往跟在某些固定动词后。也就是 我们常说的某些固定动词后面再接动词，必须接动词的-ing形式。 如：Hearing the words, she couldn’t help thinking of her past bitterness. (can’t help这个动词，后面接宾语，如果宾语表达的是动 作，是个动词，那就要把动词变为名词性，即doing。此处doing 为 动名词。) We all avoided mentioning that matter. 同理 ★ 能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类：
He tried to write better. (尽量努力地写)
He tried writing with a brush. (用毛笔试着写)
I couldn’t help finishing it. (不能不结束某事)
I couldn’t help to finish it. (不能帮助结束某事)
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❖ Writing the book has taken up all his spare time.
❖ 做主语的是动作。
❖ Seeing is believing.
❖ 动名词与动词不定式做主语的区别在于：
❖ to do这个形式常表“将要”，表”目的“。
❖ doing这个形式常表”事实”
时主语一般是物），如：
The door needs oiling / to be oiled. 有的动词尽管可以用两种结构，但意义明显不同，须认真加以区别：
I forgot to close the door before I left the room.
I forgot having closed the door.
一 类 是 后 面 只 能 用 动 名 词 作 宾 语 的 动 词 ， 其 中 有 ： avoid,
consider, dislike, enjoy, escape, finish, give up, can’t help, imagine, keep (on), don’t mind, practise, put off, stop, go on, resist, suggest等， 如：
❖ It’s a waste of time doing … ❖ 例如：
❖ It’s no use going there today; he won’t be at home.
❖ It’s a waste of time arguing about it.
❖ It’s no good waiting here. Let’s walk home.
事2表020示/12遗/12 憾、抱歉)
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以下动词既可接不定式做宾语，又可接动名词做 宾语， 注意意思上的区别：
remember forget regret like stop mean
prefer hate continue remember to do sth 记得去做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 forget to do sth 忘记去做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过/做了而又忘了 regret to do sth 很遗憾要去做 某事 I regret to tell you a bad news 我很遗憾要告诉你一个 regret doing sth 后悔做了
Mary is considering changing her job.
I enjoy working with you.
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Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?
在need, want, deserve等后，可用动名词的主动式表示被动含义， 或用不定式的被动式，意义上无差别。但用动名词较为普遍，（这
crying. ❖ I heard him singing in the room.
20Байду номын сангаас0/12/12
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❖ 动名词作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语it，而将 动名词放在句尾：
❖ 常见固定用法有： ❖ It’s no use doing … 做……没有好处/用处 ❖ It’s no good doing… 做某事无益/无用 ❖ It’s no harm doing… 做……并无害处
❖ It is no use saying so. ❖ I am interested in reading books. ❖ I can’t help laughing. ❖ My job is teaching. ❖ Hearing this sad news, he couldn’t help
动名词 现在分词
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❖ 动名词 ❖ 现在分词
doing doing
❖ 动名词与现在分词的区别
❖ 动名词与现在分词的判断：动名词与动词现在 分词不同处在于：在句子中充当的成分不同。 也就是说，当看到一个动词的-ing形式时，要 通过分析这个词在句子中充当的成分后再判断 它是动名词还是现在分词。
❖ --What makes him so sad?
❖ --___ the watch.
❖20A20./1T2/1o2 lose B. Lost C. Losing D. Lose
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❖ --Why do you come here? ❖ --________. ❖ A. to see you ❖ B. seeing you ❖ C. see you ❖ D. I want to see you