取点对数分割:
ΔX=(Xmax/Xmin)1/(n-1)
= (80/25)1/ (5-1)
X i+1=X i×ΔX
X1=25 X2=33.4 X3=44.7 X4=59.8 X5=80
V1(mv) V2(mv) V W1(mv) V W2
(mv)
V0(mv) V(mv)
压强
(MPa)
T1(℃) T2(℃) t w1 t w2 T0ρ0W
3.75 2.3 1.15 0.95 1.55 4 0 87.33 55.09 28.03 23.13 37.52 1.138 0.0168 3.65 2.2 1.1 0.95 1.75 3 0 85.18 52.78 26.81 23.13 42.27 1.121 0.0139 3.55 2.15 1.1 0.95 1.85 2.2 0.003 83.02 51.63 26.81 23.13 4
4.62 1.112 0.0111 3.5 2.05 1.05 0.95 1.95 1.6 0.004 81.93 49.30 2
5.59 23.13 4
6.97 1.104 0.0085 3.45 1.95 1.05 0.95 2.15 1.3 0.005 80.85 46.97 25.59 23.13 51.63 1.088 0.0069
下面举例计算均以第一组为例子:
T1=-0.5436×3.752+25.522×3.75-0.7334=87.33
T2=-0.5436×2.32+25.522×2.3-0.7334=87.18
t w1=-0.9247×1.152+26.434×1.15-1.1502=28.03
t w2=-0.9247×0.952+25.522×0.95-1.1502=23.13
T0=-0.5436×1.552+25.522×1.55-0.7334=37.52
W=C√[ρ0(a×V-b)] [㎏/s]
已知C——孔板流量计的校正系数,这里的C=2.303×10-3
a=14.202 b=10.262
ρ0为孔板处的空气密度;[㎏/m3]
ρ0=PM/RT0=101.33×103×29×10-3/[8.314×(37.52+273.15) ]=9.420
故W=2.303×10-3[1.138 (14.202×4-10.262)]^1/2=0.048
空气的质量流量W [㎏/s]比热容
C p
J/(kg.C)
T1(K) T2(K)Q Δt1Δt2Δt mα1
空气的
导热系
数λ
w/(m.
℃)
换热
管内
径
d[m]
Nu Re
0.0168 1009360.48328.24546.5159.331.9644.23195.040.02966 0.029 92.9336274.29 0.0139 1009358.33325.93454.4158.3729.6542.40282.440.02966 0.029 80.6030012.66 0.0111 1009356.17324.78351.5656.2128.540.79866.290.02966 0.029 64.8123966.94 0.0085 1009355.08322.45279.8556.3426.1739.34754.710.02966 0.029 53.4918353.06 0.0069 1009354320.12235.8855.2623.8437.37448.550.02966 0.029 47.4714898.37
Q= W.C p. (T1- T2) [W]
所以:Q=0.0168×1009(360.48-328.24)= 546.51
因为根据牛顿冷却定律:Q=α 1.A1.Δt m 即:α1= Q /A1.Δt m
Δt m=(Δt1-Δt2)/㏑(Δt1/Δt2) ;Δt1= T1-t w1=87.33-28.03=59.3 ; Δt2=55.09-23.13=31.96
Δt m=(59.3-31.96)/㏑(59.3/31.96)= 44.231
A1=π×d×L=(33-2×2) ×10-3×1.43=0.130㎡
α1= 546.51 /(0.130.*44.231)= 95.04
Nu=α1×λ/d=95.04×0.02966/0.029=291.320 S=π×d2/4=6.6×10-4
Re=duρ/μ=dW/Sμ=0.029×0.0168/(6.6×10-4×2.035×10-5)=36274.29
㏑Nu㏑Re
4.53 10.499
4.39 10.309
4.17 10.084
3.98 9.818
3.86 9.609
已知Nu=BRe n故㏑Nu=n㏑Re +㏑B
Y = A + B * X
㏑B = A = - 3.56447 误差:0.37666
n = B=0.77013 误差:0.03741 ∴n= 0.77013 B= 0.0283 思考题:
为什么要把实验结果关联成Nu~ Re准数方程式,而不用α1 ~W来关联?
在本系统中,强化传热的最有效途径是什么,试分析之?
除实验讲义上所提的方法外,还有何方法可测定传热膜系数?。