分析以下句子，完成表格 1. Working hard, you will succeed. 2. Having waited in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he left his wallet at home. 3. Written in French, the letter cannot be understood. 4. Being painted, the house looks like a mess. 5. Having been told many times, she still can’t remember it. 6.When ____________(compare) with the size of the whole earth, the compared biggest ocean does not seem big at all. When comparing ____________(compare) it with the size of the whole earth, we find that the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. 7.Devoting __________ (devote) himself to education, he was given a medal. Devoted __________ (devote) to education, he was given a medal. lying ( lie ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半 8. The country __________ 岛) is South Korea. located The country ___________(locate ) to the east of Shandong Peninsula (半 岛) is South Korea.
Eg. Hearing the bell, the students began to enter the classroom. （听见和进入两个动 作同时发生）
The building being built now is our new library. （being built为现在分词的被动形 式，表示动作正在进行之中。） Having done the work, he went home. 完成 了工作，他就回家了。
Grammar
The Participle phrase used as Adverbial
分词 短 语 作 状 语
知识回顾：用括号内动词的正确形式填空 speaking speak) to the teacher now is our 1.The student ___________(
monitor. discussed discuss) yesterday is of great 2.The problem ___________( importance. invited 3.The guests ___________(invite) to the meeting were all specialists. belonging 4.China is a country _______________(belong )to the 3rd world. facing 5 .He lives in the house _______________ ( face ) the north. 6. Please speak loudly to make yourself ___________ ( hear) heard clearly. beating 7.I feel my heart____________( beat ) fast.
Having+v.-ed (having done)
v.-ed (done) being+v.-ed (being done)
having been+v-ed 与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾(被动)关系, (having been done) 且先于谓语动词发生。
2.分词作状语的基本原则
1）分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与 句子的主语保持一致。 2）分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上 的主谓（主动）或动宾（被动）关系， 否则不能使用分词作状语。 1）Being ill, he didn’t go to school. 2) Given much more time, he would do it better.
Practise:
(1)They set out ____ B for the ____ boy. A. searching; losing B. searching; lost C. to search; lost D. searched; losing
(2) The student sat there, ____ D what to do.
A. doesn’t knowing B. didn’t knowing
C. not
现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的 前面加not (never)
用括号内动词的正确形式补全下面短文。
The first line of the Moscow Metro(莫斯科地铁) opened called on 15 May 1935. Sometimes 1._______(call) “the people’s underground palace”, it has stood up well to the passing of the time. On a normal weekday it carries as many as 9 million passengers and it has almost turned onto a tourist attraction, as people from all over the world come to look at the stations decorated 2.________(decorate) with chandeliers(枝形吊灯). interesting There is a(n) 3.___________(interest) story about how the authorities came up with the idea of the Koltsevaya Ring. The architects went to Joseph Stalin (the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953) with the Metro blueprints to show him how they were getting on. When asked 4.__________(ask) what he thought of the project so far, Stalin simply put his coffee cup down, right in the centre of the Metro drawings and went away in silence.
1.分词作状语形式的选择
形式
v.-ing (doing)
意义
与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓(主动)关系，与 句中谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生。 与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓(主动)关系，先 于谓语动词发生。 与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾(被动)关系 与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾(被动)关系,且 与谓语动词同时发生，一般作原因状语置于 句首。
Seeing 1. ________(see) from the top of the tower, the city looks much more beautiful. Seen 2. ________(see) the city from the top of the tower, we will find it much more beautiful. carrying 3. Susan entered the room, _________(carry) a cup of coffee. broken 4. The man must have got in through the _________ (break) window. bitten 5. If ________(bite) by a snake. You should ask for help. Reminded/Having been reminded 6. ___________________________(remind) not to miss the flight, I got up very early. covering 7. There are several holes on the sheets _________(cover) the furniture. used 8. The knife ________(use) in the murder has now been found. invited 9. I won’t go to the party, even if ________(invite).
单句改错 1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking